Outline of Serbia
Encyclopedia
The Republic of Serbia is a landlocked sovereign country located in Southeastern Europe and comprising the southern portion of the Pannonian Plain and a central portion of the Balkan Peninsula. Serbia is bordered by Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...

 to the north; Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...

 and Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Bulgaria , officially the Republic of Bulgaria , is a parliamentary democracy within a unitary constitutional republic in Southeast Europe. The country borders Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, as well as the Black Sea to the east...

 to the east; the Republic of Macedonia
Republic of Macedonia
Macedonia , officially the Republic of Macedonia , is a country located in the central Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991...

 and Albania
Albania
Albania , officially known as the Republic of Albania , is a country in Southeastern Europe, in the Balkans region. It is bordered by Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, the Republic of Macedonia to the east and Greece to the south and southeast. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea...

 to the south; and Croatia
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...

, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina , sometimes called Bosnia-Herzegovina or simply Bosnia, is a country in Southern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina is almost landlocked, except for the...

 and Montenegro
Montenegro
Montenegro Montenegrin: Crna Gora Црна Гора , meaning "Black Mountain") is a country located in Southeastern Europe. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the south-west and is bordered by Croatia to the west, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Serbia to the northeast and Albania to the...

 to the west. The capital of Serbia is Belgrade
Belgrade
Belgrade is the capital and largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers, where the Pannonian Plain meets the Balkans. According to official results of Census 2011, the city has a population of 1,639,121. It is one of the 15 largest cities in Europe...

.

For centuries, shaped at cultural boundaries between East
Eastern world
__FORCETOC__The term Eastern world refers very broadly to the various cultures or social structures and philosophical systems of Eastern Asia or geographically the Eastern Culture...

 and West
Western world
The Western world, also known as the West and the Occident , is a term referring to the countries of Western Europe , the countries of the Americas, as well all countries of Northern and Central Europe, Australia and New Zealand...

, a powerful medieval kingdom
History of Medieval Serbia
Тhe medieval history of Serbia begins in the 5th century AD with the Slavic invasion of the Balkans, and lasts until the Ottoman occupation of 1540.- Slavic invasion :...

 – later renamed the Serbian Empire
Serbian Empire
The Serbian Empire was a short-lived medieval empire in the Balkans that emerged from the Serbian Kingdom. Stephen Uroš IV Dušan was crowned Emperor of Serbs and Greeks on 16 April, 1346, a title signifying a successorship to the Eastern Roman Empire...

 – occupied much of the Balkans
Balkans
The Balkans is a geopolitical and cultural region of southeastern Europe...

. Torn by domestic feuds, Ottoman
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...

, Hungarian
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...

, and later, Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...

n incursions, the Serbian state collapsed by the mid-16th century. The positive outcome of the Serbian revolution
Serbian revolution
Serbian revolution or Revolutionary Serbia refers to the national and social revolution of the Serbian people taking place between 1804 and 1835, during which this territory evolved from an Ottoman province into a constitutional monarchy and a modern nation-state...

 in 1817 marked the birth of modern Serbia. Within a century it reacquired Kosovo
Kosovo
Kosovo is a region in southeastern Europe. Part of the Ottoman Empire for more than five centuries, later the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija within Serbia...

, Raška
Raška (region)
Raška is a region in south-central Serbia and northern Montenegro. It is mostly situated in the Raška District. The southern part of Raška is also known as Sandžak and is divided between Serbia and Montenegro....

 and Vardar Macedonia
Vardar Macedonia
Vardar Macedonia is an area in the north of the Macedonia . The borders of the area are those of the Republic of Macedonia. It covers an area of...

 from the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...

. Likewise, in 1918 the former autonomous Habsburg crownland of Vojvodina
Vojvodina
Vojvodina, officially called Autonomous Province of Vojvodina is an autonomous province of Serbia. Its capital and largest city is Novi Sad...

 proclaimed its secession
Banat, Backa and Baranja
Banat, Bačka and Baranja was a de facto province of the Kingdom of Serbia and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes between October 1918 and March 1919...

 from Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary , more formally known as the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council and the Lands of the Holy Hungarian Crown of Saint Stephen, was a constitutional monarchic union between the crowns of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary in...

 to unite with Serbia
Kingdom of Serbia
The Kingdom of Serbia was created when Prince Milan Obrenović, ruler of the Principality of Serbia, was crowned King in 1882. The Principality of Serbia was ruled by the Karađorđevic dynasty from 1817 onwards . The Principality, suzerain to the Porte, had expelled all Ottoman troops by 1867, de...

, preceded by the Syrmia region
Syrmia
Syrmia is a fertile region of the Pannonian Plain in Europe, between the Danube and Sava rivers. It is divided between Serbia in the east and Croatia in the west....

.

The current borders of the country were established following the end of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...

, when Serbia became a federal unit within the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was the Yugoslav state that existed from the abolition of the Yugoslav monarchy until it was dissolved in 1992 amid the Yugoslav Wars. It was a socialist state and a federation made up of six socialist republics: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia,...

.
Serbia became an independent state again in 2006, after Montenegro
Montenegro
Montenegro Montenegrin: Crna Gora Црна Гора , meaning "Black Mountain") is a country located in Southeastern Europe. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the south-west and is bordered by Croatia to the west, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Serbia to the northeast and Albania to the...

 left the union
Serbia and Montenegro
Serbia and Montenegro was a country in southeastern Europe, formed from two former republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia : Serbia and Montenegro. Following the breakup of Yugoslavia, it was established in 1992 as a federation called the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia...

 that formed after the dissolution of Yugoslavia in 1990s.

