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Passer rating
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Passer rating (known as passing efficiency or pass efficiency in NCAA football) is a measure of the performance of quarterbacks or any other passers in American football and Canadian football. There are at least two formulae currently in use: one officially used by the National Football League and the Canadian Football League, and one used in college football. Passer rating is calculated using each quarterback's completion percentage, passing yardage, touchdowns and interceptions.
NFL's current passer rating (also known as quarterback rating) system was conceived by Pro Football Hall of Fame's retired vice president Don Smith in 1973.
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Encyclopedia
Passer rating (known as passing efficiency or pass efficiency in NCAA football) is a measure of the performance of quarterbacks or any other passers in American football and Canadian football. There are at least two formulae currently in use: one officially used by the National Football League and the Canadian Football League, and one used in college football. Passer rating is calculated using each quarterback's completion percentage, passing yardage, touchdowns and interceptions.
CFL and NFL
The NFL's current passer rating (also known as quarterback rating) system was conceived by Pro Football Hall of Fame's retired vice president Don Smith in 1973. The system is a sliding scale design, where outstanding performances meet diminishing returns faster than sub-par ones. The best passer rating that a quarterback can obtain is 158.3, while the worst is zero. The architects of the passer rating had 66.6 in mind as the "average" score, but as styles of play have changed, so have average passer ratings. The cumulative league-wide average passer rating for the years 2000 through 2003, all inclusive, was 78.9 (the figure is typically rounded to the nearest 1/10 of a point); however in 2004 the league average was 82.8. In 2007, the average was 83.5. Passer rating has been applied to all seasons.
Calculation
Passer rating is determined by four statistical components, each of which is computed as a number between zero and 2.375. The benchmarks for these statistics are based on historical averages. If any of the raw components are beyond the limits of zero or 2.375, the component is set to limiting value of zero or 2.375 as the case may be.
- The component for completion percentage, C, is calculated as:
- The component for yards per attempt, Y, is calculated as:
- The component for touchdowns per attempt, T, is calculated as:
- The component for interceptions per attempt, I, is calculated as:
The four components are then added, divided by 6, and multiplied by 100. Thus, the formula for passer rating can be given as:
.
The Canadian Football League uses the same formula as the NFL.
Perfect and Zero NFL passer ratings
Since each component of passer rating can be at most 2.375, the maximum passer rating is
.
A perfect passer rating therefore comprises all of the following:
- a completion percentage of at least 77.5%:
- at least 12.5 yards per attempt:
- at least 0.11875 touchdowns per attempt, or at most 8.42 attempts per touchdown: and
A zero passer rating comprises all of the following:
- a completion percentage of at most 30%:
- 3 yards per attempt or less:
- at least 9.5 percent interceptions:
A passer who does not throw an interception has a minimum rating of 39.6.
NCAA
Passer rating, known formally in college football as passing efficiency or pass efficiency, is based on player performances. The NCAA passing efficiency formula is:
- The component for completion percentage, C, is calculated as:
- The component for yards per attempt, Y, is calculated as:
- The component for touchdowns per attempt, T, is calculated as:
- The component for interceptions per attempt, I, is calculated as:
The four components are then added. Thus, the formula for passer rating can be given as:
The NCAA passer rating has an upper limit of 1,261.6 and a lower limit of -731.6 (Due to 100% Completion). The upper limit value results if every pass thrown is a 99-yard touchdown and the lower limit if every pass is thrown for a 99-yard loss. A passer who throws only interceptions will have a -200 rating.
Records
CFL
In CFL football Dave Dickenson of the Calgary Stampeders and British Columbia Lions has produced some of the highest professional passing efficiency numbers. Although limited by injuries in 2005, he set two regular season records with a 74 percent completion percentage and an efficiency rating of 118.8. His numbers for the year were: 253-of-342, 3,338 yards, 74% completion rate, 21 touchdowns, five interceptions. He opened the 2006 season by setting a then CFL single-game passing efficiency rating record of 150.61. He capped three of the four criteria for passing efficiency and was 28-of-34, 362 yards, five touchdowns, 0 interceptions. During the 2008 season, Quinton Porter of the Hamilton Tiger Cats became the first quarterback to post a perfect passer rating (158.3) in a single-game. He went 27-of-32, 429 yards, five TDs, 0 INTs.
NFL
Steve Young currently holds the NFL record for the highest career passer rating for any player with at least 1500 attempts with a mark of 96.8. The highest passer rating for a complete season is 121.1 set by Peyton Manning in 2004. Also in 2004, rookie Ben Roethlisberger posted a mark of 98.1, setting a new record for first-year passers. There have been 34 quarterbacks to complete a game with a perfect passer rating of 158.3 (and only four to have accomplished this more than once), the most recent being Kurt Warner in 2008.
NCAA
In NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly division I-A), the career record for passing efficiency is held by Ryan Dinwiddie of Boise State, who had a career mark of 168.9 between 2000 and 2003. The single-season record belongs to Colt Brennan of Hawaii, who amassed a passer rating of 186.0 over the 2006 season, while the freshman record belongs to Michael Vick of Virginia Tech, whose rating during the 1999 season was 180.4. Current NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision passing efficiency ratings can be found .
See also
External links and references
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