Puntland is a region in northeastern Somalia

Somalia

Somalia , officially the Somali Republic and formerly known as the Somali Democratic Republic under Socialist rule, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. Since the outbreak of the Somali Civil War in 1991 there has been no central government control over most of the country's territory...

, centered on Garowe (Nugaal

Nugaal

Nugal is an administrative region in northeastern Somalia.-Overview:It is bordered by Ethiopia and the Somalian regions of Sool to the west, Bari to the north, and Mudug to the south, with the Indian Ocean to the east....

 region), whose leaders declared it an autonomous state in 1998. A third of the Somali people

Somali people

Somalis are an ethnic group located in the Horn of Africa, also known as the Somali Peninsula. The overwhelming majority of Somalis speak the Somali language, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family...

 live in the province. Unlike neighbouring Somaliland

Somaliland

Somaliland is an unrecognised self-declared sovereign state that is internationally recognised as an autonomous region of Somalia. The government of Somaliland regards itself as the successor state to the British Somaliland protectorate, which was independent for a few days in 1960 as the State of...

, Puntland does not seek outright independence from Somalia. The name "Puntland" is derived from the Land of Punt

Land of Punt

The Land of Punt, also called Pwenet, or Pwene by the ancient Egyptians, was a trading partner known for producing and exporting gold, aromatic resins, African blackwood, ebony, ivory, slaves and wild animals...

 mentioned by ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt was an ancient civilization of Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now the modern country of Egypt. Egyptian civilization coalesced around 3150 BC with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the first pharaoh...

ian sources. The exact location of the Land of Punt is still a mystery and is the subject of academic debate and controversy. Some studies have suggested that the land of Punt was located in Somalia, whereas others believe it was located elsewhere.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Puntland:

General reference

• Pronunciation
  International Phonetic Alphabet
  The International Phonetic Alphabet "The acronym 'IPA' strictly refers [...] to the 'International Phonetic Association'. But it is now such a common practice to use the acronym also to refer to the alphabet itself that resistance seems pedantic...
  
  :
• Common English regional name: Puntland
  Puntland
  Puntland , officially the Puntland State of Somalia , is a region in northeastern Somalia, centered on Garowe in the Nugaal province. Its leaders declared the territory an autonomous state in 1998....
  
  
• Common endonym(s): Puntlaand
• Official endonym(s): أرض البنط
• ISO country codes: See the Outline of Somalia
• ISO region codes: See the Outline of Somalia
• Internet
  Internet
  The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite to serve billions of users worldwide...
  
   country code top-level domain
  Country code top-level domain
  A country code top-level domain is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country, a sovereign state, or a dependent territory....
  
  : .so

Geography of Puntland

• Location:
  • Eastern Hemisphere
    Eastern Hemisphere
    The Eastern Hemisphere, also Eastern hemisphere or eastern hemisphere, is a geographical term for the half of the Earth that is east of the Prime Meridian and west of 180° longitude. It is also used to refer to Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australasia, vis-à-vis the Western Hemisphere, which includes...
    
     and Southern Hemisphere
    Southern Hemisphere
    The Southern Hemisphere is the part of Earth that lies south of the equator. The word hemisphere literally means 'half ball' or "half sphere"...
    
    
  • Africa
    Africa
    Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
    
    
    • East Africa
      East Africa
      East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easterly region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. In the UN scheme of geographic regions, 19 territories constitute Eastern Africa:...
      
      
      • Horn of Africa
        Horn of Africa
        The Horn of Africa is a peninsula in East Africa that juts hundreds of kilometers into the Arabian Sea and lies along the southern side of the Gulf of Aden. It is the easternmost projection of the African continent...
        
        
        • Somalia
          Somalia
          Somalia , officially the Somali Republic and formerly known as the Somali Democratic Republic under Socialist rule, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. Since the outbreak of the Somali Civil War in 1991 there has been no central government control over most of the country's territory...
          
          
  • Time zone
    Time zone
    A time zone is a region on Earth that has a uniform standard time for legal, commercial, and social purposes. In order for the same clock time to always correspond to the same portion of the day as the Earth rotates , different places on the Earth need to have different clock times...
    
    (s): EAT
    East Africa Time
    East Africa Time, or EAT, is a time zone used in eastern Africa. The zone is three hours ahead of UTC , which is the same as Arabia Standard Time, and also the same as Eastern European Summer Time....
    