In February 2008, the parliament of Kosovo unilaterally declared independence from Serbia. Serbia's government, as well as the UN Security Council
United Nations Security Council
The United Nations Security Council is one of the principal organs of the United Nations and is charged with the maintenance of international peace and security. Its powers, outlined in the United Nations Charter, include the establishment of peacekeeping operations, the establishment of...

, have not recognized Kosovo's independence. The response from the international community
International reaction to the 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence
Kosovo's declaration of independence from Serbia was enacted on Sunday, 17 February 2008 by the Assembly of Kosovo with a unanimous quorum. All 11 representatives of the Serb minority boycotted the proceedings...

 has been mixed.
Serbia is a member of the United Nations
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...

, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe is the world's largest security-oriented intergovernmental organization. Its mandate includes issues such as arms control, human rights, freedom of the press and fair elections...

, and the Council of Europe
Council of Europe
The Council of Europe is an international organisation promoting co-operation between all countries of Europe in the areas of legal standards, human rights, democratic development, the rule of law and cultural co-operation...

, and is an associate member of the European Union
European Union
The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...

.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to :

General reference

  • Pronunciation
    International Phonetic Alphabet
    The International Phonetic Alphabet "The acronym 'IPA' strictly refers [...] to the 'International Phonetic Association'. But it is now such a common practice to use the acronym also to refer to the alphabet itself that resistance seems pedantic...

    :
  • Common English country name: Serbia
    Serbia
    Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...

  • Official English country name: The Republic of Serbia
  • Common endonym(s):
  • Official endonym(s):
  • Adjectival(s): Serbian
  • Demonym(s): Serbs, Serbians
    Serbs
    The Serbs are a South Slavic ethnic group of the Balkans and southern Central Europe. Serbs are located mainly in Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and form a sizable minority in Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia and Slovenia. Likewise, Serbs are an officially recognized minority in...

  • Etymology
    Etymology
    Etymology is the study of the history of words, their origins, and how their form and meaning have changed over time.For languages with a long written history, etymologists make use of texts in these languages and texts about the languages to gather knowledge about how words were used during...

    : Name of Serbia
  • International rankings of Serbia
    International rankings of Serbia
    The following is a list of international rankings of Serbia.-References:...

  • ISO country codes: RS, SRB, 688
  • ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:RS
    ISO 3166-2:RS
    ISO 3166-2:RS is the entry for Serbia in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization , which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.Currently for Serbia, ISO 3166-2 codes are...

  • Internet
    Internet
    The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite to serve billions of users worldwide...

     country code top-level domain
    Country code top-level domain
    A country code top-level domain is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country, a sovereign state, or a dependent territory....

    : .rs
    .rs
    .rs is the Internet country code top-level domain for Serbia. The domain name registry that operates it is the Register of National Internet Domain Names of Serbia . The letters rs stand for Republic of Serbia....


Geography of Serbia


  • Serbia is: a landlocked country
  • Location:
    • Eastern Hemisphere
      Eastern Hemisphere
      The Eastern Hemisphere, also Eastern hemisphere or eastern hemisphere, is a geographical term for the half of the Earth that is east of the Prime Meridian and west of 180° longitude. It is also used to refer to Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australasia, vis-à-vis the Western Hemisphere, which includes...

    • Northern Hemisphere
      Northern Hemisphere
      The Northern Hemisphere is the half of a planet that is north of its equator—the word hemisphere literally means “half sphere”. It is also that half of the celestial sphere north of the celestial equator...

      • Eurasia
        Eurasia
        Eurasia is a continent or supercontinent comprising the traditional continents of Europe and Asia ; covering about 52,990,000 km2 or about 10.6% of the Earth's surface located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres...

        • Europe
          Europe
          Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...

          • Southern Europe
            Southern Europe
            The term Southern Europe, at its most general definition, is used to mean "all countries in the south of Europe". However, the concept, at different times, has had different meanings, providing additional political, linguistic and cultural context to the definition in addition to the typical...

            • Balkans
              Balkans
              The Balkans is a geopolitical and cultural region of southeastern Europe...

               (also known as "Southeastern Europe")
    • Time zone
      Time zone
      A time zone is a region on Earth that has a uniform standard time for legal, commercial, and social purposes. In order for the same clock time to always correspond to the same portion of the day as the Earth rotates , different places on the Earth need to have different clock times...

      : Central European Time
      Central European Time
      Central European Time , used in most parts of the European Union, is a standard time that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time . The time offset from UTC can be written as +01:00...

       (UTC+01), Central European Summer Time
      Central European Summer Time
      Central European Summer Time is one of the names of the Daylight saving time offset using the UTC offset of UTC+02:00, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. It is used as a summer daylight saving time in most European countries. During the winter, Central European Time is used...

       (UTC+02)
    • Extreme points of Serbia
      Extreme points of Serbia
      This is a list of the extreme points of Serbia: the points that are farther north, south, east, west, higher or lower than any other location.- Latitude and longitude :* North : Hajdukovo * South : Dragaš 41°52' N...

