Nuremberg Castle

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Nuremberg Castle

Nuremberg Castle is located on a sandstone

Sandstone

Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-size mineral or rock Particle size . Most sandstone is composed of quartz and/or feldspar because these are the most common minerals in the Earth's crust ....
rock in the north of the historical city of Nuremberg

Nuremberg

Nuremberg is a city in the Germany State of Bavaria, in the Regierungsbezirk of Middle Franconia. It is situated on the Pegnitz River river and the Rhine?Main?Danube Canal and is Franconia's largest city....
, Germany

Germany

Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a country in Central Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands....
. It comprises three parts: the Emperor's buildings ("Kaiserburg"), the mostly built buildings of the rulers of Nuremberg ("Burggrafenburg"), and the buildings on the eastern side ("städtische Burganlage"). The castle was damaged in the Second World War but then reconstructed; today it is one of the main landmarks in Nuremberg.

eological investigations during recent days indicate that the place was already settled around the year 1000, although this has not been backed up by any documentary proof.

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Encyclopedia

Nuremberg Castle is located on a sandstone

Sandstone

Nuremberg

Germany

History

Archeological investigations during recent days indicate that the place was already settled around the year 1000, although this has not been backed up by any documentary proof. Although Nuremberg was first recorded in 1050, when Henry III

Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor

Henry III , called the Black or the Pious, was a member of the Salian Dynasty of Holy Roman Empire. He was the eldest son of Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor and Gisela of Swabia and his father made him duke of Bavaria in 1026, after the death of Henry V, Duke of Bavaria....
visited the town, there is no specific mention of the castle. The castle does not appear in any documents until 1105.

Between 1050 and 1571, all Kaiser
Kaiser

Kaiser is the German language title meaning "Emperor", with Kaiserin being the female equivalent, "Empress". It is directly derived from the Latin Emperors' Caesar , which in turn is derived from the name of Julius Caesar....
s and kings of the Holy Roman Empire

Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire was a union of territories in Central Europe during the Middle Ages and the Early modern Europe under a Holy Roman Emperor....
resided in the castle. In 1140, King Conrad III

Conrad III of Germany

Conrad III was the first List of German monarchs of the Hohenstaufen dynasty. He was the son of Frederick I, Duke of Swabia, Duke of Swabia, and Agnes of Germany, a daughter of the Salian Dynasty Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor....
started building a second castle on the site, to be the royal residence.

In the 13th century, Nuremberg became an Imperial Free City, and the castle fell into the care of the city. Of all the parts of the castle built during this time, the Luginsland tower, begun in 1377, literally stands out.

In 1381, the good king baron Eppelein von Gailingen

Eppelein von Gailingen

Eppelein von Gailingen was a famous Germans robber baron in the Middle Ages.In 1369 he was indicted for his robberies in the Nuremberg region....
famously escaped death on the gallows

Gallows

A gallows is a frame, typically wooden, used for execution by hanging.A gallows can take several forms.*the simplest form resembles an inverted "L", with a single upright and a horizontal beam to which the rope noose would be attached....
when his horse leapt into the castle moat.

In the second quarter of the 19th century, measures were taken to preserve the buildings, in particular by Carl Alexander Heideloff

Carl Alexander Heideloff

Carl Alexander Heideloff , also known as Karl Alexander von Heideloff, was a German people architect, and master builder of Nuremberg. He is also known for his restoration of buildings and monuments....
, August von Voit and August Essenwein.

In the Second World War, the castle was heavily damaged in 1944-45, with only the double chapel remaining entirely intact. After the war, all the parts of the castle were restored to their historical form, including the Luginsland tower which had been completely destroyed, with the exception of the Nineteenth century additions, which had been partly removed in 1934/35.

Today, the emperor's old mews

Mews

Mews is a chiefly British English formerly describing a row of stables, usually with carriage houses below and living quarters above, built around a paved yard or court, or along a street, behind large London houses of the 17th and 18th centuries....
is used as a youth hostel.

Sources

Some of this article was translated from the German article of May 2006

Literature

Mummenhoff, Ernst, 1926: Die Burg zu Nürnberg. Geschichtlicher Führer für Einheimische und Fremde (4th edition, reprinted 1997, with an afterword by the editor G. Ulrich Grossmann) Nuremberg