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The Palmach (Hebrew
Hebrew language

Hebrew is a Semitic languages of the Afro-Asiatic languages. Modern Hebrew is spoken by more than seven million people in Israel and Classical Hebrew is used for prayer or study in Jews communities around the world....
: ???"?, acronym for Plugot Ma?atz (Hebrew: ?????? ???), lit. "strike force") was the regular fighting force of the Haganah
Haganah

Haganah was a Jewish paramilitary organization in what was then the British Mandate of Palestine from 1920 to 1948, which later became the core of the Israel Defense Forces....
, the unofficial army of the Yishuv
Yishuv

Yishuv or Ha-Yishuv A distinction is sometimes drawn between the Old Yishuv and the New Yishuv.The Old Yishuv refers to all the Jews living there before the aliyah of 1882 by the Zionist movement....
 (Jewish community) during the period of the British Mandate of Palestine. The Palmach was established on May 15, 1941. By the outbreak of the Israeli War of Independence in 1948, it consisted of three fighting brigade
Brigade

A brigade is a military unit that is typically composed of two to five regiments or battalions, depending on the era and nationality of a given army....
s and auxiliary aerial, naval and intelligence units.

The Palmach contributed significantly to Israeli culture and ethos, well beyond its military contribution.






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The Palmach (Hebrew
Hebrew language

Hebrew is a Semitic languages of the Afro-Asiatic languages. Modern Hebrew is spoken by more than seven million people in Israel and Classical Hebrew is used for prayer or study in Jews communities around the world....
: ???"?, acronym for Plugot Ma?atz (Hebrew: ?????? ???), lit. "strike force") was the regular fighting force of the Haganah
Haganah

Haganah was a Jewish paramilitary organization in what was then the British Mandate of Palestine from 1920 to 1948, which later became the core of the Israel Defense Forces....
, the unofficial army of the Yishuv
Yishuv

Yishuv or Ha-Yishuv A distinction is sometimes drawn between the Old Yishuv and the New Yishuv.The Old Yishuv refers to all the Jews living there before the aliyah of 1882 by the Zionist movement....
 (Jewish community) during the period of the British Mandate of Palestine. The Palmach was established on May 15, 1941. By the outbreak of the Israeli War of Independence in 1948, it consisted of three fighting brigade
Brigade

A brigade is a military unit that is typically composed of two to five regiments or battalions, depending on the era and nationality of a given army....
s and auxiliary aerial, naval and intelligence units.

The Palmach contributed significantly to Israeli culture and ethos, well beyond its military contribution. Its members formed the backbone of the Israel Defense Forces
Israel Defense Forces

The Israel Defense Forces , commonly known in Israel by the Hebrew Acronym and initialism Tzahal , are Israel's military forces, comprising the GOC Army Headquarters, Israeli Air Force and Israeli navy....
 high command for many years, and were prominent in Israeli politics, literature and culture.

History

The Palmach was established by the British military and Haganah
Haganah

Haganah was a Jewish paramilitary organization in what was then the British Mandate of Palestine from 1920 to 1948, which later became the core of the Israel Defense Forces....
 on May 15, 1941 to help the British protect Palestine from the Nazi
Nazism

Nazism, officially National Socialism , refers to the ideology and practices of the National Socialist German Workers? Party under Adolf Hitler, and the policies adopted by the dictatorial government of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945....
 German threat. They were also to assist Allied
Allies of World War II

The Allies of World War II were the countries officially opposed to the Axis powers of World War II during the World War II. Within the ranks of the Allies powers, the British Empire, the Soviet Union, and the United States of America were known as "The Big Three"....
 forces with the planned invasion of Syria
Syria

Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is an Arab-majority country in Southwest Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Israel to the southwest, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north....
 and Lebanon
Lebanon

Lebanon , officially the Republic of Lebanon or Lebanese Republic , is a country in Western Asia, on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea....
, then held by Vichy French forces. British experts trained the Palmach special soldiers and equipped them with small arms and explosives. However, after the Allied victory at the Second Battle of El Alamein
Second Battle of El Alamein

The Second Battle of El Alamein marked a major turning point in the Western Desert Campaign of World War II. The battle lasted from 23 October to 5 November 1942....
 in 1943, the British ordered the dismantling of Palmach. Instead the whole organization went underground.