      • High: Đeravica 2656 m (8,714 ft)
      • Low: Iron Gate
        Iron Gate (Danube)
        The Iron Gates The gorge lies between Romania in the north and Serbia in the south. At this point, the river separates the southern Carpathian Mountains from the northwestern foothills of the Balkan Mountains. The Romanian, Hungarian, Slovakian, Turkish, German and Bulgarian names literally mean...

         28 m (92 ft)
    • Land boundaries: 2,026 km
 Kingdom of Romania 476 km
 Kingdom of Bulgaria 318 km
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 302 km
 Independent State of Croatia 241 km
 Hungary 151 km
 Kingdom of Montenegro 203 km
 Republic of Macedonia 221 km
 Albania 112 km
  • Coastline: none
  • Population of Serbia: 9,527,100 (January 1, 2008) - 81st most populous country
  • Area of Serbia: 88 361 km2
  • Atlas of Serbia

Environment of Serbia


  • Climate of Serbia
    Climate of Serbia
    The Serbian climate varies between a continental climate in the north, with cold winters, and hot, humid summers with well distributed rainfall patterns, and a more Adriatic climate in the south with hot, dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy inland snowfall...

  • Environmental issues in Serbia
  • Ecoregions in Serbia
  • Renewable energy in Serbia
  • Geology of Serbia
    Geology of Serbia
    The geology of Serbia is complex for a relatively small country. In a tectonic sense, Serbia is part of the Alpine orogenic belt of Southeastern Europe...

  • Protected areas of Serbia
  • Wildlife of Serbia
    • Flora of Serbia
    • Fauna of Serbia
      • Birds of Serbia
      • Mammals of Serbia

Natural geographic features of Serbia


Administrative divisions of Serbia

  • Districts of Serbia
    Districts of Serbia
    Districts , officially called administrative districts are the administrative units of Serbia, comprising several municipalities and/or cities each. They are defined by the Government of Serbia's Enactment of 29 January 1992. Districts are regional centers of state authority and they do not have...

    • Municipalities of Serbia
      Municipalities of Serbia
      Serbia is divided into 150 municipalities and 24 cities , which are the basic units of local self-government. The city may and may not be divided into city municipalities . Five cities, Belgrade, Novi Sad, Niš, Kragujevac and Požarevac comprise several city municipalities, divided into "urban" ...


Districts of Serbia

  • Vojvodina
    Vojvodina
    Vojvodina, officially called Autonomous Province of Vojvodina is an autonomous province of Serbia. Its capital and largest city is Novi Sad...

    : Central Banat
    Central Banat District
    Central Banat District is a northeastern district of Serbia. It lies in the region of Banat, in the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It has a population of 208,456...

    North Bačka
    North Backa District
    North Bačka District is a northern district of Serbia. It lies in the Bačka region in the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It has a population of 200,140...

    North Banat
    North Banat District
    North Banat District is a northern district of Serbia. It lies in the regions of Banat and Bačka, in the autonomous province of Vojvodina. As of the 2002 census, the district has a population of 165,881. The seat of the district is Kikinda....

    South Bačka
    South Backa District
    South Bačka District is a northern district of Serbia. It lies in the southern part of Bačka and northern part of Syrmia, in the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It has a population of 607,835...

    South Banat
    South Banat District
    South Banat District is a northeastern district of Serbia with the seat of the district in Pančevo. It borders Romania to the east. The district lies in the region of Banat, in the autonomous province of Vojvodina...

    Srem
    Srem District
    Syrmia or Srem District is a northwestern district of Serbia. It lies in the regions of Syrmia and Mačva, in the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It has a population of 309,981...

    West Bačka
    West Backa District
    West Bačka District is a northern district of Serbia. It lies in the region of Bačka, in the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It has a population of 215,916...

  • Central Serbia
    Central Serbia
    Central Serbia , also referred to as Serbia proper , was the region of Serbia from 1945 to 2009. It included central parts of Serbia outside of the autonomous provinces of Kosovo and Vojvodina. The region of Central Serbia was not an administrative division of Serbia as such; it was under the...

    : Bor
    Bor District
    Bor District is a district of Serbia with seat in Bor. It has a population of 123,848 .-History:...

    City of Belgrade
    Belgrade
    Belgrade is the capital and largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers, where the Pannonian Plain meets the Balkans. According to official results of Census 2011, the city has a population of 1,639,121. It is one of the 15 largest cities in Europe...

    Braničevo
    Branicevo District
    The Braničevo District expands in the north-east of Serbia. It has a population of 180,480. Seat of the District is in the city of Požarevac, a famous cross-roads, with numerous communications running through it still today...

    Jablanica
    Jablanica District
    The Jablanica District expands in the south eastern parts of Serbia. It has a population of 215,463...

    Kolubara
    Kolubara District
    The Kolubara District occupies the central part of western Serbia. It has a population of 174,228...

    Mačva
    Macva District
    Mačva District is a district of Serbia. The District expands in the western parts of Serbia, in the geographical regions of Mačva, Podrinje, Posavina, and Pocerina. It has a population of 297,778 people...

    Moravica
    Moravica District
    The Moravica District is located in the central parts of Serbia. It has a population of 212,149...

    Nišava
    Nišava District
    The Nišava District expands in the south-eastern parts of Serbia. It has a population of 373,404...

    Pčinja
    Pcinja District
    The Pčinja District expands to the southern parts of Serbia, bordering Bulgaria and the Republic of Macedonia. Its seat is in the city of Vranje....

