Papworth Hospital
Encyclopedia
Papworth Hospital is a heart and lung hospital in Cambridgeshire
, England
. It was home to the first successful heart transplant
in the UK and one of the world's first beating-heart transplants.
. From the 1950s, surgical facilities developed, beginning with thoracic (chest/lung) surgery and expanding to cardiac surgery. Today, Papworth is the UK's main heart/lung transplant centre.
Original historical documents relating to Papworth Hospital, the Village Settlement and the TB colony are today held by Cambridgeshire Archives and Local Studies
at the County Record Office in Cambridge
.
Those based in the Chest Medical Unit:
Those based in the main building:
The Hospital was given the all-clear on 19 November 2007 after the Healthcare Commission
ruled the quality of care was good.
next to Addenbrooke's Hospital
in Cambridge
, have now been agreed. The infrastructure to accommodate the increase in traffic has now been started and the move is currently scheduled to take place in 2013.
Cambridgeshire
Cambridgeshire is a county in England, bordering Lincolnshire to the north, Norfolk to the northeast, Suffolk to the east, Essex and Hertfordshire to the south, and Bedfordshire and Northamptonshire to the west...
, England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
. It was home to the first successful heart transplant
Heart transplantation
A heart transplant, or a cardiac transplantation, is a surgical transplant procedure performed on patients with end-stage heart failure or severe coronary artery disease. As of 2007 the most common procedure was to take a working heart from a recently deceased organ donor and implant it into the...
in the UK and one of the world's first beating-heart transplants.
History
The hospital was founded in 1917 as a sanatorium and hospital for the treatment of tuberculosisTuberculosis
Tuberculosis, MTB, or TB is a common, and in many cases lethal, infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis usually attacks the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body...
. From the 1950s, surgical facilities developed, beginning with thoracic (chest/lung) surgery and expanding to cardiac surgery. Today, Papworth is the UK's main heart/lung transplant centre.
Original historical documents relating to Papworth Hospital, the Village Settlement and the TB colony are today held by Cambridgeshire Archives and Local Studies
Cambridgeshire Archives and Local Studies
Cambridgeshire Archives and Local Studies Service is a UK local government institution which collects and preserves archives, other historical documents and printed material relating to the modern county of Cambridgeshire, which includes the former counties of Huntingdonshire and the Isle of Ely...
at the County Record Office in Cambridge
Cambridge
The city of Cambridge is a university town and the administrative centre of the county of Cambridgeshire, England. It lies in East Anglia about north of London. Cambridge is at the heart of the high-technology centre known as Silicon Fen – a play on Silicon Valley and the fens surrounding the...
.
Services
The Papworth site has two main building complexes: the main building (providing cardiology and all surgical services, together with the intensive care unit) and the Chest Medical Unit (providing respiratory medicine services). Subspecialities include:Those based in the Chest Medical Unit:
- the Respiratory Support and Sleep Centre, providing services for patients with sleep disorders (including common disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea and less common ones such as narcolepsyNarcolepsyNarcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder, or dyssomnia, characterized by excessive sleepiness and sleep attacks at inappropriate times, such as while at work. People with narcolepsy often experience disturbed nocturnal sleep and an abnormal daytime sleep pattern, which often is confused with insomnia...
) and those with ventilatory failure (from conditions such as COPDChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseChronic obstructive pulmonary disease , also known as chronic obstructive lung disease , chronic obstructive airway disease , chronic airflow limitation and chronic obstructive respiratory disease , is the co-occurrence of chronic bronchitis and emphysema, a pair of commonly co-existing diseases...
or neuromuscular disorders including motor neuron disease and poliomyelitisPoliomyelitisPoliomyelitis, often called polio or infantile paralysis, is an acute viral infectious disease spread from person to person, primarily via the fecal-oral route...
). The service provides non-invasive ventilationMechanical ventilationIn medicine, mechanical ventilation is a method to mechanically assist or replace spontaneous breathing. This may involve a machine called a ventilator or the breathing may be assisted by a physician, respiratory therapist or other suitable person compressing a bag or set of bellows...
and also accepts referrals from other intensive care units to wean patients from invasive ventilation; - the pulmonary hypertensionPulmonary hypertensionIn medicine, pulmonary hypertension is an increase in blood pressure in the pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, or pulmonary capillaries, together known as the lung vasculature, leading to shortness of breath, dizziness, fainting, and other symptoms, all of which are exacerbated by exertion...
(PH) service (Papworth is one of the four UK Pulmonary Hypertension centres and the only one providing pulmonary thromboendarterectomyPulmonary thromboendarterectomyIn thoracic surgery, a pulmonary thromboendarterectomy, PTE, is an operation that removes organized clotted blood from the pulmonary arteries.-Indication:...
); - the adult cystic fibrosisCystic fibrosisCystic fibrosis is a recessive genetic disease affecting most critically the lungs, and also the pancreas, liver, and intestine...
service; - the Lung Defense service, for patients with recurrent lung infection, including those with bronchiectasisBronchiectasisBronchiectasis is a disease state defined by localized, irreversible dilation of part of the bronchial tree caused by destruction of the muscle and elastic tissue. It is classified as an obstructive lung disease, along with emphysema, bronchitis, asthma, and cystic fibrosis...
and immunodeficiencyImmunodeficiencyImmunodeficiency is a state in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease is compromised or entirely absent. Immunodeficiency may also decrease cancer immunosurveillance. Most cases of immunodeficiency are acquired but some people are born with defects in their immune system,...
; - the thoracic oncologyOncologyOncology is a branch of medicine that deals with cancer...
