Order of Friendship
Encyclopedia
The Order of Friendship is a state decoration of Russia
established by decree # 442 of March 2, 1994 of the President of the Russian Federation
.
The statute and overall design is based on these of the Order of Friendship of Peoples
of the Soviet Union
.
The Order of Friendship is to be placed on the left side of the chest, and if other orders of the Russian Federation are present, then it is placed after the Order of Honor
.
of the Order of Friendship is made of silver
, enamel
ed and gilded. It is shaped as a pentagonal star created from pencils of diverging golden rays. Upon the center of the star placed is an image of the terrestrial globe, with details covered with colored enamel. The globe is encircled by a wreath
of olive branch
es covered with green enamel. There are red dots along the wreath. On the reverse
there is an inscription "Мир и дружба" ("Peace and Friendship") and the serial number
of the order. The distance between the opposite tips of the star is 44 mm.
The badge of the order is connected by a loop and a ring to a pentagonal ribbon of silk moiré of light blue color with green stripes along its edges. The width of the ribbon is 24 mm, the width of the stripes are 6 mm.
Awards and decorations of the Russian Federation
The award system of the Russian Federation has varied and distinct origins. The first being pre-1917 orders of the Russian Empire re-established after 1991. The second is from former Soviet orders that were slightly modified and kept after the USSR's collapse...
established by decree # 442 of March 2, 1994 of the President of the Russian Federation
President of the Russian Federation
The President of the Russian Federation is the head of state, supreme commander-in-chief and holder of the highest office within the Russian Federation...
.
The statute and overall design is based on these of the Order of Friendship of Peoples
Order of Friendship of Peoples
The Order of Friendship of Peoples was an order of the Soviet Union, and was awarded to persons , organizations, enterprises, military units, as well as administrative subdivisions of the USSR for accomplishments in strengthening of inter-ethnic and international friendship and cooperation, for...
of the Soviet Union
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
.
Statute
The Order of Friendship is bestowed upon Russian citizens for their significant contribution into the strengthening of friendship and cooperation of nations and nationalities, high achievements in the development of economic and scientific potential of Russia, for exceptionally fruitful activities in mutual enrichment of cultures of nations and nationalities and in bringing them together, for strengthening the peace and friendly relations between states.The Order of Friendship is to be placed on the left side of the chest, and if other orders of the Russian Federation are present, then it is placed after the Order of Honor
Order of Honor (Russian Federation)
The Order of Honour is a state order which was founded by the President's Decree of the Russian Federation of №442 of 2 March 1994. The Order of Honour is awarded to citizens for high achievements in government, economic production, scientific research, sociocultural, public and charitable...
.
Description
The badgeBadge
A badge is a device or fashion accessory, often containing the insignia of an organization, which is presented or displayed to indicate some feat of service, a special accomplishment, a symbol of authority granted by taking an oath , a sign of legitimate employment or student status, or as a simple...
of the Order of Friendship is made of silver
Silver
Silver is a metallic chemical element with the chemical symbol Ag and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it has the highest electrical conductivity of any element and the highest thermal conductivity of any metal...
, enamel
Vitreous enamel
Vitreous enamel, also porcelain enamel in U.S. English, is a material made by fusing powdered glass to a substrate by firing, usually between 750 and 850 °C...
ed and gilded. It is shaped as a pentagonal star created from pencils of diverging golden rays. Upon the center of the star placed is an image of the terrestrial globe, with details covered with colored enamel. The globe is encircled by a wreath
Wreath
A wreath is an assortment of flowers, leaves, fruits, twigs and/or various materials that is constructed to resemble a ring. They are used typically as Christmas decorations to symbolize the coming of Christ, also known as the Advent season in Christianity. They are also used as festive headdresses...
of olive branch
Olive branch
The olive branch in Western culture, derived from the customs of Ancient Greece, symbolizes peace or victory and was worn by brides.-Ancient Greece and Rome:...
es covered with green enamel. There are red dots along the wreath. On the reverse
Obverse and reverse
Obverse and its opposite, reverse, refer to the two flat faces of coins and some other two-sided objects, including paper money, flags , seals, medals, drawings, old master prints and other works of art, and printed fabrics. In this usage, obverse means the front face of the object and reverse...
there is an inscription "Мир и дружба" ("Peace and Friendship") and the serial number
Serial number
A serial number is a unique number assigned for identification which varies from its successor or predecessor by a fixed discrete integer value...
of the order. The distance between the opposite tips of the star is 44 mm.
The badge of the order is connected by a loop and a ring to a pentagonal ribbon of silk moiré of light blue color with green stripes along its edges. The width of the ribbon is 24 mm, the width of the stripes are 6 mm.