    Pirot
    Pirot District
    The Pirot District expands in the south eastern parts of Serbia. It has a population of 92,277. Its seat is in the city of Pirot.-Municipalities:It encompasses the municipalities of:*Bela Palanka*Pirot*Babušnica...

    Podunavlje
    Podunavlje District
    The Podunavlje District lies in Serbia, it expands across the central part of Serbia. The population of the district is 198,184, and the Seat of the District is in the city of Smederevo.-Municipalities:...

    Pomoravlje
    Pomoravlje District
    The Pomoravlje District expands in the central part of Serbia. It has a population of 212,839...

    Rasina
    Rasina District
    The Rasina District expands in the central part of the Republic of Serbia. It has a population of 240,463...

    Raška
    Raška District
    The Raška District expands in the south-western part of Serbia. It has a population of 300,274. Its seat is in the city of Kraljevo.-Municipalities:It encompasses the municipalities of:*Kraljevo*Vrnjačka Banja*Raška...

    Šumadija
    Šumadija District
    The Šumadija District is located in the central part of Serbia. It has a population of 290,900, and the district seat is the city of Kragujevac...

    Toplica
    Toplica District
    The Toplica District expands in the southern part of Serbia. It has a population of 90,600 and has been named after the river Toplica. Seat of the District is in the city of Prokuplje.-Municipalities:It encompasses the municipalities of:*Prokuplje*Blace...

    Zaječar
    Zajecar District
    Zaječar District is a district of Serbia. It expands in the eastern part of Serbia. It has a population of 118,295 . The Seat of the District is in the city of Zaječar.-Municipalities:It encompasses the municipalities of:*Boljevac...

    Zlatibor
    Zlatibor District
    Zlatibor District is a district in the western, mountainous part of the Republic of Serbia. The district was named after the mountain region of Zlatibor. According to the 2011 Census Data, the Zlatibor District has a population of 284,729 people...

  • Kosovo and Metohija
    Kosovo
    Kosovo is a region in southeastern Europe. Part of the Ottoman Empire for more than five centuries, later the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija within Serbia...

    : Kosovo
    Kosovo District
    Kosovo District was a district in the Serbian province of Kosovo and Metohija between 1990 and 1999. It was located in the middle and had a population of 672,292. Its capital was Pristina...

     • Kosovo-Pomoravlje
    Kosovo-Pomoravlje District
    The Kosovo-Pomoravlje District , was a district in Kosovo between 1990 and 1999. It was located in the west part of Kosovo i Metohija. It has a population of 217,726. Seat of the District was in the city of Gnjilane...

     • Kosovska Mitrovica • Peć • Prizren

Municipalities of Serbia



Government and politics of Serbia

Main article: Government of Serbia
Government of Serbia
Officially the Government of the Republic of Serbia is the executive branch of government in Serbia.-Current government:The current government was elected on 7 July 2008 by the majority vote in the National Assembly of Serbia and restructured on 14 March 2011...

 and Politics of Serbia
Politics of Serbia
The politics of Serbia function within the framework of a parliamentary republic. The Prime minister is the head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in the National Assembly of Serbia...


  • Form of government
    Form of government
    A form of government, or form of state governance, refers to the set of political institutions by which a government of a state is organized. Synonyms include "regime type" and "system of government".-Empirical and conceptual problems:...

    :
  • Capital of Serbia: Belgrade

  • Elections in Serbia
    Elections in Serbia
    Serbia elects on national level a legislature and a president. The National Assembly of Serbia has 250 members elected for a four year term. Serbia has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other...

    • (specific elections)
  • Political parties in Serbia
  • Political scandals of Serbia
  • Taxation in Serbia

Executive branch of the government of Serbia

  • Head of state
    Head of State
    A head of state is the individual that serves as the chief public representative of a monarchy, republic, federation, commonwealth or other kind of state. His or her role generally includes legitimizing the state and exercising the political powers, functions, and duties granted to the head of...

    : President of Serbia
    President of Serbia
    The President of Serbia is the head of state of Serbia. Presently serving as the head of state is Boris Tadić. He was elected with a narrow majority of 50.31% in the 2008 Serbian presidential elections.-Authority, legal and constitutional rights:...

    , Boris Tadic
    Boris Tadic
    Boris Tadić is the President of Serbia and leader of the Democratic Party. He was elected to a five-year term on 27 June 2004, and was sworn into office on 11 July. He was re-elected for a de facto second five-year term on 3 February 2008 and was sworn in on 15 February...

  • Head of government
    Head of government
    Head of government is the chief officer of the executive branch of a government, often presiding over a cabinet. In a parliamentary system, the head of government is often styled prime minister, chief minister, premier, etc...

    : Prime Minister of Serbia, Mirko Cvetkovic
    Mirko Cvetkovic
    Mirko Cvetković is a Serbian economist and the Prime Minister of Serbia as well as the Minister of Finance.-Biography:...

  • Cabinet of Serbia

Legislative branch of the government of Serbia

  • Parliament of Serbia (unicameral)

Judicial branch of the government of Serbia

  • Supreme Court of Serbia
    Supreme Court of Serbia
    The Supreme Court of Cassation is the court of last resort in the Republic of Serbia. Formerly called the Supreme Court of Serbia, it is the Court of cassation which reviews and possibly overturns previous rulings made by lower courts. It was established in 1846 by a decree of Prince Aleksandar...


