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Norman Robert Pogson
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Norman Robert Pogson (March 23, 1829 in Nottingham – June 23, 1891) was an English astronomer.
By the time he was 18 years old, he had computed the orbits of two comets.
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Encyclopedia
Norman Robert Pogson (March 23, 1829 in Nottingham – June 23, 1891) was an English astronomer.
By the time he was 18 years old, he had computed the orbits of two comets. He became an assistant at Radcliffe Observatory in Oxford, England in 1851. In 1860 he travelled to Madras, India, becoming the government astronomer. At the Madras Observatory he produced the Madras Catalogue of 11,015 stars. He also discovered five asteroids and six variable stars.
His most notable contribution was to note that
in the stellar magnitude system introduced by the
Greek astronomer Hipparchus, stars of
the first magnitude were about a hundred times as
bright as stars of the sixth magnitude. His suggestion
in 1856 was to make this a standard, so each decrease in magnitude represented a decrease in brightness equal to the fifth-root of 100 (or about 2.512). The Pogson Ratio became the standard method of assigning magnitudes.
The magnitude relation is given as follows:
where m is the stellar magnitude and L is the luminosity, for stars 1 and 2.
In 1868 and 1871, Pogson joined the Indian solar eclipse expeditions.
During his career he discovered a total of eight asteroids and 21 variable stars. He headed the Madras Observatory for 30 years until his death.
Honours
The following celestial features are named after him:
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