The Republic of Madagascar, formerly the Malagasy Republic, is a sovereign island nation

Island nation

An island country is a state whose primary territory consists of one or more islands or parts of islands. As of 2011, 47 of the 193 UN member states are island countries.-Politics:...

 located in the Indian Ocean

Indian Ocean

The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's oceanic divisions, covering approximately 20% of the water on the Earth's surface. It is bounded on the north by the Indian Subcontinent and Arabian Peninsula ; on the west by eastern Africa; on the east by Indochina, the Sunda Islands, and...

 off the southeastern coast of Africa

Africa

Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...

. The Island of Madagascar is the fourth-largest island in the world, and is home to 5% of the world's plant

Plant

Plants are living organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. Precise definitions of the kingdom vary, but as the term is used here, plants include familiar organisms such as trees, flowers, herbs, bushes, grasses, vines, ferns, mosses, and green algae. The group is also called green plants or...

 and animal

Animal

Animals are a major group of multicellular, eukaryotic organisms of the kingdom Animalia or Metazoa. Their body plan eventually becomes fixed as they develop, although some undergo a process of metamorphosis later on in their life. Most animals are motile, meaning they can move spontaneously and...

 species

Species

In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...

, of which more than 80% are endemic to Madagascar. They include the lemur

Lemur

Lemurs are a clade of strepsirrhine primates endemic to the island of Madagascar. They are named after the lemures of Roman mythology due to the ghostly vocalizations, reflective eyes, and the nocturnal habits of some species...

 infraorder of primate

Primate

A primate is a mammal of the order Primates , which contains prosimians and simians. Primates arose from ancestors that lived in the trees of tropical forests; many primate characteristics represent adaptations to life in this challenging three-dimensional environment...

s, the carnivorous fossa

Fossa (animal)

The fossa is a cat-like, carnivorous mammal that is endemic to Madagascar. It is a member of the Eupleridae, a family of carnivorans closely related to the mongoose family . Its classification has been controversial because its physical traits resemble those of cats, yet other traits suggest a...

, three bird

Bird

Birds are feathered, winged, bipedal, endothermic , egg-laying, vertebrate animals. Around 10,000 living species and 188 families makes them the most speciose class of tetrapod vertebrates. They inhabit ecosystems across the globe, from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Extant birds range in size from...

 families

Family (biology)

In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...

 and six baobab

Baobab

Adansonia is a genus of eight species of tree, six native to Madagascar, one native to mainland Africa and the Arabian Peninsula and one to Australia. The mainland African species also occurs on Madagascar, but it is not a native of that island....

 species.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Madagascar:

General reference

• Pronunciation
  International Phonetic Alphabet
  The International Phonetic Alphabet "The acronym 'IPA' strictly refers [...] to the 'International Phonetic Association'. But it is now such a common practice to use the acronym also to refer to the alphabet itself that resistance seems pedantic...
  
  :
• Common English country name: Madagascar
  Madagascar
  The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...
  
  
• Official English country name: The Republic of Madagascar
• Common endonym(s):
• Official endonym(s):
• Adjectival(s): Malagasy
  Madagascar (disambiguation)
  Madagascar is an island nation located off the eastern coast of Africa.Madagascar may also refer to:In sport:*Madagascar national football team*Madagascar national rugby union team*Madagascar Davis Cup team*Madagascar Fed Cup team...
  
  
• Demonym(s):
• Etymology
  Etymology
  Etymology is the study of the history of words, their origins, and how their form and meaning have changed over time.For languages with a long written history, etymologists make use of texts in these languages and texts about the languages to gather knowledge about how words were used during...
  
  : Name of Madagascar
• International rankings of Madagascar
  International rankings of Madagascar
  - International rankings :...
  
  
• ISO country codes: MG, MDG, 450
• ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:MG
  ISO 3166-2:MG
  ISO 3166-2:MG is the entry for Madagascar in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization , which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.Currently for Madagascar, ISO 3166-2 codes...
  
  
• Internet
  Internet
  The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite to serve billions of users worldwide...
  
   country code top-level domain
  Country code top-level domain
  A country code top-level domain is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country, a sovereign state, or a dependent territory....
  