Foreign relations of Serbia

  • Diplomatic missions in Serbia
  • Diplomatic missions of Serbia
    Diplomatic missions of Serbia
    This is a list of diplomatic missions of Serbia, excluding honorary consulates. Serbia has a significant number of diplomatic missions abroad, representing its growing ties with the West along with Yugoslavia's historical ties with eastern Europe and the Non-Aligned Movement.Serbia inherited about...


International organization membership

The Republic of Serbia is a member of:

  • Black Sea Economic Cooperation Zone (BSEC)
  • Central European Initiative
    Central European Initiative
    The Central European Initiative is a forum of regional cooperation in Central, Eastern and South Eastern Europe, counting 18 member states. It was formed in Budapest in 1989.-History:...

     (CEI)
  • Council of Europe
    Council of Europe
    The Council of Europe is an international organisation promoting co-operation between all countries of Europe in the areas of legal standards, human rights, democratic development, the rule of law and cultural co-operation...

     (CE)
  • Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council
    Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council
    The Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council , a NATO institution, is a multilateral forum created to improve relations between NATO and non-NATO countries in Europe and those parts of Asia on the European periphery. The member states meet to cooperate and consult on a range of political and security issues...

     (EAPC)
  • European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
    European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
    Founded in 1991, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development uses the tools of investment to help build market economies and democracies in 30 countries from central Europe to central Asia. Its mission was to support the formerly communist countries in the process of establishing their...

     (EBRD)
  • Food and Agriculture Organization
    Food and Agriculture Organization
    The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations is a specialised agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger. Serving both developed and developing countries, FAO acts as a neutral forum where all nations meet as equals to negotiate agreements and...

     (FAO)
  • International Atomic Energy Agency
    International Atomic Energy Agency
    The International Atomic Energy Agency is an international organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons. The IAEA was established as an autonomous organization on 29 July 1957...

     (IAEA)
  • International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
    International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
    The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development is one of five institutions that compose the World Bank Group. The IBRD is an international organization whose original mission was to finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by World War II. Now, its mission has expanded to fight...

     (IBRD)
  • International Chamber of Commerce
    International Chamber of Commerce
    The International Chamber of Commerce is the largest, most representative business organization in the world. Its hundreds of thousands of member companies in over 130 countries have interests spanning every sector of private enterprise....

     (ICC)
  • International Civil Aviation Organization
    International Civil Aviation Organization
    The International Civil Aviation Organization , pronounced , , is a specialized agency of the United Nations. It codifies the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth...

     (ICAO)
  • International Criminal Court
    International Criminal Court
    The International Criminal Court is a permanent tribunal to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression .It came into being on 1 July 2002—the date its founding treaty, the Rome Statute of the...

     (ICCt)
  • International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)
  • International Development Association
    International Development Association
    The International Development Association , is the part of the World Bank that helps the world’s poorest countries. It complements the World Bank's other lending arm — the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development — which serves middle-income countries with capital investment and...

     (IDA)
  • International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
    International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
    The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies is a humanitarian institution that is part of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement along with the ICRC and 186 distinct National Societies...

     (IFRCS)
  • International Finance Corporation
    International Finance Corporation
    The International Finance Corporation promotes sustainable private sector investment in developing countries.IFC is a member of the World Bank Group and is headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States....

     (IFC)
  • International Fund for Agricultural Development
    International Fund for Agricultural Development
    The International Fund for Agricultural Development , a specialized agency of the United Nations, was established as an international financial institution in 1977 as one of the major outcomes of the 1974 World Food Conference. IFAD is dedicated to eradicating rural poverty in developing countries...

     (IFAD) (suspended)
  • International Hydrographic Organization
    International Hydrographic Organization
    The International Hydrographic Organization is the inter-governmental organisation representing the hydrographic community. It enjoys observer status at the UN and is the recognised competent authority on hydrographic surveying and nautical charting...

     (IHO)
  • International Labour Organization
    International Labour Organization
    The International Labour Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations that deals with labour issues pertaining to international labour standards. Its headquarters are in Geneva, Switzerland. Its secretariat — the people who are employed by it throughout the world — is known as the...

     (ILO)
  • International Maritime Organization
    International Maritime Organization
    The International Maritime Organization , formerly known as the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization , was established in Geneva in 1948, and came into force ten years later, meeting for the first time in 1959...

     (IMO)
  • International Mobile Satellite Organization
    International Mobile Satellite Organization
    The International Mobile Satellite Organization is the intergovernmental organization that oversees certain public satellite safety and security communication services provided via the Inmarsat satellites...

     (IMSO)
  • International Monetary Fund
    International Monetary Fund
    The International Monetary Fund is an organization of 187 countries, working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world...

     (IMF)
  • International Olympic Committee
    International Olympic Committee
    The International Olympic Committee is an international corporation based in Lausanne, Switzerland, created by Pierre de Coubertin on 23 June 1894 with Demetrios Vikelas as its first president...

     (IOC)
  • International Organization for Migration
    International Organization for Migration
    The International Organization for Migration is an intergovernmental organization. It was initially established in 1951 as the Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration to help resettle people displaced by World War II....

     (IOM)
  • International Organization for Standardization
    International Organization for Standardization
    The International Organization for Standardization , widely known as ISO, is an international standard-setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations. Founded on February 23, 1947, the organization promulgates worldwide proprietary, industrial and commercial...