    
  • Extreme points of Puntland
  • Land boundaries:
    • Coastline:
• Population of Puntland: 2,700,000 - 140th most populous
• Area of Puntland: 250,000 km² (96,526 sq mi)
• Atlas of Somalia

Environment of Puntland

• Climate of Puntland
• Ecology of Puntland
  • Ecoregions in Puntland
  • Renewable energy in Puntland
• Geology of Puntland
• Protected areas of Puntland
  • Biosphere reserves in Puntland
• Wildlife of Puntland
  • Flora of Puntland
  • Fauna of Puntland
    • Birds of Puntland
    • Mammals of Puntland

Natural geographic features of Puntland

• Glaciers of Puntland: none
• Islands of Puntland
• Lakes of Puntland
• Mountains of Puntland
  • Volcanoes in Puntland
• Rivers of Puntland
  • Waterfalls of Puntland
• Valleys of Puntland
• World Heritage Sites in Puntland

Ecoregions of Puntland

Main article: Ecoregions in Puntland

Administrative divisions of Puntland

Main article: Administrative divisions of Puntland

• Regions of Puntland
  • Cities in Puntland:
    • Garoowe
      Garoowe
      Garowe is the administrative capital of the Puntland region in northeastern Somalia.Ruled in the 19th century by the Majeerteen Sultanate, it would later be incorporated into Italian Somaliland....
      
      
    • Eyl
      Eyl
      Eyl is an ancient town in the northern Puntland region of Somalia. It is situated near the Hafun peninsula.-History:Eyl is the site of many historical artifacts from Somalia's pre-colonial period...
      
      
    • Burtinle
      Burtinle
      Burtinle is a small town in the Nugaal province of the autonomous Puntland region in northeastern Somalia.-Overview:Burtinle is situated in the Burtinle District of the Nugaal region. It lies between Galkacyo and Garoowe, close to the border with Ethiopia....
      
      
    • Dangorayo
      Dangorayo
      Dangorayo-- is a rapidly growing fourth and youngst district Nugaal region of Puntland state of Somalia. It borders Qardho district, the capital city of Karkaar region in the northwest, Bayla districts of also Karkaar region in the northeast, Eyl and Garoowe districts, in the...
      
      
    • Bosaso
    • Qandala
      Qandala
      Qandala is an ancient Port city in the Puntland region of Somalia, 75 kilometres east of Bosaso City, 549 kilometres south of Aden, and 475 kilometres west of Socotra.-History:...
      
      
    • Carmooyin
      Carmooyin
      -Overview:Armoyin is located 98 km south of Bosaso, the commercial capital of the autonomous Puntland region of Somalia.The town is home to the Armoyin Police Academy.-Demographics:...
      
      
    • Bali Dhindhin
    • Qaw Bender Ziyada
    • Calula
    • Bargaal
    • Galgala
      Galgala
      Galgala is a growing town in Bari region of Somalia. The town has ancient markings of religious symbols and crosses and ancient remains of a cairns which commonly found in Sanaag and Bari,_Somalia regions...
      
      
    • Hafun
      Hafun
      Hafun is a 40 km long low-lying peninsula in the Bari region of northern Somalia. The promontory juts out into the Indian Ocean, where it is known as Ras Hafun or Raas Xaafuun...
      
      
    • Iskushuban
      Iskushuban
      Iskushuban is a small town in the northeastern Bari province of Somalia. It is situated in the autonomous Puntland.-Location:Iskushuban is situated in the Iskushuban District of the northernmost Bari province. It lies 80km east of Qardho and 150km south of Bosaso, the commercial capital of the...
      
      
    • Qodax
    • Qardho
      Qardho
      Qardho is a town in the northeastern Bari region of Somalia. It is the center of the Qardho District.-References:*...
      
      
    • Buutinle
    • Bandar Beyla
      Bandar Beyla
      Bayla is a town located in the northeastern Bari region of Somalia.-Overview:The town sustained heavy damage from the tsunami that followed the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake....
      
      
    • Dud hooye
    • Gaalkacyo
      Gaalkacyo
      Galkayo , also known as Galcaio or Galkacyo, is the capital of the north-central Mudug region of Somalia. The city is divided into two zones, where the main northern portion forms part of Puntland state, while its southern tip is governed by the Galmudug administration.Ruled in the early modern...
      
      
    • Galdogob
      Galdogob
      Galdogob , also spelled Goldogob, is a town located in the north-central MudugSomalia. It lies approximately six kilometers southeast of the border with Ethiopia.-Overview:...
      