  : .mg
  .mg
  .mg is the Internet country code top-level domain for Madagascar.- Second-level domains :Registrations are taken directly at the second level, or at the third level beneath the following second level names:* .org.mg: Organizations...
  
  

Geography of Madagascar

• Madagascar is: a country
• Location:
  • Eastern Hemisphere
    Eastern Hemisphere
    The Eastern Hemisphere, also Eastern hemisphere or eastern hemisphere, is a geographical term for the half of the Earth that is east of the Prime Meridian and west of 180° longitude. It is also used to refer to Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australasia, vis-à-vis the Western Hemisphere, which includes...
    
     and Southern Hemisphere
    Southern Hemisphere
    The Southern Hemisphere is the part of Earth that lies south of the equator. The word hemisphere literally means 'half ball' or "half sphere"...
    
    
  • Africa
    Africa
    Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
    
     (off its east coast)
    • East Africa
      East Africa
      East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easterly region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. In the UN scheme of geographic regions, 19 territories constitute Eastern Africa:...
      
      
    • Southern Africa
      Southern Africa
      Southern Africa is the southernmost region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. Within the region are numerous territories, including the Republic of South Africa ; nowadays, the simpler term South Africa is generally reserved for the country in English.-UN...
      
      
  • Indian Ocean
    Indian Ocean
    The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's oceanic divisions, covering approximately 20% of the water on the Earth's surface. It is bounded on the north by the Indian Subcontinent and Arabian Peninsula ; on the west by eastern Africa; on the east by Indochina, the Sunda Islands, and...
    
    
  • Time zone
    Time zone
    A time zone is a region on Earth that has a uniform standard time for legal, commercial, and social purposes. In order for the same clock time to always correspond to the same portion of the day as the Earth rotates , different places on the Earth need to have different clock times...
    
    : East Africa Time
    East Africa Time
    East Africa Time, or EAT, is a time zone used in eastern Africa. The zone is three hours ahead of UTC , which is the same as Arabia Standard Time, and also the same as Eastern European Summer Time....
    
     (UTC+03)
  • Extreme points of Madagascar
    • High: Maromokotro
      Maromokotro
      Maromokotro is the highest mountain on Madagascar at high. It is located in the Tsaratanana Massif in the northern part of the island.-External links:* Picture of Maromokotro...
      
       2876 m (9,436 ft)
    • Low: Indian Ocean
      Indian Ocean
      The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's oceanic divisions, covering approximately 20% of the water on the Earth's surface. It is bounded on the north by the Indian Subcontinent and Arabian Peninsula ; on the west by eastern Africa; on the east by Indochina, the Sunda Islands, and...
      
       0 m
  • Land boundaries: none
  • Coastline: Indian Ocean
    Indian Ocean
    The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's oceanic divisions, covering approximately 20% of the water on the Earth's surface. It is bounded on the north by the Indian Subcontinent and Arabian Peninsula ; on the west by eastern Africa; on the east by Indochina, the Sunda Islands, and...
    
     4,828 km
• Population of Madagascar: 19,683,000 - 55th most populous country

• Area of Madagascar: 587,041 km²
• Atlas of Madagascar

Environment of Madagascar

• Climate of Madagascar
• Environmental issues in Madagascar
• Ecoregions in Madagascar
• Renewable energy in Madagascar
• Geology of Madagascar
• Protected areas of Madagascar
  • Biosphere reserves in Madagascar
  • National parks of Madagascar
• Wildlife of Madagascar
  Wildlife of Madagascar
  The wildlife of Madagascar is composed of its flora and fauna. The island has been isolated for about 70 million years. Because of this, a very high proportion of the plants and animals are endemic, occurring nowhere else in the world. Many species are related to those found in mainland Africa but...
  
  
  • Flora of Madagascar
  • Fauna of Madagascar
    • Birds of Madagascar
    • Mammals of Madagascar

Natural geographic features of Madagascar

• Glaciers in Madagascar: none
• Islands of Madagascar
• Lakes of Madagascar
• Mountains of Madagascar
  • Volcanoes in Madagascar
• Rivers of Madagascar
  • Waterfalls of Madagascar
• Valleys of Madagascar
• World Heritage Sites in Madagascar

Ecoregions of Madagascar

Administrative divisions of Madagascar

• Provinces of Madagascar
  Provinces of Madagascar
  ||Madagascar is divided into six "autonomous provinces" :#Antananarivo Province#Antsiranana Province#Fianarantsoa Province#Mahajanga Province#Toamasina Province#Toliara Province...
  
