All Topics  
Paraprotein

 

 
   Email Print
   Bookmark   Link
 

 

Paraprotein
 
 
  Topics Paraprotein Topic Home

A protein
Protein

Proteins are organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid Residue ....
 in the urine
Urine

Urine is a liquid waste product of the body secreted by the kidneys by a process of filtration from blood called urination and excreted through the urethra....
 or blood
Blood

Blood is a specialized bodily fluid that delivers necessary substances to the body's Cell s ? such as nutrients and oxygen ? and transports waste products away from those same cells....
, most often associated with benign MGUS
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance or benign monoclonal gammopathy is a condition in which a low or non-quantifiable level of a monoclonal paraprotein is detected in the blood by means of protein electrophoresis....
 (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance), where they remain "silent", and multiple myeloma
Multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells. These immune system cells are formed in bone marrow, are numerous in lymphatics and produce antibody....
. An excess in the blood is known as paraproteinemia
Paraproteinemia

Paraproteinemia is the presence of excessive amounts of a single monoclonal gammaglobulin in the blood. It denotes an underlying immunoproliferative disorder....
.

These are immunoglobulins or immunoglobulin light-chains that are produced by the clonal proliferation of plasma cell
Plasma cell

Plasma cells, also called plasma B cells or plasmocytes, are White blood cells of the immune system transported by the blood plasma and the lymphatic system....
s. Paraproteins form a narrow band, or 'spike' in protein electrophoresis
Protein electrophoresis

In medicine, protein electrophoresis is a method of analysing a mixture of proteins by means of gel electrophoresis, mainly in blood blood plasma ....
 as they are all exactly the same protein.

Monoclonal free light chains in the serum or urine are called Bence Jones protein
Bence Jones protein

A Bence Jones protein is a monoclonal globulin protein found in the blood or urine, with a molecular weight of 20 Atomic mass unit. Finding this protein in the context of end-organ manifestations such as malignant bone marrow cancer, renal failure, lytic bone disease, or anemia, or large numbers of plasma cells in the bone marrow of patients...
s.








Discussion
Ask a question about 'Paraprotein'
Start a new discussion about 'Paraprotein'
Answer questions from other users
Full Discussion Forum



Encyclopedia


A protein
Protein

Proteins are organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid Residue ....
 in the urine
Urine

Urine is a liquid waste product of the body secreted by the kidneys by a process of filtration from blood called urination and excreted through the urethra....
 or blood
Blood

Blood is a specialized bodily fluid that delivers necessary substances to the body's Cell s ? such as nutrients and oxygen ? and transports waste products away from those same cells....
, most often associated with benign MGUS
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance or benign monoclonal gammopathy is a condition in which a low or non-quantifiable level of a monoclonal paraprotein is detected in the blood by means of protein electrophoresis....
 (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance), where they remain "silent", and multiple myeloma
Multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells. These immune system cells are formed in bone marrow, are numerous in lymphatics and produce antibody....
. An excess in the blood is known as paraproteinemia
Paraproteinemia

Paraproteinemia is the presence of excessive amounts of a single monoclonal gammaglobulin in the blood. It denotes an underlying immunoproliferative disorder....
.

These are immunoglobulins or immunoglobulin light-chains that are produced by the clonal proliferation of plasma cell
Plasma cell

Plasma cells, also called plasma B cells or plasmocytes, are White blood cells of the immune system transported by the blood plasma and the lymphatic system....
s. Paraproteins form a narrow band, or 'spike' in protein electrophoresis
Protein electrophoresis

In medicine, protein electrophoresis is a method of analysing a mixture of proteins by means of gel electrophoresis, mainly in blood blood plasma ....
 as they are all exactly the same protein.

Monoclonal free light chains in the serum or urine are called Bence Jones protein
Bence Jones protein

A Bence Jones protein is a monoclonal globulin protein found in the blood or urine, with a molecular weight of 20 Atomic mass unit. Finding this protein in the context of end-organ manifestations such as malignant bone marrow cancer, renal failure, lytic bone disease, or anemia, or large numbers of plasma cells in the bone marrow of patients...
s.

History

The concept and term were introduced by the Berlin
Berlin

Berlin is the Capital of Germany city and one of sixteen States of Germany of Germany. With a population of 3.4 million within its city limits, Berlin is the country's largest city....
 pathologist Dr Kurt Apitz in 1940, at that time the Oberarzt of the pathological institute at the Charité
Charité

File:Charit? .jpgFile:Freie Universitaet Berlin - Universitaetsklinikum Benjamin-Franklin der Charite - Nordseite 1.jpgFile:Herzzentrum-b.jpgFile:Charite - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin - locations.JPG...
 hospital.

Paraproteins allowed the detailed study of immunoglobulins, which eventually led to the production of monoclonal antibodies
Monoclonal antibodies

Monoclonal antibodies are monospecific antibody that are identical because they are produced by one type of white blood cell that are all cloning of a single parent cell....
 in 1975.

External links



See also

  • Tuftsin
    Tuftsin

    Tuftsin is a tetrapeptide produced by enzymatic cleavage of the Fc-domain of the heavy chain of immunoglobulin G. It is produced primarily in the spleen....