Outline of New Caledonia
Encyclopedia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia is a special collectivity of France located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, east of Australia and about from Metropolitan France. The archipelago, part of the Melanesia subregion, includes the main island of Grande Terre, the Loyalty Islands, the Belep archipelago, the Isle of...
is a "sui generis
Sui generis
Sui generis is a Latin expression, literally meaning of its own kind/genus or unique in its characteristics. The expression is often used in analytic philosophy to indicate an idea, an entity, or a reality which cannot be included in a wider concept....
collectivity" (in practice an overseas territory
Overseas departments and territories of France
The French Overseas Departments and Territories consist broadly of French-administered territories outside of the European continent. These territories have varying legal status and different levels of autonomy, although all have representation in the Parliament of France , and consequently the...
) of France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, comprising a main island
Island
An island or isle is any piece of sub-continental land that is surrounded by water. Very small islands such as emergent land features on atolls can be called islets, cays or keys. An island in a river or lake may be called an eyot , or holm...
(Grande Terre), the Loyalty Islands
Loyalty Islands
The Loyalty Islands are an archipelago in the Pacific. They are part of the French territory of New Caledonia, whose mainland is away. They form the Loyalty Islands Province , one of the three provinces of New Caledonia...
, and several smaller islands. It is located in the region
Subregion
A subregion is a conceptual unit which derives from a larger region or continent and is usually based on location. Cardinal directions, such as south or southern, are commonly used to define a subregion.- United Nations subregions :...
of Melanesia
Melanesia
Melanesia is a subregion of Oceania extending from the western end of the Pacific Ocean to the Arafura Sea, and eastward to Fiji. The region comprises most of the islands immediately north and northeast of Australia...
in the southwest Pacific
Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south, bounded by Asia and Australia in the west, and the Americas in the east.At 165.2 million square kilometres in area, this largest division of the World...
. At about half the size of Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...
, it has a land area of 18,575.5 square kilometres (7,172 sq mi). The population was 244,600 inhabitants as of January 2008 official estimates. The capital and largest city of the territory is Nouméa
Nouméa
Nouméa is the capital city of the French territory of New Caledonia. It is situated on a peninsula in the south of New Caledonia's main island, Grande Terre, and is home to the majority of the island's European, Polynesian , Indonesian, and Vietnamese populations, as well as many Melanesians,...
. The currency
Currency
In economics, currency refers to a generally accepted medium of exchange. These are usually the coins and banknotes of a particular government, which comprise the physical aspects of a nation's money supply...
is the CFP franc
CFP franc
The CFP franc is the currency used in the French overseas collectivities of French Polynesia, New Caledonia and Wallis and Futuna. The initials CFP originally stood for Colonies Françaises du Pacifique...
.
Since 1986 the United Nations
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
Committee on Decolonization
Decolonization
Decolonization refers to the undoing of colonialism, the unequal relation of polities whereby one people or nation establishes and maintains dependent Territory over another...
has included New Caledonia on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories
United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories
The United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories is a list of countries that, according to the United Nations, are non-decolonized. The list was initially prepared in 1946 pursuant to Chapter XI of the United Nations Charter, and has been updated by the General Assembly on recommendation...
. New Caledonia will decide whether to remain within the French Republic or become an independent state in a referendum
Referendum
A referendum is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. This may result in the adoption of a new constitution, a constitutional amendment, a law, the recall of an elected official or simply a specific government policy. It is a form of...
sometime after 2014.
Its capital Nouméa
Nouméa
Nouméa is the capital city of the French territory of New Caledonia. It is situated on a peninsula in the south of New Caledonia's main island, Grande Terre, and is home to the majority of the island's European, Polynesian , Indonesian, and Vietnamese populations, as well as many Melanesians,...
is the seat of the regional
Subregion
A subregion is a conceptual unit which derives from a larger region or continent and is usually based on location. Cardinal directions, such as south or southern, are commonly used to define a subregion.- United Nations subregions :...
organization
International organization
An intergovernmental organization, sometimes rendered as an international governmental organization and both abbreviated as IGO, is an organization composed primarily of sovereign states , or of other intergovernmental organizations...
the Secretariat of the Pacific Community
Secretariat of the Pacific Community
The Secretariat of the Pacific Community, or SPC , is a regional intergovernmental organisation whose membership includes both nations and territories...