  
  • Regions of Madagascar
    Regions of Madagascar
    ||Madagascar is divided into 22 regions . These formerly second-tier administrative divisions became the first-level administrative divisions when the former six provinces were dissolved on 4 October 2009:- See also :* Subdivisions of Madagascar...
    
    
    • Districts of Madagascar
      Districts of Madagascar
      Districts are second-level administrative divisions of Madagascar below the regions. Districts are in their turn divided into communes; while some of the districts on urban areas such as the district of Toliara consists of only one commune, most of the districts are divided typically into...
      
      

Municipalities of Madagascar

• Capital of Madagascar: Antananarivo
• Cities of Madagascar

Government and politics of Madagascar

Main article: Government of Madagascar and Politics of Madagascar

Politics of Madagascar

Politics of Madagascar takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Madagascar is head of state and the Prime Minister of Madagascar is head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the...

• Form of government
  Form of government
  A form of government, or form of state governance, refers to the set of political institutions by which a government of a state is organized. Synonyms include "regime type" and "system of government".-Empirical and conceptual problems:...
  
  : semi-presidential
  Semi-presidential system
  The semi-presidential system is a system of government in which a president and a prime minister are both active participants in the day-to-day administration of the state...
  
   representative democratic
  Representative democracy
  Representative democracy is a form of government founded on the principle of elected individuals representing the people, as opposed to autocracy and direct democracy...
  
   republic
  Republic
  A republic is a form of government in which the people, or some significant portion of them, have supreme control over the government and where offices of state are elected or chosen by elected people. In modern times, a common simplified definition of a republic is a government where the head of...
  
  
• Capital of Madagascar: Antananarivo
• Elections in Madagascar
  Elections in Madagascar
  Elections in Madagascar gives information on election and election results in Madagascar.Madagascar elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people. The Parliament has two chambers...
  
  
  • (specific elections)
• Political parties in Madagascar
• Political scandals of Madagascar
• Taxation in Madagascar

Executive branch of the government of Madagascar

• Head of state
  Head of State
  A head of state is the individual that serves as the chief public representative of a monarchy, republic, federation, commonwealth or other kind of state. His or her role generally includes legitimizing the state and exercising the political powers, functions, and duties granted to the head of...
  
  : President of Madagascar, Marc Ravalomanana
  Marc Ravalomanana
  Marc Ravalomanana is a Malagasy politician who was the President of Madagascar from 2002 to 2009. A member of the Merina ethnic group, Ravalomanana served as Mayor of Antananarivo before becoming President in 2002...
  
  
• Head of government
  Head of government
  Head of government is the chief officer of the executive branch of a government, often presiding over a cabinet. In a parliamentary system, the head of government is often styled prime minister, chief minister, premier, etc...
  
  : Prime Minister of Madagascar
  Prime Minister of Madagascar
  This page contains a list of the Prime Ministers of Madagascar.-Prime Ministers of Madagascar :-Affiliations:*PSD - Social Democratic Party of Madagascar and the Comoros...
  
  , Charles Rabemananjara
  Charles Rabemananjara
  Charles Rabemananjara is a former Prime Minister of Madagascar. He took office on 20 January 2007 at the beginning of the second term of President Marc Ravalomanana...
  
  
• Cabinet of Madagascar

Legislative branch of the government of Madagascar

• Parliament of Madagascar
  Parliament of Madagascar
  The Parliament of Madagascar has two chambers.*the National Assembly has 160 members, elected for a four year term in single-member and two-member constituencies...
  
   (bicameral)
  • Upper house
    Upper house
    An upper house, often called a senate, is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the lower house; a legislature composed of only one house is described as unicameral.- Possible specific characteristics :...
    
    : Senate of Madagascar
    Senate of Madagascar
    The Senate of Madagascar is the upper chamber of the bicameral Parliament of Madagascar. The Senate has 33 members: 22 are indirectly elected, one from each of the 22 regions of Madagascar, and 11 are appointed by the President....
    
    
  • Lower house
    Lower house
    A lower house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the upper house.Despite its official position "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide the lower house has come to wield more power...
    