      
    • Jiriiban
    • Bacaadweyn
    • Tuulo Buuryaqab
    • Bursaalax

Regions of Puntland

Occupy:

• Nugaal
  Nugaal
  Nugal is an administrative region in northeastern Somalia.-Overview:It is bordered by Ethiopia and the Somalian regions of Sool to the west, Bari to the north, and Mudug to the south, with the Indian Ocean to the east....
  
  
• Bari
  Bari
  Bari is the capital city of the province of Bari and of the Apulia region, on the Adriatic Sea, in Italy. It is the second most important economic centre of mainland Southern Italy after Naples, and is well known as a port and university city, as well as the city of Saint Nicholas...
  
  
• Karkaar
  Karkaar
  Karkaar is the name of series of mountains in Northeast portion of Somalia.It is also the name of an administrative region defined by the self-declared autonomous state of Puntland...
  
  
• Mudug
  Mudug
  Mudug is an administrative region in north-central Somalia. Bordered by the Ogaden, the Somalian regions of Nugaal and Galguduud, and the Indian Ocean, its capital is the city of Galkacyo.-Districts:...
  
  

Claim:

• Sool
  Sool
  Sool is an administrative region in northern Somalia.-Overview:With its capital at Las Anod, Sool is historically known for being the seat of the anti-colonial Dervish movement....
  
  
• Ayn
  Ayn, Somalia
  Ayn is region in the autonomous northeastern Puntland macro-region of Somalia. It is a disputed southeastern section of the Togdheer region defined and claimed by Puntland....
  
  

Government and politics of Puntland

Main article: Government of Puntland and Politics of Puntland

• Form of government
  Form of government
  A form of government, or form of state governance, refers to the set of political institutions by which a government of a state is organized. Synonyms include "regime type" and "system of government".-Empirical and conceptual problems:...
  
  :
• Capital of Puntland: Garoowe
  Garoowe
  Garowe is the administrative capital of the Puntland region in northeastern Somalia.Ruled in the 19th century by the Majeerteen Sultanate, it would later be incorporated into Italian Somaliland....
  
  

• Elections in Puntland
  • (specific elections)
• Political parties in Puntland
• Political scandals of Puntland
• Taxation in Puntland

Executive branch of the government of Puntland

• Head of state
  Head of State
  A head of state is the individual that serves as the chief public representative of a monarchy, republic, federation, commonwealth or other kind of state. His or her role generally includes legitimizing the state and exercising the political powers, functions, and duties granted to the head of...
  
  : President of Puntland, Abdirahman Mohamud Farole
  Abdirahman Mohamud Farole
  Abdirahman Mohamud Farole is a Somali politician. He is the fourth and current President of Puntland.-Biography:Farole was born in the qandala region of Somalia in 1945. He first pursued his post-secondary education locally, earning a Diploma of Public Health in 1964 from the Scuola Professionale...
  
  
• Head of government
  Head of government
  Head of government is the chief officer of the executive branch of a government, often presiding over a cabinet. In a parliamentary system, the head of government is often styled prime minister, chief minister, premier, etc...
  
  : Prime Minister of Puntland
• Cabinet of Puntland

Judicial branch of the government of Puntland

• Supreme Court of Puntland

Foreign relations of Puntland

• Diplomatic missions in Puntland
• Diplomatic missions of Puntland

International organization membership

Main article: International organization membership of Puntland

Puntland is a member of: (same relations as its mother country Somalia

Somalia

Somalia , officially the Somali Republic and formerly known as the Somali Democratic Republic under Socialist rule, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. Since the outbreak of the Somali Civil War in 1991 there has been no central government control over most of the country's territory...

)

• Arab League
  Arab League
  The Arab League , officially called the League of Arab States , is a regional organisation of Arab states in North and Northeast Africa, and Southwest Asia . It was formed in Cairo on 22 March 1945 with six members: Egypt, Iraq, Transjordan , Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, and Syria. Yemen joined as a...
  
  
• Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
• African Union
  African Union
  The African Union is a union consisting of 54 African states. The only all-African state not in the AU is Morocco. Established on 9 July 2002, the AU was formed as a successor to the Organisation of African Unity...
  
  

Law and order in Puntland

Main article: Law of Puntland

• Capital punishment in Puntland
• Constitution of Puntland
• Crime in Puntland
• Human rights in Puntland
  • LGBT rights in Puntland
    LGBT rights in Puntland
    Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender persons in the autonomous region of Somalia known as Puntland experience legal challenges not faced by other residents...
    
