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The Nye Committee, officially known as the Special Committee on Investigation of the Munitions Industry, was a committee in the United States Senate which studied the causes of United States
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
' involvement in World War I
World War I

World War I, or the First World War , was a global military conflict which involved the Great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War I and the Central Powers....
. There were seven members of the committee, which met between 1934 and 1936.






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Gerald Nye
The Nye Committee, officially known as the Special Committee on Investigation of the Munitions Industry, was a committee in the United States Senate which studied the causes of United States
United States

The United States of America is a Federal government constitutional republic comprising U.S. state and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its Contiguous United States and Washington, D.C., the Capital districts and territories, lie between the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Oceans, Borders of the U...
' involvement in World War I
World War I

World War I, or the First World War , was a global military conflict which involved the Great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War I and the Central Powers....
. There were seven members of the committee, which met between 1934 and 1936. Led by Senator Gerald Nye
Gerald Nye

Gerald Prentice Nye was a United States politician, representing North Dakota in the United States Senate from 1925 to 1945. He was a progressive Republican Party and anti-war activist....
, the committee also included Senators Homer T. Bone, James P. Pope
James P. Pope

James Pinckney Pope was a mayor of Boise, Idaho, and a United States Senate from Idaho.Pope graduated from Louisiana Polytechnic Institute in 1906 and from the law department of the University of Chicago in 1909....
, Bennett Champ Clark
Bennett Champ Clark

Joel Bennett Clark , better known as Bennett Champ Clark, was a United States Democratic Party United States Senator from Missouri from 1933 until 1945....
, and Arthur H. Vandenberg
Arthur H. Vandenberg

Arthur Hendrick Vandenberg was a Republican Party United States Senate from the U.S. state of Michigan who United Nations Conference on International Organization in the creation of the United Nations....
. Alger Hiss
Alger Hiss

Alger Hiss was a United States Department of State official involved in the establishment of the United Nations. He was accused of being a Soviet Union spy in 1948 and convicted of perjury in connection with this charge in 1950....
 served as the committee's general counsel. In total, the Nye Committee conducted 93 hearings and questioned more than 200 witnesses.

The committee reported that between 1915 and April 1917, the United States loaned Germany 27 million dollars. In the same period, the US loaned the United Kingdom and its allies 2.3 billion dollars, or about 85 times as much. From this data, some have concluded that the US entered the war because it was in American commercial interest for the United Kingdom not to lose.

During the 1920s and 1930s, dozens of books and articles appeared which argued that arms manufacturers had tricked the United States into entering World War I. In 1934, Senator Gerald P. Nye of North Dakota held hearings to investigate the country's involvement in WWI. The Nye Committee documented the huge profits that arms factories had made during the war. The investigation created the impression that these businesses influenced the United States' decision to go to war.

Results of the committee

The findings gave momentum to the isolationist movement and sparked the passage of a series of legislative acts called the Neutrality Acts
Neutrality Acts

The Neutrality Acts were a series of laws that were passed by the United States Congress in the 1930s, in response to the growing turmoil in Europe and Asia that eventually led to World War II....
 . The acts were the: Neutrality Act of 1935, Neutrality Act of 1936, Neutrality Acts of 1937, and the Neutrality Act of 1939.

See also

  • Gerald Nye
    Gerald Nye

    Gerald Prentice Nye was a United States politician, representing North Dakota in the United States Senate from 1925 to 1945. He was a progressive Republican Party and anti-war activist....
  • Neutrality Acts
    Neutrality Acts

    The Neutrality Acts were a series of laws that were passed by the United States Congress in the 1930s, in response to the growing turmoil in Europe and Asia that eventually led to World War II....

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