    : National Assembly of Madagascar
    National Assembly of Madagascar
    The Parliament has two chambers. The lower house is the National Assembly .The Assembly has 160 members, elected for a four year term in single-member and two-member constituencies...
    
    

Judicial branch of the government of Madagascar

• Supreme Court of Madagascar

Foreign relations of Madagascar

• Diplomatic missions in Madagascar
• Diplomatic missions of Madagascar
  Diplomatic missions of Madagascar
  This is a list of diplomatic missions of Madagascar, excluding honorary consulates. Madagascar is beginning to expand its diplomatic presence abroad.-Europe:** Brussels ** Paris ** Marseille...
  
  

International organization membership

The Republic of Madagascar is a member of:

• African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States (ACP)
• African Development Bank Group (AfDB)
• African Union
  African Union
  The African Union is a union consisting of 54 African states. The only all-African state not in the AU is Morocco. Established on 9 July 2002, the AU was formed as a successor to the Organisation of African Unity...
  
   (AU)
• Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
  Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
  The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa, is a free trade area with nineteen member states stretching from Libya to Zimbabwe. COMESA formed in December 1994, replacing a Preferential Trade Area which had existed since 1981...
  
   (COMESA)
• Food and Agriculture Organization
  Food and Agriculture Organization
  The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations is a specialised agency of the United Nations that leads international efforts to defeat hunger. Serving both developed and developing countries, FAO acts as a neutral forum where all nations meet as equals to negotiate agreements and...
  
   (FAO)
• Group of 77
  Group of 77
  The Group of 77 at the United Nations is a loose coalition of developing nations, designed to promote its members' collective economic interests and create an enhanced joint negotiating capacity in the United Nations. There were 77 founding members of the organization, but the organization has...
  
   (G77)
• Indian Ocean Commission
  Indian Ocean Commission
  The Indian Ocean Commission , known as the Commission de l'Océan Indien in French, is an intergovernmental organization that joins Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, France , and the Seychelles together to encourage cooperation. It was started in January 1984 under the General Victoria Agreement...
  
   (InOC)
• International Atomic Energy Agency
  International Atomic Energy Agency
  The International Atomic Energy Agency is an international organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons. The IAEA was established as an autonomous organization on 29 July 1957...
  
   (IAEA)
• International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
  International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
  The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development is one of five institutions that compose the World Bank Group. The IBRD is an international organization whose original mission was to finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by World War II. Now, its mission has expanded to fight...
  
   (IBRD)
• International Chamber of Commerce
  International Chamber of Commerce
  The International Chamber of Commerce is the largest, most representative business organization in the world. Its hundreds of thousands of member companies in over 130 countries have interests spanning every sector of private enterprise....
  
   (ICC)
• International Civil Aviation Organization
  International Civil Aviation Organization
  The International Civil Aviation Organization , pronounced , , is a specialized agency of the United Nations. It codifies the principles and techniques of international air navigation and fosters the planning and development of international air transport to ensure safe and orderly growth...
  
   (ICAO)
• International Criminal Court
  International Criminal Court
  The International Criminal Court is a permanent tribunal to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression .It came into being on 1 July 2002—the date its founding treaty, the Rome Statute of the...
  
   (ICCt)
• International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)
• International Development Association
  International Development Association
  The International Development Association , is the part of the World Bank that helps the world’s poorest countries. It complements the World Bank's other lending arm — the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development — which serves middle-income countries with capital investment and...
  
   (IDA)
• International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
  International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
  The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies is a humanitarian institution that is part of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement along with the ICRC and 186 distinct National Societies...
  
   (IFRCS)
• International Finance Corporation
  International Finance Corporation
  The International Finance Corporation promotes sustainable private sector investment in developing countries.IFC is a member of the World Bank Group and is headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States....
  
   (IFC)
• International Fund for Agricultural Development
  International Fund for Agricultural Development
  The International Fund for Agricultural Development , a specialized agency of the United Nations, was established as an international financial institution in 1977 as one of the major outcomes of the 1974 World Food Conference. IFAD is dedicated to eradicating rural poverty in developing countries...
  
