North-Eastern Rhodesia
Encyclopedia
North-Eastern Rhodesia in south central Africa
was formed by and administered by the British South Africa Company
as the other half, with North-Western Rhodesia
, of the huge territory lying mainly north of the Zambezi River into which it expanded its charter in 1891. The company signed treaties with Bemba
and Chewa rulers but did not gain full control until armed resistance among the Bemba was overcome in 1899. Although having features of a charter colony
, in 1900 the company proclaimed the territory a protectorate
(though it was not an official protectorate of the United Kingdom government).
The territory initially consisted of the north-eastern half of present-day Zambia
but with land in the western half up to the Kafue River
, its border with North-Western Rhodesia. In 1905, just before large-scale copper
mining commenced, the border between the two chartered territories was moved east, removing the area of Lusaka
and the Copperbelt to North-Western Rhodesia. Its capital from 1899 was at Fort Jameson (now Chipata
).
In 1911 the British South Africa Company amalgamated North-Eastern Rhodesia with North-Western Rhodesia
to form Northern Rhodesia
, later Zambia
.
Southern Africa
Southern Africa is the southernmost region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. Within the region are numerous territories, including the Republic of South Africa ; nowadays, the simpler term South Africa is generally reserved for the country in English.-UN...
was formed by and administered by the British South Africa Company
British South Africa Company
The British South Africa Company was established by Cecil Rhodes through the amalgamation of the Central Search Association and the Exploring Company Ltd., receiving a royal charter in 1889...
as the other half, with North-Western Rhodesia
North-Western Rhodesia
North-Western Rhodesia in south central Africa was formed and administered from 1891 under charter by the British South Africa Company which in 1890 had signed a treaty with King Lewanika of the Barotse, the most powerful traditional ruler in the territory...
, of the huge territory lying mainly north of the Zambezi River into which it expanded its charter in 1891. The company signed treaties with Bemba
Bemba people
The Bemba belong to a large group of peoples mainly in the Northern, Luapula and Copperbelt Provinces of Zambia who trace their origins to the Luba and Lunda states of the upper Congo basin, in what became Katanga Province in southern Congo-Kinshasa...
and Chewa rulers but did not gain full control until armed resistance among the Bemba was overcome in 1899. Although having features of a charter colony
Charter colony
Charter colony is one of the three classes of colonial government established in the 17th century English colonies in North America, the other classes being proprietary colony and royal colony. The colonies of Rhode Island, Connecticut, and Massachusetts Bay were charter colonies...
, in 1900 the company proclaimed the territory a protectorate
Protectorate
In history, the term protectorate has two different meanings. In its earliest inception, which has been adopted by modern international law, it is an autonomous territory that is protected diplomatically or militarily against third parties by a stronger state or entity...
(though it was not an official protectorate of the United Kingdom government).
The territory initially consisted of the north-eastern half of present-day Zambia
Zambia
Zambia , officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. The neighbouring countries are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Namibia to the south, and Angola to the west....
but with land in the western half up to the Kafue River
Kafue River
The Kafue River sustains one of the world's great wildlife environments. It is a major tributary of the Zambezi, and of Zambia's principal rivers, it is the most central and the most urban, and the longest and largest lying wholly within Zambia....
, its border with North-Western Rhodesia. In 1905, just before large-scale copper
Copper
Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu and atomic number 29. It is a ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. Pure copper is soft and malleable; an exposed surface has a reddish-orange tarnish...
mining commenced, the border between the two chartered territories was moved east, removing the area of Lusaka
Lusaka
Lusaka is the capital and largest city of Zambia. It is located in the southern part of the central plateau, at an elevation of about 1,300 metres . It has a population of about 1.7 million . It is a commercial centre as well as the centre of government, and the four main highways of Zambia head...
and the Copperbelt to North-Western Rhodesia. Its capital from 1899 was at Fort Jameson (now Chipata
Chipata
Chipata, population 98,416, is the capital of the Eastern Province of Zambia. The two languages spoken are Nyanja and English, though you might find some Indian languages, as there is a large number of Zambian Indians located in the town...
).
In 1911 the British South Africa Company amalgamated North-Eastern Rhodesia with North-Western Rhodesia
North-Western Rhodesia
North-Western Rhodesia in south central Africa was formed and administered from 1891 under charter by the British South Africa Company which in 1890 had signed a treaty with King Lewanika of the Barotse, the most powerful traditional ruler in the territory...
to form Northern Rhodesia
Northern Rhodesia
Northern Rhodesia was a territory in south central Africa, formed in 1911. It became independent in 1964 as Zambia.It was initially administered under charter by the British South Africa Company and formed by it in 1911 by amalgamating North-Western Rhodesia and North-Eastern Rhodesia...
, later Zambia
Zambia
Zambia , officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. The neighbouring countries are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Namibia to the south, and Angola to the west....
.
See also
- Sir Robert Codrington, Administrator, 1898–1907
- British South Africa CompanyBritish South Africa CompanyThe British South Africa Company was established by Cecil Rhodes through the amalgamation of the Central Search Association and the Exploring Company Ltd., receiving a royal charter in 1889...
- Rhodesia (disambiguation)Rhodesia (disambiguation)Rhodesia refers primarily to a country formed by two land-locked territories in southern Africa, which are today Zambia and Zimbabwe. British colonisers named this territory after Cecil Rhodes and it was separated by a natural border provided by the Zambezi River. Occasionally they are informally...
for dates of the various territories - Northern RhodesiaNorthern RhodesiaNorthern Rhodesia was a territory in south central Africa, formed in 1911. It became independent in 1964 as Zambia.It was initially administered under charter by the British South Africa Company and formed by it in 1911 by amalgamating North-Western Rhodesia and North-Eastern Rhodesia...