Oboe Concerto (Mozart)

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Oboe Concerto (Mozart)

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Mozart showed prodigious ability from his earliest childhood in Salzburg. Already competent on keyboard and violin, he composed from the age of five and performed before European royalty; at seventeen he was engaged as a court musician in Salzburg, but grew restless and traveled in search of a better position, always...
's Oboe Concerto in C major, K. 314 was originally composed in Spring or Summer 1777 for oboist

Oboist

An oboist is a musician who plays the oboe or any oboe family instrument, including cor anglais, oboe d'amore, shawm, and musette.The following is a list of notable professional oboists, with indications when they were/are known better for other professions in their own time....
Giuseppe Ferlendis (1755-1802) from Bergamo

Bergamo

Bergamo is a town in Lombardy, Italy, about 40km northeast of Milan. The commune is home to circa 117,000 inhabitants. It is served by the Orio al Serio Airport, which also serves the Province of Bergamo, and to a lesser extent Milan....
, then reworked by the composer as a concerto

Concerto

The term Concerto usually refers to a three-part musical work in which one solo instrument is accompanied by an orchestra. The concerto, as understood in this modern way, arose in the Baroque period side by side with the concerto grosso, which contrasted a small group of instruments with the rest of the orchestra....
for flute

Flute

The flute is a musical instrument of the woodwind family. Unlike other woodwind instruments, a flute is a reedless wind instrument that produces its sound from the flow of air against an edge....
in D major

D major

D major is a major scale based on D , consisting of the pitches D, E , F? , G , A , B , and C? . Its key signature consists of two sharps. Its relative key is B minor and its parallel key is D minor....
in 1778. The concerto

Concerto

Oboe

The oboe is a double reed musical instrument of the woodwind family. In English prior to 1770, the instrument was called "hautbois", "hoboy", or "French hoboy"....
.

As with his Flute Concerto No. 1

Flute Concerto No. 1 (Mozart)

The Concerto for Flute Concerto No. 1 in G Major was written in 1778 by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Commissioned by the Dutch flautist Ferdinand De Jean in 1777, Mozart was supposed to provide four flute quartets and three flute concerti, yet he only completed two of the three concerti: K....
, the piece is arranged for a standard set of orchestral strings

String instrument

A string instrument is a musical instrument that produces sound by means of vibrating strings. In the Hornbostel-Sachs scheme of musical instrument classification, used in organology, they are called chordophones....
, two oboes

Oboe

The oboe is a double reed musical instrument of the woodwind family. In English prior to 1770, the instrument was called "hautbois", "hoboy", or "French hoboy"....
, and two horns

Horn (instrument)

The horn is a brass instrument consisting of about of tubing wrapped into a coil with a flared bell. It is descended from the natural horn and is informally known as the French horn....
.

The piece itself is divided into three movements

Movement (music)

A movement is a self-contained part of a musical composition or musical form. While individual or selected movements from a composition are sometimes performed separately, a performance of the complete work requires all the movements to be performed in succession....
:

Flute Concerto No.

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Encyclopedia

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Oboist

Bergamo

Concerto

Flute

D major

Concerto

Oboe

Flute Concerto No. 1 (Mozart)

String instrument

Oboe

The oboe is a double reed musical instrument of the woodwind family. In English prior to 1770, the instrument was called "hautbois", "hoboy", or "French hoboy"....
, and two horns

Horn (instrument)

Movement (music)

I. Allegro
Tempo

In musical terminology, 'tempo' is the speed or pace of a given musical piece. It is an extremely crucial element of composition, as it can affect the mood and difficulty of a piece....
aperto
II. Adagio non troppo
III. Rondo
Rondo

Rondo, and its French language equivalent rondeau, is a word that has been used in music in a number of ways, most often in reference to a musical form, but also in reference to a character-type that is distinct from the form....
: Allegretto

Flute Concerto No. 2

The Flute Concerto No. 2 in D Major

D major

Dutch people

The Dutch are the people native to the Netherlands, a country in north-western Europe.Dutch people, or descendants of Dutch people, are also found in migrant communities world wide,See the Dutch #Dutch diaspora. and form a mentionable part of the population of Canada,Australia, South Africa and the United States....
flautist

Flautist

A flautist, flutist, or flute player is a musician who plays the flute....
Ferdinand De Jean (1731-1797) commissioned Mozart for four flute quartets and three flute concerti; which Mozart only completed three quartets and only one new flute concerto. Instead of creating a new second concerto, Mozart rearranged

Arrangement

In music, an arrangement is either a rewriting of a piece of existing music with additional new material or a fleshing-out of a compositional sketch, such as a lead sheet....
the oboe concerto he had written a year earlier as the second flute concerto, although with substantial changes to it to fit what the composer deemed flute-like. However, De Jean did not pay Mozart for this concerto because it was based on the oboe concerto.

Origin

While the original version for oboe had been lost before Alfred Einstein

Alfred Einstein

Alfred Einstein was a German-American musicologist and music editor. He was noted as one of the widest-ranging music historians in the first half of the 20th century....
wrote Mozart: His Character, His Work, the oboe origin of the flute concerto was suspected then, in part because of references in letters to a now-missing oboe concerto, as Einstein wrote, and of similar details in the orchestral string lines which suggested a transposition

Transposition (music)

In music transposition refers to the process of moving a collection of notes up or down in pitch by a constant interval . For example, one might transpose an entire piece of music into another Key ....
was used. Also, Einstein noted the two scores in D Major and C Major of the K. 314 Concerto in the Library of the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde

Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde

The Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde in Wien was founded in 1812 by Joseph von Sonnleithner, general secretary of the Court Theatre, Vienna. Its official charter, drafted in 1814, states that the purpose of the Society was to promote music in all its facets....
in Vienna

Vienna

Vienna is the Capital of Republic of Austria and also one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.7 million...
, which led to the belief that the oboe concerto was the origin of the flute concerto. The orchestra parts of the composition and solo oboe part in C were rediscovered by Bernhard Paumgartner in Salzburg, in 1920.

External links

from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum

Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum

The Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum or Fenway Court is a museum in the Fenway-Kenmore neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, Massachusetts located within walking distance of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston and near the Back Bay Fens....
in MP3

MP3

MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3, more commonly referred to as MP3, is a digital audio Encoder format using a form of lossy data compression. It is a common audio format for consumer audio storage, as well as a de facto standard encoding for the transfer and playback of music on digital audio players....
format