     (ISO)
  • International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
    International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
    The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is an international humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million volunteers, members and staff worldwide which was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure respect for all human beings, and to prevent and alleviate human...

     (ICRM)
  • International Telecommunication Union
    International Telecommunication Union
    The International Telecommunication Union is the specialized agency of the United Nations which is responsible for information and communication technologies...

     (ITU)
  • International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
    International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
    The International Telecommunications Satellite Organization is an intergovernmental organisation charged with overseeing the public service obligations of Intelsat.-External links:*...

     (ITSO)

  • International Trade Union Confederation
    International Trade Union Confederation
    The International Trade Union Confederation is the world's largest trade union federation. It was formed on November 1, 2006 out of the merger of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions and the World Confederation of Labour...

     (ITUC)
  • Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)
  • Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
    Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
    The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency is a member organization of the World Bank Group that offers political risk insurance. It was established to promote foreign direct investment into developing countries. MIGA was founded in 1988 with a capital base of $1 billion and is headquartered in...

     (MIGA)
  • Nonaligned Movement (NAM) (observer)
  • Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) (observer)
  • Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
  • Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
  • Organization of American States
    Organization of American States
    The Organization of American States is a regional international organization, headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States...

     (OAS) (observer)
  • Partnership for Peace
    Partnership for Peace
    Partnership for Peace is a North Atlantic Treaty Organisation program aimed at creating trust between NATO and other states in Europe and the former Soviet Union; 22 States are members...

     (PFP)
  • Permanent Court of Arbitration
    Permanent Court of Arbitration
    The Permanent Court of Arbitration , is an international organization based in The Hague in the Netherlands.-History:The court was established in 1899 as one of the acts of the first Hague Peace Conference, which makes it the oldest institution for international dispute resolution.The creation of...

     (PCA)
  • Southeast European Cooperative Initiative
    Southeast European Cooperative Initiative
    The Southeast European Cooperative Initiative, or the SECI, has been an initiative that, under the auspices of men like Erhard Busek and Richard Schifter, has been successful in providing stability in an unstable region and has found support in international organizations and countries...

     (SECI)
  • United Nations
    United Nations
    The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...

     (UN)
  • United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
    United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
    The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development was established in 1964 as a permanent intergovernmental body. It is the principal organ of the United Nations General Assembly dealing with trade, investment, and development issues....

     (UNCTAD)
  • United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
  • United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
    United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
    The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees , also known as The UN Refugee Agency is a United Nations agency mandated to protect and support refugees at the request of a government or the UN itself and assists in their voluntary repatriation, local integration or resettlement to...

     (UNHCR)
  • United Nations Industrial Development Organization
    United Nations Industrial Development Organization
    The United Nations Industrial Development Organization , French/Spanish acronym ONUDI, is a specialized agency in the United Nations system, headquartered in Vienna, Austria...

     (UNIDO)
  • United Nations Mission in Liberia
    United Nations Mission in Liberia
    The United Nations Mission in Liberia is a peace-keeping force established in September 2003 to monitor a ceasefire agreement in Liberia following the resignation of President Charles Taylor and the conclusion of the Second Liberian Civil War....

     (UNMIL)
  • United Nations Operation in Cote d'Ivoire
    United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire
    The United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire is a peacekeeping mission whose objective is "to facilitate the implementation by the Ivorian parties of the peace agreement signed by them in January 2003"...

     (UNOCI)
  • United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC)
  • Universal Postal Union
    Universal Postal Union
    The Universal Postal Union is an international organization that coordinates postal policies among member nations, in addition to the worldwide postal system. The UPU contains four bodies consisting of the Congress, the Council of Administration , the Postal Operations Council and the...

     (UPU)
  • World Confederation of Labour
    World Confederation of Labour
    The World Confederation of Labour was an international labour organization founded in 1920 and based in Europe. Totalitarian governments of the 1930s repressed the federation and imprisoned many of its leaders, limiting operations until the end of World War II...

     (WCL)
  • World Customs Organization
    World Customs Organization
    The World Customs Organization is an intergovernmental organization headquartered in Brussels, Belgium. With its worldwide membership, the WCO is recognized as the voice of the global customs community...

     (WCO)
  • World Federation of Trade Unions
    World Federation of Trade Unions
    The World Federation of Trade Unions was established in 1945 to replace the International Federation of Trade Unions. Its mission was to bring together trade unions across the world in a single international organization, much like the United Nations...

     (WFTU)
  • World Health Organization
    World Health Organization
    The World Health Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations that acts as a coordinating authority on international public health. Established on 7 April 1948, with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, the agency inherited the mandate and resources of its predecessor, the Health...

     (WHO)
  • World Intellectual Property Organization
    World Intellectual Property Organization
    The World Intellectual Property Organization is one of the 17 specialized agencies of the United Nations. WIPO was created in 1967 "to encourage creative activity, to promote the protection of intellectual property throughout the world"....

     (WIPO)
  • World Meteorological Organization
    World Meteorological Organization
    The World Meteorological Organization is an intergovernmental organization with a membership of 189 Member States and Territories. It originated from the International Meteorological Organization , which was founded in 1873...

     (WMO)
  • World Tourism Organization
    World Tourism Organization
    The World Tourism Organization , based in Madrid, Spain, is a United Nations agency dealing with questions relating to tourism. It compiles the World Tourism rankings. The World Tourism Organization is a significant global body, concerned with the collection and collation of statistical information...