   (IFAD)
• International Labour Organization
  International Labour Organization
  The International Labour Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations that deals with labour issues pertaining to international labour standards. Its headquarters are in Geneva, Switzerland. Its secretariat — the people who are employed by it throughout the world — is known as the...
  
   (ILO)
• International Maritime Organization
  International Maritime Organization
  The International Maritime Organization , formerly known as the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization , was established in Geneva in 1948, and came into force ten years later, meeting for the first time in 1959...
  
   (IMO)
• International Monetary Fund
  International Monetary Fund
  The International Monetary Fund is an organization of 187 countries, working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world...
  
   (IMF)
• International Olympic Committee
  International Olympic Committee
  The International Olympic Committee is an international corporation based in Lausanne, Switzerland, created by Pierre de Coubertin on 23 June 1894 with Demetrios Vikelas as its first president...
  
   (IOC)
• International Organization for Migration
  International Organization for Migration
  The International Organization for Migration is an intergovernmental organization. It was initially established in 1951 as the Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration to help resettle people displaced by World War II....
  
   (IOM)
• International Organization for Standardization
  International Organization for Standardization
  The International Organization for Standardization , widely known as ISO, is an international standard-setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations. Founded on February 23, 1947, the organization promulgates worldwide proprietary, industrial and commercial...
  
   (ISO) (correspondent)

• International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
  International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement
  The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is an international humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million volunteers, members and staff worldwide which was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure respect for all human beings, and to prevent and alleviate human...
  
   (ICRM)
• International Telecommunication Union
  International Telecommunication Union
  The International Telecommunication Union is the specialized agency of the United Nations which is responsible for information and communication technologies...
  
   (ITU)
• International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
  International Telecommunications Satellite Organization
  The International Telecommunications Satellite Organization is an intergovernmental organisation charged with overseeing the public service obligations of Intelsat.-External links:*...
  
   (ITSO)
• International Trade Union Confederation
  International Trade Union Confederation
  The International Trade Union Confederation is the world's largest trade union federation. It was formed on November 1, 2006 out of the merger of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions and the World Confederation of Labour...
  
   (ITUC)
• Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)
• Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
  Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
  The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency is a member organization of the World Bank Group that offers political risk insurance. It was established to promote foreign direct investment into developing countries. MIGA was founded in 1988 with a capital base of $1 billion and is headquartered in...
  
   (MIGA)
• Nonaligned Movement (NAM)
• Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF)
• Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
• Southern African Development Community
  Southern African Development Community
  The Southern African Development Community is an inter-governmental organization headquartered in Gaborone, Botswana. Its goal is to further socio-economic cooperation and integration as well as political and security cooperation among 15 southern African states...
  
   (SADC)
• United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
  United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
  The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development was established in 1964 as a permanent intergovernmental body. It is the principal organ of the United Nations General Assembly dealing with trade, investment, and development issues....
  
   (UNCTAD)
• United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
• United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
  United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
  The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees , also known as The UN Refugee Agency is a United Nations agency mandated to protect and support refugees at the request of a government or the UN itself and assists in their voluntary repatriation, local integration or resettlement to...
  
   (UNHCR)
• United Nations Industrial Development Organization
  United Nations Industrial Development Organization
  The United Nations Industrial Development Organization , French/Spanish acronym ONUDI, is a specialized agency in the United Nations system, headquartered in Vienna, Austria...
  
   (UNIDO)
• Universal Postal Union
  Universal Postal Union
  The Universal Postal Union is an international organization that coordinates postal policies among member nations, in addition to the worldwide postal system. The UPU contains four bodies consisting of the Congress, the Council of Administration , the Postal Operations Council and the...
  
   (UPU)
• World Confederation of Labour
  World Confederation of Labour
  The World Confederation of Labour was an international labour organization founded in 1920 and based in Europe. Totalitarian governments of the 1930s repressed the federation and imprisoned many of its leaders, limiting operations until the end of World War II...
  
   (WCL)
• World Customs Organization
  World Customs Organization
  The World Customs Organization is an intergovernmental organization headquartered in Brussels, Belgium. With its worldwide membership, the WCO is recognized as the voice of the global customs community...
  
   (WCO)
• World Federation of Trade Unions
  World Federation of Trade Unions
  The World Federation of Trade Unions was established in 1945 to replace the International Federation of Trade Unions. Its mission was to bring together trade unions across the world in a single international organization, much like the United Nations...
  