Since British funding had stopped, Yitzhak Tabenkin
Yitzhak Tabenkin

Yitzhak Tabenkin was a Zionist activist and Israeli politician. He was one of the founders of the Kibbutz Movement and the Movement for Greater Israel....
, head of the Kibbutz
Kibbutz

A kibbutz is a Intentional community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture. The kibbutz is a form of communal living that combines socialism and Zionism....
im union suggested Palmach could be self-funding by letting the warriors work in the Kibbutzim. Each Kibbutz would host a Palmach platoon
Platoon

A platoon is a military unit typically composed of two to four Section or squads and containing about 30 to 50 soldiers. Platoons are organised into a company , which typically consists of three, four or five platoons....
 and supply them with food, homes and resources. In return the platoon would safeguard the kibbutz and carry out work such as agricultural
Agriculture

Agriculture refers to the production of food and goods through farming and forestry. Agriculture was the key development that led to the rise of civilization, with the animal husbandry of domestication animals and plants creating food surpluses that enabled the development of more Population density and Social stratification societies....
 work. The proposal was accepted in August 1942, when it was also decided that each month Palmach members would have eight training days, 14 work days and seven days off.

Combining military training with agricultural work meant:
  1. Maintenance of an independent, easily mobilized military force.
  2. A force in which members' labor funded 80% of Palmach's budget. Money from Haganah was dedicated to weapons and training.
  3. The force would be hard to track down.
  4. Easier recruitment of people from Kibbutzim and Moshav
    Moshav

    Moshav is a type of Israeli settlement, in particular a type of cooperative agricultural community of individual farms settlered by the Labor Zionisms during the second aliyah ....
    im.
  5. The creation of groups of settlers, who could form the base for future settlements.
  6. Education of soldiers in Zionist values.


The program of combined military
Military

A military is an organization authorized by its nation to use force, usually including use of weapons, in defending its country by combating actual or Threat of force ....
 training, agricultural
Agriculture

Agriculture refers to the production of food and goods through farming and forestry. Agriculture was the key development that led to the rise of civilization, with the animal husbandry of domestication animals and plants creating food surpluses that enabled the development of more Population density and Social stratification societies....
 work and Zionist education was called "Hach'shara Meguyeset" ????? ?????? (meaning "Drafted/Recruited Training").

Later on, it was agreed with the Zionist youth movements that each person from the ages of 18-20 ("Gar'een
Nahal

Nahal is an Israel Defense Forces infantry brigade. Historically, it refers to a program that combines military service and establishment of new agricultural settlements, often in outlying areas....
" meaning "nucleus" or "core group") would undergo training. This was the base for the Nahal
Nahal

Nahal is an Israel Defense Forces infantry brigade. Historically, it refers to a program that combines military service and establishment of new agricultural settlements, often in outlying areas....
 settlements. The training enabled Palmach to expand its numbers and recruit more people to its lines.

Basic training included physical fitness
Physical fitness

Physical fitness is used in two close meanings: general fitness and specific fitness .Physical fitness is the functioning of the heart, blood vessels, lungs, and muscles at optimum efficiency....
, small arms
Small arms

Small arms is a general term used by the armed forces to refer to infantry weapons, such as the firearms that an individual soldier can carry....
, mêlée
Mêlée

Melee generally refers to disorganized close combat involving a group of fighters. A melee ensues when groups become locked together in combat with no regard to group tactics or fighting as an organized unit; each participant fights as an individual....
 and Kapap
Kapap

Kapap , short for Krav Panim el Panim, translated as "face to face combat", is a combat system of defensive tactics, hand-to-hand combat and self defense, which was further developed into it's modern version of Kapap Combat Concepts....
, basic marine training, topography
Topography

Topography is the study of Earth's surface shape and features or those ofplanets, Natural satellite, and asteroids. It is also the description of such surface shapes and features ....
, first aid
First aid

First aid is the provision of initial care for an illness or injury. It is usually performed by a layman to a sick or injured Casualty until definitive medical treatment can be accessed....
 and squad operations. Most of the Palmach members received advance training in one or more of the following areas: sabotage
Sabotage

Sabotage is a deliberate action aimed at weakening an enemy, oppressor or employer through subversion, obstruction, disruption, and/or destruction....
 and explosives, reconnaissance
Reconnaissance

Reconnaissance is a military and medical term denoting exploration conducted to gain information. Militarily, its shorthand Australian, Canadian, and British form is recce , its American usage form is recon ....
, sniping
Sniper