     (UNWTO)
  • World Trade Organization
    World Trade Organization
    The World Trade Organization is an organization that intends to supervise and liberalize international trade. The organization officially commenced on January 1, 1995 under the Marrakech Agreement, replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade , which commenced in 1948...

     (WTO) (observer)


Law and order in Serbia

  • Capital punishment in Serbia
    Capital punishment in Serbia
    Serbia and Montenegro abolished death penalty for all crimes, in February 2002....

  • Constitution of Serbia
    Constitution of Serbia
    The Constitution of the Republic of Serbia is Serbia's fundamental law. The current constitution was approved in a constitutional referendum, held from on 28–29 October 2006...

  • Crime in Serbia
    Crime in Serbia
    -Priority areas of law enforcement:Serbian law enforcement authorities have prioritised fighting drug trafficking, terrorism and organized crime during the late 2000s....

  • Human rights in Serbia
    Human rights in Serbia
    -Asylum seekers:Serbia has a UN facility at Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport for applicants for asylum in accordance with international policies.- Yugoslav Wars :...

    • LGBT rights in Serbia
    • Freedom of religion in Serbia
  • Law enforcement in Serbia
    Law enforcement in Serbia
    Law enforcement in Serbia is the primary responsibility of the Serbian Police, which is subordinate to the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The ministry is responsible for all local and national law enforcement services in Serbia...


Military of Serbia

  • Command
    • Commander-in-chief
      Commander-in-Chief
      A commander-in-chief is the commander of a nation's military forces or significant element of those forces. In the latter case, the force element may be defined as those forces within a particular region or those forces which are associated by function. As a practical term it refers to the military...

      :
      • Ministry of Defence of Serbia
        Ministry of Defence (Serbia)
        The Ministry of Defence of Republic of Serbia is the governmental department responsible for defending the Republic of Serbia from internal and external military threats.-Officials and organisation:...

  • Forces
    • Army of Serbia
    • Navy
      Navy
      A navy is the branch of a nation's armed forces principally designated for naval and amphibious warfare; namely, lake- or ocean-borne combat operations and related functions...

       of Serbia: None
    • Air Force of Serbia
    • Special forces of Serbia
  • Military history of Serbia
    Military history of Serbia
    The military history of Serbia spans over 1100 years on the Balkan peninsula during the various forms of the Serbian state and Serbian army.-Wars, military campaigns and battles:Medieval Serbia* Bulgarian-Serbian Wars** Battle of Velbazhd...

  • Military ranks of Serbia
    Military ranks of Serbia
    -Generals:-Officers:-NCOs:-Soldiers:-Generals:-Officers:-NCOs:-Soldiers:-Admirals:-Officers:-NCOs:-Soldiers:-Generals:-Officers:-NCOs :-Soldiers:-External links:**...

    '
  • List of military conflicts involving Serbia

History of Serbia

Main article: History of Serbia
History of Serbia
The history of Serbia, as a country, begins with the Slavic settlements in the Balkans, established in the 6th century in territories governed by the Byzantine Empire. Through centuries, the Serbian realm evolved into a Kingdom , then an Empire , before the Ottomans annexed it in 1540...

, Timeline of the history of Serbia, and Current events of Serbia

  • Economic history of Serbia
  • Military history of Serbia
    Military history of Serbia
    The military history of Serbia spans over 1100 years on the Balkan peninsula during the various forms of the Serbian state and Serbian army.-Wars, military campaigns and battles:Medieval Serbia* Bulgarian-Serbian Wars** Battle of Velbazhd...


Culture of Serbia

  • Architecture of Serbia
    Architecture of Serbia
    Serbian architecture and Architecture of Serbia refers to the architecture and styles developed in Serbia or by Serbs on the Balkan peninsula.-Antiquity:...

  • Cuisine of Serbia
  • Ethnic minorities in Serbia
  • Festivals in Serbia
  • Humor in Serbia
  • Languages of Serbia
    Languages of Serbia
    Serbia has only one nationwide official language, which is Serbian. Other languages spoken in Serbia include Albanian , Hungarian, Romanian, Slovak, Rusyn, Croatian , Ukrainian, Bulgarian, Romani, Czech, Bosnian, Vlach, Bunjevac, Macedonian,...

  • Media in Serbia
  • National symbols of Serbia
    National symbols of Serbia
    National symbols of Serbia are the symbols that are used in Serbia to represent what is unique about the nation, reflecting different aspects of its cultural life and history.-Official symbols:-Unofficial Emblems:-References:*...

    • Coat of arms of Serbia
      Coat of arms of Serbia
      The coat of arms of Serbia is based the family arms of the former Obrenović dynasty and features the white bicephalic eagle of the Nemanjić dynasty. An ermine cape of the style once worn by kings is featured in the background. The double-headed eagle has been used since Byzantine era, the Serbian...

    • Flag of Serbia
      Flag of Serbia
      The flag of Serbia is a tricolour consisting of three equal horizontal bands, red on the top, blue in the middle and white on the bottom. The same tricolour, in some variations, was the flag of Serbia throughout its history, and is the ethnic flag of the Serbian people.The state flag bears the...