   (WFTU)
• World Health Organization
  World Health Organization
  The World Health Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations that acts as a coordinating authority on international public health. Established on 7 April 1948, with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, the agency inherited the mandate and resources of its predecessor, the Health...
  
   (WHO)
• World Intellectual Property Organization
  World Intellectual Property Organization
  The World Intellectual Property Organization is one of the 17 specialized agencies of the United Nations. WIPO was created in 1967 "to encourage creative activity, to promote the protection of intellectual property throughout the world"....
  
   (WIPO)
• World Meteorological Organization
  World Meteorological Organization
  The World Meteorological Organization is an intergovernmental organization with a membership of 189 Member States and Territories. It originated from the International Meteorological Organization , which was founded in 1873...
  
   (WMO)
• World Tourism Organization
  World Tourism Organization
  The World Tourism Organization , based in Madrid, Spain, is a United Nations agency dealing with questions relating to tourism. It compiles the World Tourism rankings. The World Tourism Organization is a significant global body, concerned with the collection and collation of statistical information...
  
   (UNWTO)
• World Trade Organization
  World Trade Organization
  The World Trade Organization is an organization that intends to supervise and liberalize international trade. The organization officially commenced on January 1, 1995 under the Marrakech Agreement, replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade , which commenced in 1948...
  
   (WTO)

Law and order in Madagascar

• Capital punishment in Madagascar
• Constitution of Madagascar
  Constitution of Madagascar
  The constitution of Madagascar was adopted on 19 August 1992 after the first free elections in 17 years of single party rule.On November 22, 2010, the electoral commission of Madagascar announced that a new constitution had been endorsed in a referendum by 74 percent of voters. It put voter turnout...
  
  
• Crime in Madagascar
• Human rights in Madagascar
  Human rights in Madagascar
  Human rights in Madagascar are protected under the constitution. However the extent to which such rights are reflected in practice, is subject to debate. The 2009 Human Rights Report by the United States Department of State noted concerns regarding the suspension of democratic electoral processes...
  
  
  • LGBT rights in Madagascar
    LGBT rights in Madagascar
    Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender persons in Madagascar face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents.-Law regarding same-sex sexual activity:...
    
    
  • Freedom of religion in Madagascar
• Law enforcement in Madagascar
  Law enforcement in Madagascar
  The Law enforcement agencies of Madagascar include:*The Gendarmerie Nationale, the national police force of Madagascar, with 8100 staff operating under the Ministry of Defense. , *It is supplemented by a Presidential Security Regiment...
  
  

Military of Madagascar

• Command
  • Commander-in-chief
    Commander-in-Chief
    A commander-in-chief is the commander of a nation's military forces or significant element of those forces. In the latter case, the force element may be defined as those forces within a particular region or those forces which are associated by function. As a practical term it refers to the military...
    
    :
    • Ministry of Defence of Madagascar
• Forces
  • Army of Madagascar
  • Navy of Madagascar
  • Air Force of Madagascar
  • Special forces of Madagascar
• Military history of Madagascar
• Military ranks of Madagascar

History of Madagascar

Main articles: Timeline of the history of Madagascar, History of Madagascar

History of Madagascar

The history of Madagascar is distinguished by the early isolation of the landmass from the ancient supercontinents containing Africa and India, and by the island's late colonization by human settlers arriving in outrigger canoes from the Sunda islands between 200 BC and 500 AD...

, Current events of Madagascar

• Economic history of Madagascar
• Military history of Madagascar

Culture of Madagascar

• Architecture of Madagascar
  Architecture of Madagascar
  The architecture of Madagascar is unique in Africa, bearing strong resemblance to the construction norms and methods of Southern Borneo from which the earliest inhabitants of Madagascar are believed to have emigrated...
  
  
• Cuisine of Madagascar
  Cuisine of Madagascar
  Malagasy cuisine encompasses the many diverse culinary traditions of the Indian Ocean island of Madagascar. Foods eaten in Madagascar reflect the influence of Southeast Asian, African, Indian, Chinese and European migrants that have settled on the island since it was first populated by seafarers...
  