A sniper is usually a highly trained marksman that shoots targets from Concealment positions or distances exceeding the capabilities of regular personnel....
, communication
Communication

Communication is commonly defined as "the imparting or interchange of thoughts, opinions, or information by speech, writing, or signs...",, 1: an act or instance of transmitting and 3 a: "a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or beha...
s and radio
Radio

Radio is the transmission of signals, by modulation of electromagnetic radiation with frequency below those of visible light.Electromagnetic radiation radio propagation by means of oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and the vacuum of space....
, light and medium machine gun
Machine gun

A machine gun is a Automatic firearm mounted or portable firearm, usually designed to fire List of rifle cartridgess in quick succession from an Belt or large-capacity Magazine , typically at a rate of several hundred rounds per minute....
s, and operating 2-inch and 3-inch mortars
Mortar (weapon)

A mortar is a Muzzleloader indirect fire weapon that fires shell at low velocities, short ranges, and high-arcing Ballistics trajectories. It typically has a barrel length less than 15 times its caliber....
. Platoon training included long marches, combined live-fire drills with artillery support and machine guns and mortars.

Palmach put emphasis on training independent and broadminded field commanders
Palmach

The Palmach was the regular fighting force of the Haganah, the unofficial army of the Yishuv during the period of the British Mandate of Palestine....
 who would take the initiative and set an example for their troops. Palmach trained squad commanders and company commanders. The major commanders training course was in the Palmach and many Haganah
Haganah

Haganah was a Jewish paramilitary organization in what was then the British Mandate of Palestine from 1920 to 1948, which later became the core of the Israel Defense Forces....
 commanders were sent to be trained in the Palmach. The Palmach commanders' course was the source for many field commanders which were the backbone of Haganah
Haganah

Haganah was a Jewish paramilitary organization in what was then the British Mandate of Palestine from 1920 to 1948, which later became the core of the Israel Defense Forces....
, and, later, the Israeli Defense Forces.

Between 1945 and 1946, Palmach units carried out attacks against British infrastructure such as bridge
Bridge

A bridge is a structure built to span a gorge, valley, road, Rail tracks, river, body of water, or any other physical obstacle, for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle....
s, railways, radar
Radar

Radar is a system that uses electromagnetic radiation waves to identify the range, altitude, direction, or speed of both moving and fixed objects such as aircraft, ships, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain....
 stations and police station
Police station

A police station or stationhouse is a building which serves to accommodate police officers and other members of staff. These buildings often contain offices and accommodation for personnel and vehicles, along with locker rooms, temporary Prison cell and interrogation rooms....
s. Such activities ceased, however, after "Black Sabbath
Operation Agatha

Operation Agatha sometimes called Black Shabbat or Black Saturday because it began on the Jewish Shabbat, was a police and military operation conducted by the United Kingdom authorities in the British Mandate of Palestine....
" (June 29, 1946), when British forces carried out mass arrests of Palmach and Haganah leaders.

Palmach units took a major part in the 1948 Arab-Israeli war
1948 Arab-Israeli War

The 1948 Arab-Israeli War, known by the Israelis predominantly as War of Independence and War of Liberation , and by Palestinians as the Catastrophe , was the first in a series of wars fought between the Declaration of Independence State of Israel and its Arab neighbours in the long-running Arab-Israeli conflict....
. At the beginning of the war, Palmach units were responsible for holding Jewish settlements (such as Gush Etzion
Gush Etzion

Gush Etzion refers to a group of Jewish villages established from the 1920s south of Jerusalem on the northern part of Mount Hebron in the southern West Bank, and destroyed during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War....
, Kfar Darom
Kfar Darom

Kfar Darom was a kibbutz and Israeli settlement within the Gush Katif bloc in the Gaza Strip....
 and Revivim
Revivim

Revivim is a kibbutz in the Negev desert in southern Israel. Located around half an hour south of Beersheba, it falls under the jurisdiction of Ramat HaNegev Regional Council....
) against Arab militia
Militia

The term militia is commonly used today to refer to a military force composed of ordinary citizens to provide defense, emergency law enforcement, or paramilitary service, in times of emergency without being paid a regular salary or committed to a fixed term of service....
s. Although inferior in numbers and arms, Palmach soldiers held out long enough to let Haganah mobilise the Jewish population and prepare for war.