    
  • Freedom of religion in Puntland
• Law enforcement in Puntland

Military of Puntland

Main article: Military of Puntland

• Command
  • Commander-in-chief
    Commander-in-Chief
    A commander-in-chief is the commander of a nation's military forces or significant element of those forces. In the latter case, the force element may be defined as those forces within a particular region or those forces which are associated by function. As a practical term it refers to the military...
    
    
    • Ministry of Defence of Puntland
• Forces
  • Army of Puntland
  • Navy of Puntland
  • Air Force of Puntland
  • Special forces of Puntland
• Military history of Puntland
• Military ranks of Puntland

History of Puntland

Main article: History of Puntland, Timeline of the history of Puntland, and Current events of Puntland

• Economic history of Puntland
• Military history of Puntland

Culture of Puntland

Main article: Culture of Puntland

• Architecture of Puntland
• Cuisine of Puntland
• Ethnic minorities in Puntland
• Festivals in Puntland
• Humor in Puntland
• Languages of Puntland
• Media in Puntland
• National symbols of Puntland
  • Coat of arms of Puntland
  • Flag of Puntland
    Flag of Puntland
    The Flag of Puntland was adopted by its parliament on 22 December 2009. It is a horizontal tricolour of sky blue, white, and green, with a white star in the centre of the top stripe....
    
    
• People of Puntland
• Prostitution in Puntland
• Public holidays in Puntland
• Records of Puntland
• Religion in Puntland
  • Buddhism in Puntland
  • Christianity in Puntland
  • Hinduism in Puntland
  • Islam in Puntland
    Islam in Puntland
    The main religion of Puntland is Islam. All the inhabitants of Puntland are Sunni Muslims. Puntland's state constitution states that "Islam shall be the only religion of Puntland State of Somalia...
    
    
  • Judaism in Puntland
  • Sikhism in Puntland
• World Heritage Sites in Puntland

The arts in Puntland

• Art in Puntland
• Cinema of Puntland
• Literature of Puntland
• Music of Puntland
• Television in Puntland
• Theatre in Puntland

Economy and infrastructure of Puntland

Main article: Economy of Puntland

• Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007):

• Agriculture in Puntland
• Banking in Puntland
• Communications in Puntland
  • Internet in Puntland
• Companies of Puntland
• Economic history of Puntland
• Energy in Puntland
  • Energy policy of Puntland
  • Oil industry in Puntland
• Mining in Puntland
• Puntland Stock Exchange
• Tourism in Puntland
• Transport in Puntland
  • Airports in Puntland
  • Rail transport in Puntland
  • Roads in Puntland
• Water supply and sanitation in Puntland

See also

• Index of Puntland-related articles
• List of Puntland-related topics
• Outline of Somalia
  Outline of Somalia
  Somalia , officially the Republic of Somalia and formerly known as the Somali Democratic Republic under communist rule, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya to the southwest, the Gulf of Aden with Yemen to the north, the Indian Ocean to the...
  
  
• Outline of geography
  Outline of geography
  The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to geography:Geography – science that studies the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of Earth.- Geography is :...
  
  
• Outline of Somaliland
  Outline of Somaliland
  Somaliland is an unrecognised self-declared sovereign state that is internationally recognised as an autonomous region of Somalia. The government of Somaliland regards the territory as the successor state to the British Somaliland protectorate, which was independent for a few days in 1960 as the...
  
  

External links

• Official Website: Government of Puntland
• Map of Puntland: Landmine Impact Survey, 2005 (4.3MB PDF file)
• Puntland: UN-OCHA Overview (PDF
  Portable Document Format
  Portable Document Format is an open standard for document exchange. This file format, created by Adobe Systems in 1993, is used for representing documents in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems....
  
  file)
• BBC: Islamists 'take key Somali town' (in Puntland) November 12, 2006
• HRNet Information about Puntland and Somalia
• GaroweOnline.com: Breaking news, ed/ops through Web & Radio broadcast!
• Allpuntland.com: News, information, entertainment and more
• BBC: "Somali warlords battle for Puntland" May 7, 2002
• Puntlandpost.com: News
• Wardheernews.com: News and commentary
• Wayaha.com: News
• Laasqoray.net: News
• Dhahar.com: News
• Somalia Online: News and discussions
• Somalia INFO: Full of INFO
• Hafun.Org: News Agency
• "Position Paper of Harti, Geri, Abdi Koobe, and Isse DAROOD of Puntland State of Somalia, and Jubaland" at Allpuntland.com
• African Elections Database: "Elections in Puntland"