    • National anthem of Serbia
  • People of Serbia
  • Prostitution in Serbia
  • Public holidays in Serbia
    Public holidays in Serbia
    The public holidays in Serbia are defined by the Law of national and other holidays in the Republic of Serbia.- Bank Holidays :1 If one of the non-religious holidays falls on a Sunday, then the next working day is a non-working day....

  • Records of Serbia
  • Religion in Serbia
    Religion in Serbia
    Serbia is a multi-religious country. The dominant religion is Orthodox Christianity , but there are also some adherents of Islam , and Catholic Christianity , as well as adherents of other...

    • Buddhism in Serbia
    • Christianity in Serbia
    • Hinduism in Serbia
    • Islam in Serbia
      Islam in Serbia
      The Muslims in Serbia are mostly ethnic Bosniaks and Albanians, but also members of the smaller ethnic groups like Muslims by nationality, Ashkali, Egyptians, Gorani, Roma, and Turks.-Number of believers and distribution:...

    • Judaism in Serbia
    • Sikhism in Serbia
  • World Heritage Sites in Serbia

Art in Serbia

  • Art in Serbia
  • Cinema of Serbia
    Cinema of Serbia
    The Cinema of Serbia comprises the art of film and creative movies made within the nation of Serbia or by Serbian filmmakers abroad.Serbia has been home to many internationally acclaimed films and directors.-Serbian theatre and cinema:Serbia has a well-established theatrical tradition with many...

  • Literature of Serbia
  • Music of Serbia
    Music of Serbia
    Serbs and Serbia has a variety of traditional music, which is part of the wider Balkan tradition, with its own distinctive sound and characteristics.-History:...

  • Television in Serbia
  • Theatre in Serbia

Sports in Serbia

  • Football in Serbia
    Football in Serbia
    Football is the most popular sport in Serbia. The Football Association of Serbia is the national governing body and is responsible for overseeing all aspects of the game of football in the country, both professional and amateur...

  • Serbia at the Olympics
    Serbia at the Olympics
    Serbia first participated at the Olympic Games in 1912. After 96 years, Serbia returned to the Olympics as an independent team at the 2008 Summer Olympics. From 1920 to the 1992 Winter Olympics Serbian athletes participated as part of the Yugoslavian team...


Economy and infrastructure of Serbia


  • Agriculture in Serbia
    Agriculture in Serbia
    Agriculture in Serbia is still a important section of Serbian economy. The total area of agricultural land exceeds 6 million hectares with 85% private ownership.The history of Agriculture in Serbia dates back to 10,500BC.-Production:...

  • Banking in Serbia
    • National Bank of Serbia
      National Bank of Serbia
      National Bank of Serbia is the central bank of Serbia; its main responsibilities are the protection of price stability and maintenance of financial stability....

  • Communications in Serbia
    Communications in Serbia
    -Broadband Internet access:Telekom provides Internet access over Dial-Up , ISDN and ADSL connections.ADSL available :1.0 mbit - 1024/128k,2.0 mbit - 2048k/192k,4.0 mbit - 4096k/256k,6.0 mbit - 6144k/384k,8.0 mbit - 8192k/512k,...

    • Internet in Serbia
      Internet in Serbia
      -Introduction of Internet:Linking of SFR Yugoslavia into global electronic networks began at the end of the 1980s. The European Academic Research Network was functioning in Europe at that time. In 1988 the Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics in Belgrade, proposed that Yugoslav universities...

  • Companies of Serbia

  • Currency of Serbia
    Currency
    In economics, currency refers to a generally accepted medium of exchange. These are usually the coins and banknotes of a particular government, which comprise the physical aspects of a nation's money supply...

    : Dinar
    Serbian dinar
    The dinar is the currency of Serbia. An earlier currency also called dinar was used in Serbia between 1868 and 1918. The earliest use of the dinar date to 1214. Today's Serbian dinar is a continuation of the last Yugoslav dinar...

    • ISO 4217
      ISO 4217
      ISO 4217 is a standard published by the International Standards Organization, which delineates currency designators, country codes , and references to minor units in three tables:* Table A.1 – Current currency & funds code list...

      : RSD

  • Economic history of Serbia
  • Energy in Serbia
    • Energy policy of Serbia
    • Oil industry in Serbia
  • Mining in Serbia
  • Tourism in Serbia
    Tourism in Serbia
    Serbia stretches across two geographic and cultural regions of Europe: Central Europe and Southeast Europe. This boundary splits Serbia roughly in a ratio of 1:2 alongside the Danube and Sava rivers. The northern parts of the country are Central-European lowlands while the southern and central...

  • Transport in Serbia
    Transport in Serbia
    Serbia, and in particular the valley of Morava is often described as "the crossroad between the East and the West", which is one of primary reasons for its turbulent history...


  • Serbia Stock Exchange

Infrastructure of Serbia

  • Health care in Serbia
  • Transportation in Serbia
    • Airports in Serbia
    • Rail transport in Serbia
    • Roads in Serbia
      Roads in Serbia
      right|thumb|City sign at entrance to Belgrade on E75The following European routes pass through the country:* E65: Rožaje, Montenegro - Tutin - Kosovska Mitrovica - Priština - Đeneral Janković - Skopje, Macedonia....

  • Water supply and sanitation in Serbia

See also

  • Index of Serbia-related articles

  • List of international rankings
  • Member state of the United Nations
  • Outline of Europe
  • Outline of geography
    Outline of geography
    The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to geography:Geography – science that studies the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of Earth.- Geography is :...



External links

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