(formerly the South Pacific Commission).
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to New Caledonia:
General reference
- Pronunciation: njuː ˌkælɨˈdoʊnjə
- Common English country name: New CaledoniaNew CaledoniaNew Caledonia is a special collectivity of France located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, east of Australia and about from Metropolitan France. The archipelago, part of the Melanesia subregion, includes the main island of Grande Terre, the Loyalty Islands, the Belep archipelago, the Isle of...
- Official English country name: New CaledoniaNew CaledoniaNew Caledonia is a special collectivity of France located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, east of Australia and about from Metropolitan France. The archipelago, part of the Melanesia subregion, includes the main island of Grande Terre, the Loyalty Islands, the Belep archipelago, the Isle of...
- Common endonym(s): List of countries and capitals in native languages
- Official endonym(s): List of official endonyms of present-day nations and states
- Adjectival(s): New CaledonianNew CaledonianNew Caledonian may refer to:* Something of, from, or related to New Caledonia, an overseas territory of France, located in the region of Melanesia in the southwest Pacific...
- Demonym(s):
- EtymologyEtymologyEtymology is the study of the history of words, their origins, and how their form and meaning have changed over time.For languages with a long written history, etymologists make use of texts in these languages and texts about the languages to gather knowledge about how words were used during...
: Name of New Caledonia - ISO country codes: NC, NCL, 540
- ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:NC
- InternetInternetThe Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite to serve billions of users worldwide...
country code top-level domainCountry code top-level domainA country code top-level domain is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country, a sovereign state, or a dependent territory....
: .nc.nc.nc is the Internet country code top-level domain for New Caledonia.The second-level domain .nc.us, within the .us country code domain, is for the U.S...
Geography of New Caledonia
- New Caledonia is: a "sui generisSui generisSui generis is a Latin expression, literally meaning of its own kind/genus or unique in its characteristics. The expression is often used in analytic philosophy to indicate an idea, an entity, or a reality which cannot be included in a wider concept....
collectivity" (in practice an overseas territoryOverseas departments and territories of FranceThe French Overseas Departments and Territories consist broadly of French-administered territories outside of the European continent. These territories have varying legal status and different levels of autonomy, although all have representation in the Parliament of France , and consequently the...
) of FranceFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France... - Location:
- Southern HemisphereSouthern HemisphereThe Southern Hemisphere is the part of Earth that lies south of the equator. The word hemisphere literally means 'half ball' or "half sphere"...
and Eastern HemisphereEastern HemisphereThe Eastern Hemisphere, also Eastern hemisphere or eastern hemisphere, is a geographical term for the half of the Earth that is east of the Prime Meridian and west of 180° longitude. It is also used to refer to Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australasia, vis-à-vis the Western Hemisphere, which includes...
- Pacific OceanPacific OceanThe Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south, bounded by Asia and Australia in the west, and the Americas in the east.At 165.2 million square kilometres in area, this largest division of the World...
- West Pacific
- South Pacific Ocean
- OceaniaOceaniaOceania is a region centered on the islands of the tropical Pacific Ocean. Conceptions of what constitutes Oceania range from the coral atolls and volcanic islands of the South Pacific to the entire insular region between Asia and the Americas, including Australasia and the Malay Archipelago...
- MelanesiaMelanesiaMelanesia is a subregion of Oceania extending from the western end of the Pacific Ocean to the Arafura Sea, and eastward to Fiji. The region comprises most of the islands immediately north and northeast of Australia...
- Melanesia
- Oceania
- South Pacific Ocean
- West Pacific
- Pacific Ocean
- Time zoneTime zoneA time zone is a region on Earth that has a uniform standard time for legal, commercial, and social purposes. In order for the same clock time to always correspond to the same portion of the day as the Earth rotates , different places on the Earth need to have different clock times...