  
• Ethnic groups of Madagascar
  Ethnic groups of Madagascar
  The number of ethnic groups of Madagascar has long been a point of contention and debate. The island of Madagascar is predominantly populated by people broadly classified as belonging to the broader Malagasy ethnic identity...
  
  
• Ethnic minorities in Madagascar
• Festivals in Madagascar
• Humor in Madagascar
• Languages of Madagascar
  Languages of Madagascar
  The Malagasy language of Malayo-Polynesian origin, is generally spoken throughout the island. The official languages of Madagascar are Malagasy and French. Madagascar is a Francophone country, and French is spoken among the educated population of this former [French colony...
  
  
• Media in Madagascar
• National symbols of Madagascar
  • Coat of arms of Madagascar
    Coat of arms of Madagascar
    The seal of Madagascar includes an outline map of the island at the center , and below it the head of a Zebu. Colours used include red, green, yellow, black, and white...
    
    
  • Flag of Madagascar
    Flag of Madagascar
    The flag of Madagascar was adopted on 14 October 1958, two years before the independence of that nation, as Madagascar prepared for a referendum on its status in the French Community....
    
    
  • National anthem of Madagascar
• People of Madagascar
• Prostitution in Madagascar
• Public holidays in Madagascar
  Public holidays in Madagascar
  The public holidays in Madagascar are:...
  
  
• Records of Madagascar
• Religion in Madagascar
  • Buddhism in Madagascar
  • Christianity in Madagascar
  • Hinduism in Madagascar
    Hinduism in Madagascar
    The history of Hinduism in Madagascar began with the arrival of primarily Gujarati from the Saurashtra region of India as far back as 1900, at which time Madagascar was a French colony known as Malagache...
    
    
  • Islam in Madagascar
    Islam in Madagascar
    Islam has been well-established in what is now known as Madagascar for centuries and today Muslims represent 7 percent of the population. Muslims mainly consist of Sunni Muslims.-Settlement of Arabs:...
    
    
  • Judaism in Madagascar
  • Sikhism in Madagascar
• Women in Madagascar
  Women in Madagascar
  Women in Madagascar generally live longer than men, whom they outnumber. Marrying young, they are traditionally subservient to their husbands. Roughly a third have their first child before the age of 19, and those who wish to delay having children may not have access to contraceptives. Abortion is...
  
  
• World Heritage Sites in Madagascar

Art in Madagascar

• Art in Madagascar
• Cinema of Madagascar
• Literature of Madagascar
• Music of Madagascar
  Music of Madagascar
  The highly diverse and distinctive music of Madagascar has been shaped by the musical traditions of Southeast Asia, Africa, Arabia, England, France and the United States as successive waves of settlers have made the island their home...
  
  
• Television in Madagascar
• Theatre in Madagascar

Sports in Madagascar

• Football in Madagascar
  Football in Madagascar
  Football is, along with rugby union, one of the most popular sports in the African island nation of Madagascar. The sport is governed in the country by the Fédération Malagasy de Football.-International:...
  
  
• Madagascar at the Olympics
  Madagascar at the Olympics
  Madagascar first entered the Olympic Games in 1964 and has sent athletes to every games apart from 1976 and 1988. They have never won a medal. They appeared for the Winter Games for the first time in 2006.-Olympic Medal Table :...
  
  

Economy and infrastructure of Madagascar

• Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 127th (one hundred and twenty seventh)

• Agriculture in Madagascar
  Agriculture in Madagascar
  -Traditional agriculture:Traditional farming methods vary from one ethnic group or location to another, according to population density, climate, water supply, and The most intensive form of cultivation is practiced among the Betsileo and Merina groups of the central highlands, where population...
  
  
• Banking in Madagascar
  • National Bank of Madagascar
• Communications in Madagascar
  Communications in Madagascar
  -Telephones - main lines in use:70,000 provided by Telma http://www.telma.mg-domestic:open-wire lines, coaxial cables, microwave radio relay, and tropospheric scatter links-international:...
  
  
  • Internet in Madagascar
• Companies of Madagascar
• Currency of Madagascar
  Currency
  In economics, currency refers to a generally accepted medium of exchange. These are usually the coins and banknotes of a particular government, which comprise the physical aspects of a nation's money supply...
  
