Pearlite

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Pearlite

Pearlite is a two-phased

Phase (matter)

In the physical sciences, a phase is a region of space , throughout which all physical properties of a material are essentially uniform. Examples of physical properties include density, refractive index, and chemical composition....
, lamellar

Lamellar structure

Lamellar structures or microstructures are composed of fine, alternating layers of different materials in the form of lamellae . They are often observed in cases where a phase transformation front moves quickly, leaving behind two solid products, as in rapid cooling of eutectic or eutectoid systems....
(or layered) structure composed of alternating layers of alpha-ferrite

Ferrite (iron)

Ferrite or alpha iron is a materials science term for iron, or a solid solution with iron as the main constituent, with a body centred cubic crystal structure....
(88 wt%) and cementite

Cementite

Cementite or iron carbide is a chemical compound with the formula Fe3C , and an orthorhombic crystal structure. It is a hard, brittle material, normally classified as a ceramic in its pure form, though it is more important in metallurgy....
(12%) that occurs in some steel

Steel

Steel is an alloy consisting mostly of iron, with a carbon content between 0.2% and 2.14% by weight , depending on grade. Carbon is the most cost-effective alloying material for iron, but various other alloying elements are used such as manganese, chromium, vanadium, and tungsten....
s and cast iron

Cast iron

Cast iron usually refers to Gray iron, but also identifies a large group of ferrous alloys, which solidify with a eutectic. The color of a fractured surface can be used to identify an alloy....
s. It forms by a eutectoid reaction as austenite

Austenite

Austenite is a metallic non-magnetic solid solution of iron and an alloying element. In plain-carbon steel, austenite exists above the critical eutectoid temperature of 1000 K ; other alloys of steel have different eutectoid temperatures....
is slowly cooled below 727°C. The eutectoid composition of Austenite is approximately 0.8% carbon

Carbon

Carbon is a chemical element with chemical symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalence?making four electrons available to form covalent bond chemical bonds....
; steel with less carbon content will contain a corresponding proportion of relatively pure ferrite

Ferrite

Ferrite may refer to:* Ferrite , iron or iron alloys with a body centred cubic crystal structure.* Ferrite , ferrimagnetic ceramic materials used in magnetic applications....
crystallites that do not participate in the eutectoid reaction and cannot transform into pearlite.

The appearance of pearlite under the microscope

Microscope

A microscope is an Laboratory equipment for viewing objects that are too small to be seen by the naked or unaided eye. The science of investigating small objects using such an instrument is called microscopy....
resembles mother of pearl

Nacre

Nacre, also known as mother of pearl, is an organic-inorganic composite material produced by some mollusks as an inner seashell layer. It is strong, resilient, and Iridescence....
(also a lamellar structure), from which it takes its name.

Bainite

Bainite

Bainite is a phase that exists in steel microstructures after certain heat treatments. First described by Davenport ES and Edgar Bain, it is one of the phase transformation that may form when austenite is cooled past a critical temperature of 723 ?C ....
is a similar structure with lamellae much smaller than the wavelength

Wavelength

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