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Operation Dekel (Mivtza Dekel, lit. Operation Palm Tree), was the largest offensive in the north of Israel
Israel

Israel officially the State of Israel , is a country in the Middle East located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan in the east, and Egypt on the southwest, and contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area....
 after the first truce of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War
1948 Arab-Israeli War

The 1948 Arab-Israeli War, known by the Israelis predominantly as War of Independence and War of Liberation , and by Palestinians as the Catastrophe , was the first in a series of wars fought between the Declaration of Independence State of Israel and its Arab neighbours in the long-running Arab-Israeli conflict....
. It was carried out by the 7th Armoured Brigade, a battalion from the Carmeli Brigade along with some elements from the Golani Brigade
Golani Brigade

The Golani Brigade is an Israeli infantry brigade which was formed on February 28, 1948 when the Levanoni Brigade in the upper Galilee was merged with the Carmeli Brigade to form the Golani Brigade....
 between 8-18 July. Its objective was to capture Nazareth
Nazareth

Nazareth is the capital and largest Cities in Israel in the North District . It also serves as an unofficial Arab capital for Israel's Arab citizens of Israel who make up the vast majority of the population there....
 and the Lower Galilee. The operation was led by Ben Dunkelman
Ben Dunkelman

Benjamin Dunkelman was a Canada Jewish officer who served in the Canadian Army in World War II and the Israel Defense Forces in the 1948 Arab?Israeli War....
, a Canadian
Canada

Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....
 volunteer who was the commander of the 7th Brigade Brigade.

On 15 July Israeli aircraft bombed the village Saffuriya and caused panic among the population.






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Operation Dekel (Mivtza Dekel, lit. Operation Palm Tree), was the largest offensive in the north of Israel
Israel

Israel officially the State of Israel , is a country in the Middle East located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan in the east, and Egypt on the southwest, and contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area....
 after the first truce of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War
1948 Arab-Israeli War

The 1948 Arab-Israeli War, known by the Israelis predominantly as War of Independence and War of Liberation , and by Palestinians as the Catastrophe , was the first in a series of wars fought between the Declaration of Independence State of Israel and its Arab neighbours in the long-running Arab-Israeli conflict....
. It was carried out by the 7th Armoured Brigade, a battalion from the Carmeli Brigade along with some elements from the Golani Brigade
Golani Brigade

The Golani Brigade is an Israeli infantry brigade which was formed on February 28, 1948 when the Levanoni Brigade in the upper Galilee was merged with the Carmeli Brigade to form the Golani Brigade....
 between 8-18 July. Its objective was to capture Nazareth
Nazareth

Nazareth is the capital and largest Cities in Israel in the North District . It also serves as an unofficial Arab capital for Israel's Arab citizens of Israel who make up the vast majority of the population there....
 and the Lower Galilee. The operation was led by Ben Dunkelman
Ben Dunkelman

Benjamin Dunkelman was a Canada Jewish officer who served in the Canadian Army in World War II and the Israel Defense Forces in the 1948 Arab?Israeli War....
, a Canadian
Canada

Canada is a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean....
 volunteer who was the commander of the 7th Brigade Brigade.

On 15 July Israeli aircraft bombed the village Saffuriya and caused panic among the population. Most of the villagers fled northwards toward Lebanon
Lebanon

Lebanon , officially the Republic of Lebanon or Lebanese Republic , is a country in Western Asia, on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea....
. Only about 100 elderly remained.

On the evening of 16 July, Nazareth surrendered to the Israelis after a light fight which only involved one Israeli dead and one wounded. The Arab Liberation Army
Arab Liberation Army

The Arab Liberation Army was an army of volunteers from Arab countries led by Fawzi al-Qawuqji. It fought on the Arab side in the 1948 Arab-Israeli war and was set up by the Arab League as a counter to the Arab High Committee's Holy War Army, though in fact the League and Arab governments prevented thousands from joining either force ....
 forces in the village under the command of Fawzi al-Qawuqji
Fawzi Al-Qawuqji

Fawzi al-Qawuqji was the field commander of the Arab Liberation Army during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War and a rival of the principle Arab Palestinian leader, the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, Haj Amin al-Husseini....
 retreated to the mountains in the north. In sharp contrast to the surrounding towns, the inhabitants in Nazareth were never forced to evacuate. Dunkelman
Ben Dunkelman

Benjamin Dunkelman was a Canada Jewish officer who served in the Canadian Army in World War II and the Israel Defense Forces in the 1948 Arab?Israeli War....
 refused to obey orders from Chaim Laskov
Chaim Laskov

Haim Laskov was an Israeli public figure and the fifth Ramatkal of the Israel Defense Forces....
 to evacuate the civilian population of Nazareth.