: UTC+11UTC+11UTC+11 is an identifier for a +11 hour time offset from UTC. This time is used in:-As standard time :*Federated States of Micronesia**Kosrae, Pohnpei and surrounding area*New Caledonia*Solomon Islands*Vanuatu*Russia... - Extreme points of New Caledonia
- High: Mont PanieMont PaniéMont Panié is the highest peak of New Caledonia with 1,628 meters. It is situated in the range Chaîne Centrale....
1628 m (5,341 ft) - Low: Coral SeaCoral SeaThe Coral Sea is a marginal sea off the northeast coast of Australia. It is bounded in the west by the east coast of Queensland, thereby including the Great Barrier Reef, in the east by Vanuatu and by New Caledonia, and in the north approximately by the southern extremity of the Solomon Islands...
0 m
- High: Mont Panie
- Land boundaries: none
- Coastline: South Pacific Ocean 2,254 km
- Southern Hemisphere
- PopulationPopulationA population is all the organisms that both belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area. The area that is used to define a sexual population is such that inter-breeding is possible between any pair within the area and more probable than cross-breeding with individuals...
of New Caledonia: 244,600 (January 1, 2008) - —th most populous country - AreaAreaArea is a quantity that expresses the extent of a two-dimensional surface or shape in the plane. Area can be understood as the amount of material with a given thickness that would be necessary to fashion a model of the shape, or the amount of paint necessary to cover the surface with a single coat...
of New Caledonia: 18,575 km2 - Atlas of New Caledonia
Environment of New Caledonia
- Tropical ClimateTropical climateA tropical climate is a climate of the tropics. In the Köppen climate classification it is a non-arid climate in which all twelve months have mean temperatures above...
- Environmental issues in New Caledonia
- Ecoregions in New Caledonia
- Renewable energy in New Caledonia
- Geology of New Caledonia
- Protected areas of New Caledonia
- Biosphere reserves in New Caledonia
- National parks of New Caledonia
- Wildlife of New Caledonia
- Flora of New Caledonia
- Fauna of New Caledonia
- Birds of New Caledonia
- Mammals of New Caledonia
Natural geographic features of New Caledonia
- Fjords of New Caledonia
- Glaciers of New Caledonia
- Islands of New Caledonia
- Lakes of New Caledonia
- Mountains of New Caledonia
- Volcanoes in New Caledonia
- Rivers of New Caledonia
- Waterfalls of New Caledonia
- Valleys of New Caledonia
- World Heritage Sites in New Caledonia
Administrative divisions of New Caledonia
- Provinces of New Caledonia
- Districts of New Caledonia
- Municipalities of New Caledonia
- Districts of New Caledonia
Municipalities of New Caledonia
- Capital of New Caledonia: Nouméa
- Cities of New Caledonia
Government and politics of New Caledonia
- Main article: Government of New Caledonia and Politics of New CaledoniaPolitics of New CaledoniaNew Caledonia is an French overseas country with a system of government based on parliamentarism and representative democracy. The President of the Government is the head of government, and there is a multi-party system, with Executive power being exercised by the government. Legislative power is...
- Form of governmentForm of governmentA form of government, or form of state governance, refers to the set of political institutions by which a government of a state is organized. Synonyms include "regime type" and "system of government".-Empirical and conceptual problems:...
: - Capital of New Caledonia: Nouméa
- Elections in New CaledoniaElections in New CaledoniaElections in New Caledonia gives information on election and election results in New Caledonia.New Caledonia elects a legislature. The Territorial Congress has 54 members, being the members of the four regional councils, all elected for a five year term by proportional representation.New Caledonia...
- (specific elections)
- Political parties in New Caledonia
- Political scandals of New Caledonia
- Taxation in New Caledonia
- Form of government
Executive branch of the government of New Caledonia
- Head of stateHead of StateA head of state is the individual that serves as the chief public representative of a monarchy, republic, federation, commonwealth or other kind of state. His or her role generally includes legitimizing the state and exercising the political powers, functions, and duties granted to the head of...