(lung cancerLung cancerLung cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. If left untreated, this growth can spread beyond the lung in a process called metastasis into nearby tissue and, eventually, into other parts of the body. Most cancers that start in lung, known as primary...
) service; - the ataxia telangiectasiaAtaxia telangiectasiaAtaxia telangiectasia is a rare, neurodegenerative, inherited disease that affects many parts of the body and causes severe disability. Ataxia refers to poor coordination and telangiectasia to small dilated blood vessels, both of which are hallmarks of the disease...
service; - services for patients with pulmonary fibrosisPulmonary fibrosisPulmonary fibrosis is the formation or development of excess fibrous connective tissue in the lungs. It is also described as "scarring of the lung".-Symptoms:Symptoms of pulmonary fibrosis are mainly:...
, vasculitisVasculitisVasculitis refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders that are characterized by inflammatory destruction of blood vessels. Both arteries and veins are affected. Lymphangitis is sometimes considered a type of vasculitis...
, and rare diseases including Wegener's granulomatosisWegener's granulomatosisWegener's granulomatosis , more recently granulomatosis with polyangiitis , is an incurable form of vasculitis that affects the nose, lungs, kidneys and other organs. Due to its end-organ damage, it is life-threatening and requires long-term immunosuppression...
and pulmonary alveolar proteinosisPulmonary alveolar proteinosisPulmonary alveolar proteinosis is a rare lung disease in which abnormal accumulation of surfactant occurs within the alveoli, interfering with gas exchange. PAP can occur in a primary form or secondarily in the settings of malignancy , pulmonary infection, or environmental exposure to dusts or...
.
Those based in the main building:
- cardiac surgeryCardiac surgeryCardiovascular surgery is surgery on the heart or great vessels performed by cardiac surgeons. Frequently, it is done to treat complications of ischemic heart disease , correct congenital heart disease, or treat valvular heart disease from various causes including endocarditis, rheumatic heart...
, including heart transplantationHeart transplantationA heart transplant, or a cardiac transplantation, is a surgical transplant procedure performed on patients with end-stage heart failure or severe coronary artery disease. As of 2007 the most common procedure was to take a working heart from a recently deceased organ donor and implant it into the...
, coronary artery bypass graftingCoronary artery bypass surgeryCoronary artery bypass surgery, also coronary artery bypass graft surgery, and colloquially heart bypass or bypass surgery is a surgical procedure performed to relieve angina and reduce the risk of death from coronary artery disease...
, heart valveHeart valveA heart valve normally allows blood flow in only one direction through the heart. The four valves commonly represented in a mammalian heart determine the pathway of blood flow through the heart...
surgery, and pulmonary thromboendarterectomyPulmonary thromboendarterectomyIn thoracic surgery, a pulmonary thromboendarterectomy, PTE, is an operation that removes organized clotted blood from the pulmonary arteries.-Indication:...
; - thoracic surgeryThoracic surgeryThoracic surgery is the field of medicine involved in the surgical treatment of diseases affecting organs inside the thorax . Generally treatment of conditions of the lungs, chest wall, and diaphragm....
, including lung cancerLung cancerLung cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. If left untreated, this growth can spread beyond the lung in a process called metastasis into nearby tissue and, eventually, into other parts of the body. Most cancers that start in lung, known as primary...
resection and lung transplantationLung transplantationLung transplantation, or pulmonary transplantation is a surgical procedure in which a patient's diseased lungs are partially or totally replaced by lungs which come from a donor...
; - cardiologyCardiologyCardiology is a medical specialty dealing with disorders of the heart . The field includes diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease and electrophysiology...
, including coronary angiography and coronary angioplasty, plus facilities for cardiac electrophysiologyCardiac electrophysiologyCardiac electrophysiology is the science of elucidating, diagnosing, and treating the electrical activities of the heart. The term is usually used to describe studies of such phenomena by invasive catheter recording of spontaneous activity as well as of cardiac responses to programmed electrical...
, aberrant conduction pathway ablation, pacemakerArtificial pacemakerA pacemaker is a medical device that uses electrical impulses, delivered by electrodes contacting the heart muscles, to regulate the beating of the heart...
insertion, implantable cardiac defibrillator, transcatheter structural heart procedures such as valve implantation - intensive care services.
Suspension of transplants
On 2 November 2007 it was announced that Papworth Hospital would suspend heart transplant activities while an investigation was undertaken into an unexplained rise in recipient mortality rates.The Hospital was given the all-clear on 19 November 2007 after the Healthcare Commission
Healthcare Commission
The Healthcare Commission was a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department of Health of the United Kingdom. It was set up to promote and drive improvement in the quality of health care and public health in England and Wales...
ruled the quality of care was good.
Future plans
The plans to move the hospital onto the bio-medical campusCambridge Bio-Medical Campus
Cambridge Bio-Medical Campus, located at the southwest end of Hills Road on the southern edge of Cambridge, England, is one of the largest centres of health science and medical research in Europe...
next to Addenbrooke's Hospital
Addenbrooke's Hospital
Addenbrooke's Hospital is an internationally renowned teaching hospital in Cambridge, England, with strong links to the University of Cambridge. It was founded in 1766 on Trumpington Street with £4,500 from the will of Dr John Addenbrooke, a fellow of St Catharine's College...
in Cambridge
Cambridge
The city of Cambridge is a university town and the administrative centre of the county of Cambridgeshire, England. It lies in East Anglia about north of London. Cambridge is at the heart of the high-technology centre known as Silicon Fen – a play on Silicon Valley and the fens surrounding the...
, have now been agreed. The infrastructure to accommodate the increase in traffic has now been started and the move is currently scheduled to take place in 2013.