Notable Recipients
- Mikhail BerulavaMikhail BerulavaMikhail Nikolaevich Berulava — Russian scientist, doctor of pedagogical sciences, professor, academician of the Russian Academy of Education. Member of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Education.-External links:*...
, Russian scientist - Lydia T. BlackLydia T. BlackLydia T. Black was an American anthropologist.She won an American Book Award for Russians in Tlingit America: The Battles of Sitka, 1802 And 1804.-Life:...
, a historian and anthropologist in the field of Russian America - George BlakeGeorge BlakeGeorge Blake is a former British spy known for having been a double agent in the service of the Soviet Union. Discovered in 1961 and sentenced to 42 years in prison, he escaped from Wormwood Scrubs prison in 1966 and fled to the USSR...
, a double agent - Adrienne ClarksonAdrienne ClarksonAdrienne Louise Clarkson is a Canadian journalist and stateswoman who served as Governor General of Canada, the 26th since Canadian Confederation....
, Governor General of CanadaGovernor General of CanadaThe Governor General of Canada is the federal viceregal representative of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II... - Van CliburnVan CliburnHarvey Lavan "Van" Cliburn Jr. is an American pianist who achieved worldwide recognition in 1958 at age 23, when he won the first quadrennial International Tchaikovsky Piano Competition in Moscow, at the height of the Cold War....
, pianist - Patricia ClohertyPatricia ClohertyPatricia Cloherty, age 71, served as chairman and CEO of Delta Private Equity Partners. Cloherty served as manager of the U.S. Russia Investment Fund and Delta Russia Fund, two venture capital funds operating in Russia...
, an entrepreneurEntrepreneurAn entrepreneur is an owner or manager of a business enterprise who makes money through risk and initiative.The term was originally a loanword from French and was first defined by the Irish-French economist Richard Cantillon. Entrepreneur in English is a term applied to a person who is willing to...
and businesswoman - Dimitris ChristofiasDimitris ChristofiasDimitris Christofias also Demetris is a left-wing Greek Cypriot politician and the current and sixth President of the Republic of Cyprus. Christofias was the General Secretary of AKEL and is Cyprus's first, and the European Union's first and so far only, communist head of state. He won the 2008...
, President of Cyprus - Maurice DruonMaurice DruonMaurice Druon was a French novelist and a member of the Académie française.Born in Paris, France, Druon was the nephew of the writer Joseph Kessel, with whom he translated the Chant des Partisans, a French Resistance anthem of World War II, with music and words originally by Anna Marly.In 1948...
, French writer - Valery GazzaevValery GazzaevValery Georgievich Gazzaev is a Russian football manager and former footballer who is currently the president of FC Alania Vladikavkaz. As a Soviet footballer he played the position of a striker enjoying successes with his team FC Dynamo Moscow as well as the USSR national football team in the...
, a football coach (sport)Coach (sport)In sports, a coach is an individual involved in the direction, instruction and training of the operations of a sports team or of individual sportspeople.-Staff:... - Larisa GolubkinaLarisa GolubkinaLarisa Ivanovna Golubkina is a Russian actress.She entered the Moscow Musical School in 1955, graduating after four years, and then enrolled into the Lunacharsky State Institute for Theatre Arts...
, actress. - Yuli GusmanYuli GusmanYuli Solomonovich Gusman is a Soviet, Russian and Azerbaijani film director and actor. He is the founder and CEO of the prestigious Nika Award.- Life and career :...
, Russian and Azerbaijani film director - Daisaku IkedaDaisaku Ikedais president of Sōka Gakkai International , a Nichiren Buddhist lay association which claims 12 million members in 192 countries and territories, and founder of several educational, cultural and peace research institutions.-Life and establishment of SGI:...
, Japanese philosopher - Raymond JohnsonRaymond JohnsonRaymond Johnson was a member of the Wisconsin State Senate.-Biography:Johnson was born on August 20, 1936. He would graduate from the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and George Washington University and serve in the United States Navy....
, founder of the Museum of Russian Art in Minneapolis, USA - Akhmad KadyrovAkhmad KadyrovHajji Akhmad Abdulkhamidovich Kadyrov , also spelled Akhmat, was the Chief Mufti of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria in the 1990s during and after the First Chechen War...