: President of New Caledonia, - Head of governmentHead of governmentHead of government is the chief officer of the executive branch of a government, often presiding over a cabinet. In a parliamentary system, the head of government is often styled prime minister, chief minister, premier, etc...
: Prime Minister of New Caledonia, - Cabinet of New Caledonia
Legislative branch of the government of New Caledonia
- Parliament of New Caledonia (bicameral)
- Upper houseUpper houseAn upper house, often called a senate, is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house; a legislature composed of only one house is described as unicameral.- Possible specific characteristics :...
: Senate of New Caledonia - Lower houseLower houseA lower house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the upper house.Despite its official position "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide the lower house has come to wield more power...
: House of Commons of New Caledonia
- Upper house
Foreign relations of New Caledonia
- Diplomatic missions in New Caledonia
- Diplomatic missions of New Caledonia
- France-New Caledonia relations
International organization membership
New Caledonia is a member of:- International Trade Union ConfederationInternational Trade Union ConfederationThe International Trade Union Confederation is the world's largest trade union federation. It was formed on November 1, 2006 out of the merger of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions and the World Confederation of Labour...
(ITUC) - Pacific Islands ForumPacific Islands ForumThe Pacific Islands Forum is an inter-governmental organization that aims to enhance cooperation between the independent countries of the Pacific Ocean. It was founded in 1971 as the South Pacific Forum...
(PIF) (associate member) - Secretariat of the Pacific CommunitySecretariat of the Pacific CommunityThe Secretariat of the Pacific Community, or SPC , is a regional intergovernmental organisation whose membership includes both nations and territories...
(SPC) - Universal Postal UnionUniversal Postal UnionThe Universal Postal Union is an international organization that coordinates postal policies among member nations, in addition to the worldwide postal system. The UPU contains four bodies consisting of the Congress, the Council of Administration , the Postal Operations Council and the...
(UPU) - World Federation of Trade UnionsWorld Federation of Trade UnionsThe World Federation of Trade Unions was established in 1945 to replace the International Federation of Trade Unions. Its mission was to bring together trade unions across the world in a single international organization, much like the United Nations...
(WFTU) - World Meteorological OrganizationWorld Meteorological OrganizationThe World Meteorological Organization is an intergovernmental organization with a membership of 189 Member States and Territories. It originated from the International Meteorological Organization , which was founded in 1873...
(WMO)
Military of New Caledonia
- Command
- Commander-in-chiefCommander-in-ChiefA commander-in-chief is the commander of a nation's military forces or significant element of those forces. In the latter case, the force element may be defined as those forces within a particular region or those forces which are associated by function. As a practical term it refers to the military...
: Brigadier General Martial de Braquilanges- Ministry of Defence of New Caledonia
- Commander-in-chief
- Forces
- Army of New Caledonia
- Navy of New Caledonia
- Air Force of New Caledonia
- Special forces of New Caledonia
- Military history of New Caledonia
- Military ranks of New Caledonia
Culture of New Caledonia
- Architecture of New Caledonia
- Cuisine of New Caledonia
- Ethnic minorities in New Caledonia
- Festivals in New Caledonia
- Humor in New Caledonia
- Languages of New Caledonia
- Media in New Caledonia
- National symbols of New Caledonia
- Coat of arms of New Caledonia
- Flag of New CaledoniaFlag of New CaledoniaUp to 2010, the only official flag of New Caledonia, an overseas territory of France, was the French tricolor. However, with the official adoption of the Kanak flag alongside the French tricolor in July 2010, New Caledonia has become one of the few countries or territories in world with two...
- National Anthem of New CaledoniaLa Marseillaise"La Marseillaise" is the national anthem of France. The song, originally titled "Chant de guerre pour l'Armée du Rhin" was written and composed by Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle in 1792. The French National Convention adopted it as the Republic's anthem in 1795...
