Parivara
Encyclopedia
Parivara is the third and last book of the Theravadin
Theravada
Theravada ; literally, "the Teaching of the Elders" or "the Ancient Teaching", is the oldest surviving Buddhist school. It was founded in India...

 Vinaya Pitaka
Vinaya Pitaka
The ' is a Buddhist scripture, one of the three parts that make up the Tripitaka. Its primary subject matter is the monastic rules for monks and nuns...

. It includes a summary and multiple analyses of the various rules identified in the Vinaya Pitaka's first two books, the Suttavibhanga
Suttavibhanga
Suttavibhanga is the first book of the Theravadin Vinaya Pitaka. It is a commentary on the community rules . The general form of the commentary is that each rule is preceded by a story telling how the Buddha came to lay it down, and followed by explanations. Sometimes this includes further...

 and the Khandhaka
Khandhaka
Khandhaka is the second book of the Theravadin Vinaya Pitaka and includes the following two volumes:* Mahavagga:includes accounts of the Buddha's and his great disciples' awakenings, as well as rules for uposatha days and monastic ordination....

, primarily for didactic purposes. As it includes a long list of teachers in Ceylon, even Theravada fundamentalists recognize that, at least in its present form, it is of late date. Scholars give it a late date, some suggesting it may be even later than the Fourth Council
Buddhist councils
Lists and numbering of Buddhist councils vary between and even within schools. The numbering here is normal in Western writings.-First Buddhist council Lists and numbering of Buddhist councils vary between and even within schools. The numbering here is normal in Western writings.-First Buddhist...

 in Ceylon in the last century BCE, at which the Pali Canon
Pāli Canon
The Pāli Canon is the standard collection of scriptures in the Theravada Buddhist tradition, as preserved in the Pāli language. It is the only completely surviving early Buddhist canon, and one of the first to be written down...

 was written down from oral tradition.

Translation: The Book of the Discipline, tr I. B. Horner, volume VI, 1966, Pali Text Society
Pali Text Society
The Pali Text Society was founded in 1881 by T.W. Rhys Davids "to foster and promote the study of Pali texts".Pali is the language in which the texts of the Theravada school of Buddhism is preserved...

http://www.palitext.com, Lancaster

The book is in 19 chapters:
  1. catechisms on the rules of the monks' Patimokkha
    Patimokkha
    In Buddhism, the Patimokkha is the basic Theravada code of monastic discipline, consisting of 227 rules for fully ordained monks and 311 for nuns . It is contained in the Suttavibhanga, a division of the Vinaya Pitaka.- Parajika :...

  2. similar on the nuns' rules
  3. verse summary of origins; an action can be originated by body and/or speech, in each of the three cases with oir without intention, making six origins in all; this chapter goes through all the Patimokkha rules for monks and nuns, saying which of these six are possible
  4. in two parts:
    1. repetitions on types of legal case involved in offences
    2. which rules for settling disputes are to be applied to legal cases
  5. questions on Khandhaka
    Khandhaka
    Khandhaka is the second book of the Theravadin Vinaya Pitaka and includes the following two volumes:* Mahavagga:includes accounts of the Buddha's and his great disciples' awakenings, as well as rules for uposatha days and monastic ordination....

  6. lists arranged numerically (cf. Anguttara Nikaya
    Anguttara Nikaya
    The Anguttara Nikaya is a Buddhist scripture, the fourth of the five nikayas, or collections, in the Sutta Pitaka, which is one of the "three baskets" that comprise the Pali Tipitaka of Theravada Buddhism...

    )
  7. in two parts:
    1. beginning the recitation of the Patimokkha
    2. exposition of reasons for rules
  8. collection of stanzas
  9. on legal cases
  10. additional collection of stanzas (mainly on reproving)
  11. on reproving
  12. lesser collection on disputes
  13. greater collection on disputes
  14. kathina: the process of making up robes
  15. Upali asks the Buddha questions, the answers being lists of five
  16. another chapter on origins
  17. second (sic) collection of stanzas
  18. "sweat-inducing stanzas": a collection of riddles (answers not given here); perhaps intended as exam questions"
  19. in five parts:
    1. formal acts of the sangha
    2. reasons for rules
    3. laying down of rules
    4. what was laid down
    5. nine classifications
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