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A penstock is a sluice
Sluice

A sluice is a water channel that is controlled at its head by a gate . For example, a millrace is a sluice that channels water toward a water mill....
 or gate
Floodgate

Floodgates are adjustable gates used to control water flow in lake, river, stream, or levee systems. They may be designed to set spillway crest heights in dams, to adjust flow rates in sluices and canals, or they may be designed to stop water flow entirely as part of a levee or storm surge system....
 or intake structure that controls water flow, or an enclosed pipe that delivers water to hydraulic turbines and sewerage systems. It is a term that has been inherited from the technology of wooden watermill
Watermill

A watermill is a structure that uses a water wheel or water turbine to drive a mechanical process such as flour, lumber or textile production, or metal shaping ....
s.

In hydro-electric systems and dams
Penstocks for hydroelectric installations are normally equipped with a gate system and a surge tank
Surge tank

A surge tank is a standpipe or storage reservoir at the downstream end of a closed aqueduct or feeder pipe - as for a water wheel - to absorb sudden rises of pressure and to furnish water quickly during a drop in pressure....
. Flow is regulated by turbine
Turbine

A turbine is a rotary engine that extracts energy from a fluid flow. Claude Burdin coined the term from the Latin turbo, or vortex, during an 1828 engineering competition....
 operation and is nil when turbines are not in service.






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Encyclopedia


A penstock is a sluice
Sluice

A sluice is a water channel that is controlled at its head by a gate . For example, a millrace is a sluice that channels water toward a water mill....
 or gate
Floodgate

Floodgates are adjustable gates used to control water flow in lake, river, stream, or levee systems. They may be designed to set spillway crest heights in dams, to adjust flow rates in sluices and canals, or they may be designed to stop water flow entirely as part of a levee or storm surge system....
 or intake structure that controls water flow, or an enclosed pipe that delivers water to hydraulic turbines and sewerage systems. It is a term that has been inherited from the technology of wooden watermill
Watermill

A watermill is a structure that uses a water wheel or water turbine to drive a mechanical process such as flour, lumber or textile production, or metal shaping ....
s.

In hydro-electric systems and dams


Penstocks for hydroelectric installations are normally equipped with a gate system and a surge tank
Surge tank

A surge tank is a standpipe or storage reservoir at the downstream end of a closed aqueduct or feeder pipe - as for a water wheel - to absorb sudden rises of pressure and to furnish water quickly during a drop in pressure....
. Flow is regulated by turbine
Turbine

A turbine is a rotary engine that extracts energy from a fluid flow. Claude Burdin coined the term from the Latin turbo, or vortex, during an 1828 engineering competition....
 operation and is nil when turbines are not in service. Maintenance requirements may include hot water wash, manual cleaning, antifoulant coatings, and desiccation.

Penstocks are also used in mine tailings dam construction, the penstock is usually situated fairly close to the center of the tailings dam and built up using penstock rings, these penstock rings control the water level letting the slimes settle out of the water, this water is then piped back under the tailings dam back to the plant via a penstock pipeline.

In watermills


See: Watermill
Watermill

A watermill is a structure that uses a water wheel or water turbine to drive a mechanical process such as flour, lumber or textile production, or metal shaping ....
.

Similar structures


Similar structures which are not enclosed are head races or leat
Leat

A leat is the name, common in the south and west of England, for an artificial watercourse, or aqueduct, supplying water to a watermill or its mill pond....
s (non elevated), and flume
Flume

A flume is an open artificial water channel, in the form of a chute , that leads water from a diversion dam or weir completely aside a natural flow....
s (elevated).

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