After the establishment of the Israeli Defence Forces, the Palmach was dissolved into two IDF brigades - the Negev Brigade
Negev Brigade

The 12th Negev Brigade was an Israeli infantry brigade that served in the 1948 Arab-Israeli war. It was commanded by Nahum Sarig and consisted of four Palmach battalions....
 and Yiftach Brigade
Yiftach Brigade

The Yiftach Brigade was an Israeli infantry brigade. It included three Palmach battalions and the 54th Reconnaissance Battalion ....
. The Negev and Yiftah Brigades fought in the Negev
Negev

The Negev is a desert and semidesert region of southern Israel. The indigenous Negev Bedouin inhabitants of the region refer to the desert as al-Naqab ....
 against the Egyptian army
Egyptian Army

The Egyptian Army is the largest service branch within the Military of Egypt. It is estimated to number around 340,000, plus around 375,000 reservists for a total of 655-715,000....
 and managed to stop and later repulse them into the Gaza Strip
Gaza Strip

The Gaza Strip is a coastal strip of land along the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Egypt on the south-west and Israel on the south, east and north....
 and Sharm El Sheikh. Yiftah Brigade later was transferred to the north.

Military organization

The Palmach was organised into regular companies (six in 1943), and five or six special units.

Palmach special units included:
  • Ha-Machlaka Ha-Germanit: the "German Department", (aka the Middle East Commando) it performed covert operations and sabotage operations against Nazi
    Nazism

    Nazism, officially National Socialism , refers to the ideology and practices of the National Socialist German Workers? Party under Adolf Hitler, and the policies adopted by the dictatorial government of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945....
     infrastructure in the Middle East
    Middle East

    File:GreaterMiddleEast1.pngThe Middle East is a region that spans southwestern Asia, western Asia, and northeastern Africa. It has no clear boundaries, often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East....
     and the Balkans
    Balkans

    The Balkans is the historical name of a geographic subregion of southeastern Europe. The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains, which run through the centre of Bulgaria into eastern Serbia....
    .
  • Ha-Machlaka Ha-Aravit: the "Arab Department", it performed covert operations and espionage missions against Arab militias, which frequently attacked Jewish settlements. It was the base for the Israeli Defense Forces's and the Border Police
    Israel Border Police

    The Israel Border Police is the military branch of the Israeli Police. It is also commonly known by its Hebrew abbreviation Magav , meaning border guard, whilst its members are colloquially known as Magavnikim ....
    's "Mistaarvim" units.
  • Palyam
    Palyam

    Palyam was the sea force of the Palmach....
    : (Sea Companies)the naval force of the Palmach was formed in 1943, attached to the Palmach's Staff Battalion (the 4th Battalion). They were in charge of underwater demolition and maritime activity units. The majority of their activities were related to the escorting of ships of Aliyah Bet, immigration ships (66 of them in all) bringing Jewish refugees from Europe
    Europe

    Europe is, conventionally, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural , the Caspian Sea, and by the Caucasus Mountains to the southeast....
     by boat, despite the British White Paper of 1939
    White Paper of 1939

    The White Paper of 1939, also known as the MacDonald White Paper after Malcolm MacDonald, the United Kingdom Secretary of State for the Colonies who presided over it, was a White paper issued by the British government under Neville Chamberlain in which the idea of partitioning the Palestine , as recommended in the Peel Commission of 19...
     which introduced restrictions on Jewish immigration to Palestine.
  • Sabotage Units: explosives experts who became the basis for the Israeli Engineering Corps
    Israeli Engineering Corps

    The Israeli Combat Engineering Corps is the combat engineering forces of the Israel Defense Forces.The Combat Engineering Corps beret's color is silver and their symbol features a sword on a defensive tower with a explosion Halo on the background....
     in the IDF.
  • Palavir
    Palavir

    The Palavir, an acronym for Plugat HaAvir was the air force for the Palmach, based in Tel Aviv. Little is known about the Palmach's flying platoon due to its short life and its secrecy during the British Mandate....
     (The Air Companies): made up of Jewish pilots, the Palmach air force was the basis for the Israeli Air Force
    Israeli Air Force

    The Israeli Air Force is the air force of the Israel Defense Forces. The current Commander in Chief is Aluf Ido Nehoshtan. The Israeli Air Force has approximately 700 aircraft....
    . They did not have any aircraft until 1948, when they obtained light planes for scouting operations.


The Palmach put an emphasis on training field commanders (????? ???) and became the basis for the Israeli army.