  : Ariary
  Malagasy ariary
  The ariary is the currency of Madagascar. It is subdivided into 5 iraimbilanja and is one of only two non-decimal currencies currently circulating . The names ariary and iraimbilanja derive from the pre-colonial currency, with ariary being the name for a silver dollar...
  
  
  • ISO 4217
    ISO 4217
    ISO 4217 is a standard published by the International Standards Organization, which delineates currency designators, country codes , and references to minor units in three tables:* Table A.1 – Current currency & funds code list...
    
    : MGA
    MGA
    MGA can be an abbreviation of:*The IATA code for Managua International Airport located in Managua, Nicaragua; also known as the Augusto C. Sandino International Airport...
    
    
• Economic history of Madagascar
• Energy in Madagascar
  • Energy policy of Madagascar
  • Oil industry in Madagascar
• Health care in Madagascar
• Mining in Madagascar
• Tourism in Madagascar
  Tourism in Madagascar
  Despite a high potential for tourism, tourism in Madagascar is underdeveloped. Madagascar's tourist attractions include its beaches and biodiversity. The island's endemic wildlife and forests are unique tourist attractions.- Tourist attractions :...
  
  
• Transport in Madagascar
  Transport in Madagascar
  - Railways : The northern railway is currently concessioned to Madarail. The southern line, Fianarantsoa-Côte-Est railway , is a parastatal line.total:875 kmnarrow gauge:875 km 1.000-m gauge There are two unconnected systems....
  
  
  • Airports in Madagascar
  • Rail transport in Madagascar
    Rail transport in Madagascar
    Rail transport in Madagascar is primarily operated by Madarail, a subsidiary of Comazar.The northern railway is currently concessioned to Madarail...
    
    
  • Roads in Madagascar
• Water supply and sanitation in Madagascar

See also

• Index of Madagascar-related articles
• List of international rankings
• List of Madagascar-related topics
• Member state of the United Nations
• Outline of Africa
  Outline of Africa
  The following outline provides an overview of and topical guide to the continent Africa:Africa – world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia.-Geography of Africa:* Atlas of Africa* List of cities in Africa...
  
  
• Outline of geography
  Outline of geography
  The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to geography:Geography – science that studies the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of Earth.- Geography is :...
  
  

External links

Government

• The Madagascar Government official site
• National Assembly of Madagascar official site (English)
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Madagascar Official site
• Embassies and Consulates
  • Canada Hungary Washington DC

News

• allAfrica.com - Madagascar news headline links
• - Madagascar conservation story

Overviews

• BBC News Country Profile - Madagascar
• CIA World Factbook - Madagascar
• MADAGASIKARA.it many information about madagascar and specially NOSY BE - Madagascar
• WildMadagascar.org Overview, news, photos, cultural history. English and French
• Madagascar Photos Madagascar

Directories

• Stanford University - Africa South of the Sahara: Madagascar directory category
• The Index on Africa - Madagascar directory category
• University of Pennsylvania - African Studies Center: Madagascar directory category
• Yahoo! - Madagascar directory category

Ecology

• Madagascar's National Parks and Reserves official park website
• Conservation International - Madagascar overview pages
• Madagascar Wildlife Conservation MWC is a Malagasy non-profit association, which organises and pursues community-based conservations projects
• New York Academy of Sciences Conserving Madagascar - Podcast by Helen Crowley

Miscellaneous

• Old maps of Madagascar by CEGET library (CNRS, France)
• Azafady UK charity and Malagasy NGO working in southeast Madagascar to alleviate poverty, improve well-being and protect beautiful unique environments with the help of its award winning volunteering programmes.
• Shama Foundation of Madagascar charitable organization providing scholarships for underprivileged students in Madagascar
• Opinions of La Haute Cour Constitutionelle du Madagascar
• Madagascar Constitution
• Blue Ventures award winning not-for-profit organisation dedicated to facilitating projects and expeditions that enhance global marine conservation and research. Based in Andavadoaka
  Andavadoaka
  Andavadoaka is a small fishing village located on the southwest coast of Madagascar. It is located in the Morombe division of Toliara Province, 45 km south of the town of Morombe...
  
  , South West coast of Madagascar.
• Foko-madagascar not-for-profit organization and Rising Voices grantee project dedicated to the use of ICT as a tool to promote sustainable development, especially combining human development and the protection of the environment.