Nina Andreyeva
Encyclopedia
Nina Aleksandrovna Andreyeva was a Russian chemist. A supporter of classical Soviet principles, she wrote an essay that defended many aspects of the traditional Soviet system, and criticized General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev
Mikhail Gorbachev
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev is a former Soviet statesman, having served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991, and as the last head of state of the USSR, having served from 1988 until its dissolution in 1991...

 and his closest supporters for not being real communists.

Career in chemistry

She was born in Leningrad
Leningrad
Leningrad is the former name of Saint Petersburg, Russia.Leningrad may also refer to:- Places :* Leningrad Oblast, a federal subject of Russia, around Saint Petersburg* Leningrad, Tajikistan, capital of Muminobod district in Khatlon Province...

, and was a chemistry lecturer at the Leningrad Technological Institute. She joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Communist Party of the Soviet Union
The Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the only legal, ruling political party in the Soviet Union and one of the largest communist organizations in the world...

 (CPSU) in 1966.

"I Cannot Forsake My Principles"

Her essay "I Cannot Forsake My Principles" (I Cannot Waive Principles) was published in the newspaper Sovetskaya Rossiya on March 13, 1988, at a time when Gorbachev and Alexander Yakovlev
Alexander Nikolaevich Yakovlev
Alexander Nikolaevich Yakovlev was a Soviet politician and historian who was a Soviet governmental official in the 1980s and a member of the Politburo and Secretariat of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union...

 were abroad, and cited an anti-Gorbachev report by the secretary of the Party's Central Committee, Yegor Ligachev
Yegor Ligachev
Yegor Kuzmich Ligachev is a Russian politician who was a high-ranking official in the Communist Party of the Soviet Union . Originally a protege of Mikhail Gorbachev, Ligachev became a challenger to his leadership.-Early life:...

.

Anti-perestroika party officials welcomed the essay, whereas supporters of Gorbachev and Yeltsin feared that it represented a major defeat for them. Gorbachev subsequently revealed that many members of the Politburo seemed to share Andreyeva's views, and that he had to coerce them into approving the publication of an official rejoinder. The published response appeared in Pravda
Pravda
Pravda was a leading newspaper of the Soviet Union and an official organ of the Central Committee of the Communist Party between 1912 and 1991....

 on 5 April 1988, and was not nearly as forceful as its authors have claimed. In the aftermath of this discussion, the General Secretary at least temporarily tightened his own control over the Secretariat of the Central Committee. The entire episode may have contributed to his decision to reform the Secretariat in the autumn of 1988.

Subsequent career

Andreyeva subsequently played a leadership role in the formation of communist organisations. She headed the organising committee of the Bolshevik Platform of the CPSU that "expelled" Gorbachev from the party in September 1991. In November 1991, she became the general secretary of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. In October 1993, the party was temporarily suspended along with fifteen other organisations after President Yeltsin's repression of the attempted coup against his regime. In May 1995 she was stripped of her post as the head of the St. Petersburg Central Committee
Central Committee
Central Committee was the common designation of a standing administrative body of communist parties, analogous to a board of directors, whether ruling or non-ruling in the twentieth century and of the surviving, mostly Trotskyist, states in the early twenty first. In such party organizations the...

of the party for lack of revolutionary activity.

Works

  • Анреева,Нина., За Большевизм в Коммунистическом Движении, Ленинград: Издателъство ЦК БКПБ, 2002 г. ( Andreyeva,Nina, For Bolshevism in the Communist Movement, Leningrad (St.Petersburg), Publishing House of the All-Union Communist Party Bolsheviks, 2002), without ISBN

External links

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