During the 1948-49 War of Independence the Palmach was expanded to form three infantry brigades commanded by Yigal Allon:

  • Yiftach, with three battalions operating in Eastern Galilee
  • Harel, with three battalions operating in the Jerusalem area. Yitzhak Rabin (then age 26) commanded the Harel Brigade.
  • HaNegev, with four battalions, one of which was the jeep mounted "Negev Beasts"


There was also the Headquarters Battalion which controlled naval, air and commando companies.

The battlecry of the Palmach commander was "!????" (Aharai), which literally means "after me!" or "follow me!". It refers to the commander leading his troops instead of sending them out and staying behind.

In politics and culture

The Palmach was a left-wing organisation, associated with left-wing parties. Its members trained and lived in Kibbutz
Kibbutz

A kibbutz is a Intentional community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture. The kibbutz is a form of communal living that combines socialism and Zionism....
im, which were generally left-sympathetic. The political tendencies of its leaders such as Yigal Allon and Yitzhak Sadeh
Yitzhak Sadeh

Yitzhak Sadeh , was the commander of the Palmach, one of the founders of the Israel Defense Forces at the time of the establishment of the State of Israel and a cousin of British philosopher Isaiah Berlin....
 was towards Mapam
Mapam

Mapam was a List of political parties in Israel in Israel and is one of the ancestors of the modern-day Meretz-Yachad party....
, a left-wing party in opposition to David Ben-Gurion
David Ben-Gurion

was the first Prime Minister of Israel. Ben-Gurion's passion for Zionism, which began early in life, culminated in his instrumental role in the founding of the state of Israel....
 and the Mapai
Mapai

Mapai was a Left-wing politics List of political parties in Israel in Israel, and was the dominant force in Israeli politics until its merger into the Israeli Labor Party in 1968....
 ruling party. Those tendencies caused Ben-Gurion to order the dissolving of Palmach in 1948.

Palmach members were not, however, a unified, homogeneous collective with a single ideology. In the early years of the state of Israel they could be found in all political parties.

Yigal Allon, considered by many to be the representative of the Palmach generation, never properly reached a position of national leadership, although he was Prime Minister for a few days between Eshkol's
Levi Eshkol

served as the third Prime Minister of Israel from 1963 until his death from a myocardial infarction in 1969. He was the first Israeli Prime Minister to die in office....
 death and Meir's
Golda Meir

Golda Meir was the fourth prime minister of the Israel.Meir was elected Prime Minister of Israel on 17 March 1969, after serving as Minister of Labour and Foreign Minister....
 appointment in 1969. He died in 1980.

Besides military contributions, the Palmach had great influence over the Israeli "Tzabar" culture. Palmach activities included "Kumzitz" (sitting around a fire at night, eating, talking and having fun), public singing and cross-country walking trips. These often took on mythical proportions and have become favorite activities for Israelis.

The Palmach also contributed many anecdotes, jokes, "chizbat" (short funny tales, often based on exaggerations), songs and even books and stories.

Notable Palmach cultural figures include:
  • Netiva Ben Yehuda - journalist, writer, radio
    Radio

    Radio is the transmission of signals, by modulation of electromagnetic radiation with frequency below those of visible light.Electromagnetic radiation radio propagation by means of oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and the vacuum of space....
     host
  • Haim Hefer
    Haim Hefer

    Haim Hefer is an Israeli songwriter, poet and writer....
     - poet, writer
  • Haim Guri - poet, writer
  • Moshe Shamir
    Moshe Shamir

    Moshe Shamir was an Israeli author, playwright, opinion writer, and public figure. He was one of the most important Israeli writers of modern times....
     - writer, playwright
  • Hannah Szenes
    Hannah Szenes

    Hannah Szenes was a Hungary Jew, one of 37 Jews living in Palestine, now Israel, who were trained by the British army to paratroop into Yugoslavia during the Second World War in order to help save the History of the Jews in Hungary, who were about to be deported to the German death camp at Auschwitz concentration camp....
     (Senesh) - poet
  • Dahn Ben Amotz - writer, journalist
  • Shaike Ofir
    Shaike Ofir

    Shaike Ophir was an Israelis film actor, mime and comedian, considered one of the most important entertainers in Israel from the fifties up to the eighties....
     - actor


Notable Palmachniks

  • High command:
    • Eliyahu Golumb - general commander of Haganah
      Haganah

      Haganah was a Jewish paramilitary organization in what was then the British Mandate of Palestine from 1920 to 1948, which later became the core of the Israel Defense Forces....
    • Yitzhak Sadeh
      Yitzhak Sadeh