Arab communities captured in Operation Dekel

NameDateBrigade
Kuwaykat
Kuwaykat

Kuwaykat was a Palestinian people village 9km northeast of Acre in the British mandate District of Acre. Depopulated as a result of Military assault and capture by Israel during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war in Operation Dekel by Sheva' Brigade and Carmeli Brigade....
10 July7th Armoured Brigade and Carmeli Brigade
Jiddin, Khirbat
Jiddin, Khirbat

Jiddin, Khirbat is former Palestinian village in the Galilee located 16km northeast from city of Acre. According to a 1945 census the village had a population of approximately 1,500 Arabs....
10-11 July 
Ma'lul
Ma'lul

Ma'lul was an Arab village in Palestine, made up primarily of Palestinian Christians, that was depopulated and destroyed by Israel during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war....
14 July 
Saffuriyya15 July 
Amqa
Amqa

Amka is a moshav in the Matte Asher Regional Council of Israel's North District , near City of Acre. It was founded in 1949 by a group of Yemenite Jewish immigrants....
15-16 July 7th Armoured Brigade and Carmeli Brigade
al-Damun
Al-Damun

Al-Damun was a Palestinian village located from the city of Acre, Israel that was depopulated during 1948 Arab-Israeli war. In 1945, the village had a population of 1,310, predominantly Muslim....
15-16 July 7th Armoured Brigade
Mi'ar
Mi'ar

Mi'ar was a Palestinian people village located 17.5 kilometers east of Acre, Israel. Mi'ar contains the remains of buildings, fragments of columns, olive presses, and cisterns....
15-18 July 7th Armoured Brigade
Nahf
Nahf

Nahf is an Arab local council in the North District Israel. It is located in the between the Lower and Upper Galilee, about east of City of Acre....
15-18 July 7th Armoured Brigade
Sakhnin
Sakhnin

Sakhnin is an Arab Israeli city in Israel's North District . It is located in the Lower Galilee, about east of Acre, Israel. Sakhnin was declared a city in 1995....
15-18 July 7th Armoured Brigade
Nazareth
Nazareth

Nazareth is the capital and largest Cities in Israel in the North District . It also serves as an unofficial Arab capital for Israel's Arab citizens of Israel who make up the vast majority of the population there....
16 July 
Lubya
Lubya

Lubya was a Palestinian town located ten kilometers west of Tiberias that was captured and destroyed by Israel during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War....
16 July 
Hittin
Hittin

Hittin was a Palestinian people village, located approximately west of Tiberias. The site of the Battle of Hattin in 1187, in which Saladin conquered most of interior Palestine from the Crusaders, Hittin is a nationalist symbol for Arabs and Palestinians....
16-17 July 7th Armoured Brigade
Nimrin
Nimrin

Nimrin was a Palestinian people town of 320 that was captured by Israel during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War....
16-17 July 
Sha'ab
Sha'ab

Sha'ab is an Arab town in the North District . It has 5,442 dunams of land under its jurisdiction and in 2006 had a population 6,000.It was captured by Israel in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, but was left intact....
18 July 
Al-Birwa
Al-Birwa

Al-Birwa was a Palestinian people Arab village, located east of Acre, Israel . Mentioned by Arab geographers in the 11th century, it was known to the Crusaders as Broet....
 18 July 


See also

  • List of villages depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war
    List of villages depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war

    Below is a list of villages depopulated or destroyed during the Arab-Israeli conflict, many of them during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. For this reason, it is generally referred to as Nakba among Arabs....
  • List of Israeli military operation in the 1948 Arab-Israeli war
  • List of massacres committed during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war
    List of massacres committed during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war

    Killings and massacres during the 1948 Palestine War resulted in the death of about 1,000 civilians or unarmed soldiers....


External links

  • Jewish Virtual Library