- People of New Caledonia
- Prostitution in New Caledonia
- Public holidays in New Caledonia
- Records of New Caledonia
- Religion in New Caledonia
- Buddhism in New Caledonia
- Christianity in New Caledonia
- Hinduism in New CaledoniaHinduism in New CaledoniaHinduism originally came to New Caledonia with Indians who worked as indentured servants of European settlers of the island. There are about 500 New Caledonians of Indian Tamil descent...
- Islam in New CaledoniaIslam in New CaledoniaIslam in New Caledonia is a minority faith . The first Muslims in New Caledonia were the Berber and Arabs who were brought there by the French forces took them there during the colonisation in the Maghreb. These original Muslims came from Algeria and Morocco, and more Muslims later came to New...
- Judaism in New Caledonia
- Sikhism in New Caledonia
- World Heritage Sites in New Caledonia
Art in New Caledonia
- Art in New Caledonia
- Cinema of New Caledonia
- Literature of New Caledonia
- Music of New CaledoniaMusic of New CaledoniaThe music of New Caledonia includes a folk music heritage in the Melanesian tradition. The Pacific Tempo is an important music festival, held every three years in Noumea; the biennial equinox is also an important celebration....
- Television in New Caledonia
- Theatre in New Caledonia
Economy and infrastructure of New Caledonia
- Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 147th (one hundred and forty seventh)
- Agriculture in New Caledonia
- Banking in New Caledonia
- National Bank of New Caledonia
- Communications in New CaledoniaCommunications in New CaledoniaTelephones - main lines in use:53,300 Telephones - mobile cellular:116,400 Telephone system:domestic:NAinternational:satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat...
- Internet in New Caledonia
- Companies of New Caledonia
- Currency of New CaledoniaCurrencyIn economics, currency refers to a generally accepted medium of exchange. These are usually the coins and banknotes of a particular government, which comprise the physical aspects of a nation's money supply...
: FrancCFP francThe CFP franc is the currency used in the French overseas collectivities of French Polynesia, New Caledonia and Wallis and Futuna. The initials CFP originally stood for Colonies Françaises du Pacifique...
- Economic history of New Caledonia
- Energy in New Caledonia
- Energy policy of New Caledonia
- Oil industry in New Caledonia
- Mining in New Caledonia
- Tourism in New CaledoniaTourism in New Caledoniathumb|rightNew Caledonia was "largely indifferent to tourists ... as long as nickel mining remained economically dominant" . After the Korean War and Vietnam War, world prices for nickel collapsed and aggressive marketing campaigns were initiated for the territory.-Paris of the Pacific:Cheap...
- Transport in New CaledoniaTransport in New CaledoniaRailways:0 km .Highways:total:5,562 kmpaved:975 kmunpaved:4,587 km Ports and harbors:Mueo, Nouméa, ThioMerchant marine:total:...
- New Caledonia Stock Exchange
Infrastructure of New Caledonia
- Health care in New Caledonia
- Transportation in New Caledonia
- Airports in New Caledonia
- Rail transport in New Caledonia
- Roads in New Caledonia
- Water supply and sanitation in New Caledonia
See also
- Index of New Caledonia-related articles
- List of international rankings
- List of New Caledonia-related topics
- Outline of France
- Outline of geographyOutline of geographyThe following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to geography:Geography – science that studies the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of Earth.- Geography is :...
- Outline of OceaniaOutline of OceaniaOceania is a geographical, and often geopolitical, region consisting of numerous lands—mostly islands in the Pacific Ocean and vicinity. The term is also sometimes used to denote a continent comprising Australia and proximate Pacific islands,....
External links
- Official website
- Lonely Planet WorldGuide profile Website for l'Association Endemia: New Caledonian biodiversity past and current developments of France's overseas administrative divisions like New Caledonia Brousse-en-folie A popular local comic strip series
- General information and maps of the provinces, municipalities and the tribal zones
Tourism Tourism Information of New-Caledonia