      Yitzhak Sadeh , was the commander of the Palmach, one of the founders of the Israel Defense Forces at the time of the establishment of the State of Israel and a cousin of British philosopher Isaiah Berlin....
       - general commander of Palmach
    • Giora Shanan
      Giora Shanan

      Giora Shanan b. 5 May 1908 d 9 November 2001, Palmach member from 1941. Served in the Palmach Headquarters as Deputy Palmach Commander....
       - lieutenant general deputy commander of the Palmach
    • David Nammeri - lieutenant general commander of the Palmach
    • Yohanan Retner - strategy officer
    • Moshe Bar-Tikva - training officer
    • Yitzhak Rabin
      Yitzhak Rabin

      was an Israeli politician and general. He was the fifth Prime Minister of Israel, serving two terms in office, 1974–1977 and 1992 until his assassination in 1995....
  • Special units commanders:
    • Shimon Koch Avidan - commander of the "German Department"
    • Israel Ben-Yehuda - commander of the "Arab Department"
    • Yigal Allon
      Yigal Allon

      Yigal Allon was an Israeli politician, a commander of the Palmach, and a general in the Israel Defense Forces. He served as one of the leaders of Ahdut HaAvoda and the Labor Party ), acting Prime Minister of Israel, as well as being a member of Knesset and government minister from the tenth through the seventeenth Knessets....
       - commander of the "Syrian Department"
  • Company
    Company (military unit)

    A company is a military unit, typically consisting of 75-200 soldiers. Most companies are formed of three to five platoons although the exact number may vary by country, unit type, and structure....
     commanders (as of 1943):
    • Yigal Allon
      Yigal Allon

      Yigal Allon was an Israeli politician, a commander of the Palmach, and a general in the Israel Defense Forces. He served as one of the leaders of Ahdut HaAvoda and the Labor Party ), acting Prime Minister of Israel, as well as being a member of Knesset and government minister from the tenth through the seventeenth Knessets....
      , Zalman Mars - Pluga Aleph commanders
    • Moshe Dayan
      Moshe Dayan

      Moshe Dayan, was an Israeli military leader and politician. The fourth Ramatkal of the Israel Defense Forces , he became a fighting symbol to the world of the new Israel....
      , Meir Davidson, Uri Brener - Pluga Beth commanders
    • Uri Yafeh - Pluga Gimel commander
    • Benjamin Goldstein Tzur - Pluga Dalet commander
    • Abraham Negev - Pluga Hey commander
    • Israel Livertovski, Shinon Koch Avidan - Pluga Vav commander
    • Yehuda. L. Ben-Tzur - Palyam commander
    • Shmuel Tankus
      Shmuel Tankus

      Aluf Shmuel "Shmulik" Tankus was the fifth commander of the Israeli Sea Corps, serving from 30 June 1954 until 1960.Tankus was born in 1914 in the Neve Shalom district of Jaffa....
    • Shmuel Yanai
      Shmuel Yanai

      Shmuel "Samek" Yanai is a former Israeli naval commander and today chair of the Atlit Museum of Illegal Immigration....
       - Palyam commander


Palmach Museum

There is a museum dedicated to the remembering of the Palmach in Tel Aviv, Israel. It is an experiential museum that covers the Palmach legacy through the stories of individuals and groups. Visitors to the museum join the group of young Palmach recruits from its establishment, and advanced through the story of the Palmach until the end of the War of Independence.

The manner of presentation is extremely innovative. There are no displays or documents, but rather an account of a fascinating personal story accompanied by three-dimensional decor, films and various effects incorporating documentary materials. The visit, which is conducted in groups, correlates with the structure of the presentation, set out as a series of events, and symbolizing the Palmach team spirit.

The tour commences and ends in the memorial hall for Palmach warriors who died fighting for establishment of the state of Israel.

See also

  • Syria-Lebanon campaign
    Syria-Lebanon campaign

    The Syria-Lebanon campaign, also known as Operation Exporter, was the Allies of World War II invasion of Vichy France-controlled Syria and Lebanon, in June-July 1941, during World War II....


External links



Bibliography

  • The Palmach - Its Warriors and Operation, Uri Brener, special edition for Palmach national convention, 1978
  • Palmach: Plugot Hamahatz shel Hahaganah, 1941-1949 Meir Pa'il, Avraham Zohar and Azriel Ronen (Hebrew)