, President of ChechnyaChechnyaThe Chechen Republic , commonly referred to as Chechnya , also spelled Chechnia or Chechenia, sometimes referred to as Ichkeria , is a federal subject of Russia . It is located in the southeastern part of Europe in the Northern Caucasus mountains. The capital of the republic is the city of Grozny... - Prince Michael of KentPrince Michael of KentPrince Michael of Kent is a grandson of King George V and Queen Mary, making him a cousin of Queen Elizabeth II. He is also the first cousin once removed of Prince Phillip. Prince Michael occasionally carries out royal duties representing the Queen at some functions in Commonwealth realms outside...
of the Commonwealth realms' Royal Family, and descendant of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia; a qualified interpreterInterpretingLanguage interpretation is the facilitating of oral or sign-language communication, either simultaneously or consecutively, between users of different languages...
of RussianRussian languageRussian is a Slavic language used primarily in Russia, Belarus, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. It is an unofficial but widely spoken language in Ukraine, Moldova, Latvia, Turkmenistan and Estonia and, to a lesser extent, the other countries that were once constituent republics...
. - Vakhtang KikabidzeVakhtang KikabidzeVakhtang "Buba" Kikabidze is a Georgian and Soviet singer, actor, screenwriter, producer, and composer. He performed in a number of films, among them the main role of a helicopter pilot in the iconic Soviet film Mimino....
, Georgian singer and actor (the award was rejected by Kikabidze in August 2008) - Berel LazarBerel LazarRabbi Shlomo Dovber Pinchas Lazar, better known as Berel Lazar, is an Orthodox, Chabad-Lubavitch Hasidic rabbi. He is presently Chief Rabbi of Russia, and chairman of the Federation of Jewish Communities...
, Chief RabbiChief RabbiChief Rabbi is a title given in several countries to the recognized religious leader of that country's Jewish community, or to a rabbinic leader appointed by the local secular authorities...
of Russia - Max Levintas, Distinguished Karate Coach
- Lee Kuan YewLee Kuan YewLee Kuan Yew, GCMG, CH is a Singaporean statesman. He was the first Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore, governing for three decades...
, Minister MentorMinister MentorMinister Mentor is a Singapore cabinet position created in 2004 as part of a leadership transition.The newly appointed Prime Minister, Lee Hsien Loong , announced Lee Kuan Yew's new title together with the naming of his Cabinet on August 12, 2004...
of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the... - John Middleton-Tidwell, a historian of Russian-American studies
- Ralph Munro Secretary of State of the State of Washington, U.S.A.
- Riccardo MutiRiccardo MutiRiccardo Muti, Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI is an Italian conductor and music director of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra.-Childhood and education:...
, Italian conductor - Oscar NiemeyerOscar NiemeyerOscar Ribeiro de Almeida Niemeyer Soares Filho is a Brazilian architect specializing in international modern architecture...
, Brazilian architect - Sagadat NurmagambetovSagadat NurmagambetovSagadat Nurmagambetov is a retired Soviet and Kazakhstani general who served as Chairman of Kazakhstan's State Defense Committee in 1991-1992 and Kazakhstan's first Minister of Defense following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, holding the office of Defense Minister from May 1992 to...
, Defense Minister of Kazakhstan - Victor Petrov, a historian of Russian-American studies
- Richard PierceRichard Pierce (historian)Richard Austin Pierce was an American historian and publisher who specialized in the Russian era of Alaska’s history...
, a historianHistorianA historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race; as well as the study of all history in time. If the individual is...
of Russian-American studies - Nikolay PolukhinNikolay PolukhinNikolay Polukhin is a Russian cross country skier, biathlete and Paralympic Champion.One of his most notable achievements is winning the most medals at the Vancouver 2010 Winter Paralympics, with six medals, including one gold...
, Russian cross country skier, biathlete and ParalympicParalympic GamesThe Paralympic Games are a major international multi-sport event where athletes with a physical disability compete; this includes athletes with mobility disabilities, amputations, blindness, and Cerebral Palsy. There are Winter and Summer Paralympic Games, which are held immediately following their...
Champion - Marcel Prud'hommeMarcel Prud'hommeMarcel Prud'homme, PC was a member of the Canadian Senate and was a long-time Member of Parliament in the Canadian House of Commons....
, Canadian senator - Buvaysa SaytievBuvaysa SaytievBuvaisar Hamidovich Saitiev, also spelled Buvaysar Hamidovich Saytiev, is a Chechen wrestler who has won nine world-level gold medals in freestyle wrestling.-Life:...
, an Olympic champion wrestler - Mrinal SenMrinal SenMrinal Sen is a Bengali Indian filmmaker. He was born on 14 May 1923, in the town of Faridpur, now in Bangladesh in a Hindu family. After finishing his high school there, he left home to come to Calcutta as a student and studied physics at the well-known Scottish Church College and at the...
, an IndiaIndiaIndia , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
n film directorFilm directorA film director is a person who directs the actors and film crew in filmmaking. They control a film's artistic and dramatic nathan roach, while guiding the technical crew and actors.-Responsibilities:... - Bradford Shinkle IV, Founding president and director, Museum of Russian Art, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
- Dimitris SioufasDimitris SioufasDimitris Sioufas is a Greek lawyer and New Democracy politician.Born in Ellinopyrgos, Karditsa, Sioufas has a degree in political science and public administration at the Panteion University of Athens as well as in law from the University of Thessaloniki.He was first elected to the Greek...
, Greek legislator - Barbara Sweetland Smith, a historian in the field of Russian America
- Ernst-Jörg von Studnitz, Chairman of the German-Russian Forum, former German Ambassador to Russia
- James W. SymingtonJames W. SymingtonJames Wadsworth Symington is a United States attorney and politician who served as four-term U.S. representative representing Missouri.-Youth, family, and education:...
, a former member of the U.S. House of Representatives and current attorney at NossamanNossamanNossaman LLP is a national law firm with over 150 attorneys and lobbyists located in seven offices throughout the United States. The Firm’s expertise is focused in distinct areas of law and policy, as well as in specific industries, ranging from transportation, healthcare and financial services to...
LLP/O'Connor & Hannan - Lev ToitmanLev ToitmanLev Grigorievich Toitman, , was a soldier in World War II . Toitman is known for the, "foundation and revival of the local Jewish community" in Birobidzhan.-Jewish Community leadership:...
, known for the "foundation and revival of the local Jewish community" in BirobidzhanBirobidzhanBirobidzhan is a town and the administrative center of the Jewish Autonomous Oblast, Russia. It is located on the Trans-Siberian railway, close to the border with the People's Republic of China....
. - Andrzej WajdaAndrzej WajdaAndrzej Wajda is a Polish film director. Recipient of an honorary Oscar, he is possibly the most prominent member of the unofficial "Polish Film School"...
, Polish director - Rowan WilliamsRowan WilliamsRowan Douglas Williams FRSL, FBA, FLSW is an Anglican bishop, poet and theologian. He is the 104th and current Archbishop of Canterbury, Metropolitan of the Province of Canterbury and Primate of All England, offices he has held since early 2003.Williams was previously Bishop of Monmouth and...
, Archbishop of CanterburyArchbishop of CanterburyThe Archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion, and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury. In his role as head of the Anglican Communion, the archbishop leads the third largest group...
, recognised for contributions to friendly relations between Russia and the UKUnited KingdomThe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
, and his love of Russian literature. - Tatjana ŽdanokaTatjana ŽdanokaTatyana Arkad'evna Zhdanok, , born May 8, 1950 in Riga, is a Latvian politician and Member of the European Parliament and a co-Chairperson of For Human Rights in United Latvia; part of the European Greens–European Free Alliance group. Zhdanok is co-chairperson of ForHRUL since 2001...
, Latvian politician - Marco Müller, Italian director of the Cinema section of the Venice Biennale FoundationVenice Biennale of architectureMostra di Architettura di Venezia, the Architecture section of the Venice Biennale, was established in 1980, although architecture had been a part of the art biennale since 1968....
and director of the Venice Film Festival - John Ellis Bowlt, British-American language, literature, & art historian, recognised for contributions to the development of cultural ties with the Russian Federation and for the preservation and promotion of Russian language and culture.
- Ignatius IV of AntiochIgnatius IV of AntiochPatriarch Ignatius IV of Antioch and All The East is the current primate of the "Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch and All The East".-Life:...
(Hazim), Patriarch Ignatius IV, Greek Orthodox Christian Church - Antonio MenniniAntonio MenniniAntonio Mennini is an Italian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He serves as the Nuncio to Great Britain from 18 December 2010, having been appointed by Pope Benedict XVI.-Biography:...
, Apostolic Nuncio to Russia (2002-2010) for his contribution to the development of Russian-Vatican relations
See also
- Order of Friendship of Peoples (Soviet Union)Order of Friendship of PeoplesThe Order of Friendship of Peoples was an order of the Soviet Union, and was awarded to persons , organizations, enterprises, military units, as well as administrative subdivisions of the USSR for accomplishments in strengthening of inter-ethnic and international friendship and cooperation, for...
- Awards and decorations of the Russian FederationAwards and decorations of the Russian FederationThe award system of the Russian Federation has varied and distinct origins. The first being pre-1917 orders of the Russian Empire re-established after 1991. The second is from former Soviet orders that were slightly modified and kept after the USSR's collapse...