Nikopol, Bulgaria

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Nikopol, Bulgaria

Nikopol (; historically , ) is a town in northern Bulgaria

Bulgaria

The state of Bulgaria , Scientific transliteration Balgarija, officially the Republic of Bulgaria has played a significant role in the Balkans in south-eastern Europe for over fourteen centuries....
, the administrative center of Nikopol municipality

Nikopol Municipality

Nikopol Municipality is a municipality in the northern part of Pleven Province, Bulgaria, capital Nikopol, Bulgaria. Its territory is 415.9 sq....
, part of Pleven Province

Pleven Province

Pleven Province or Plevenska Oblast is a province located in central northern Bulgaria, bordering the Danube river, Romania and the Provinces of Bulgaria of Vratsa Province, Veliko Tarnovo Province and Lovech Province....
, on the right bank of the Danube

Danube

The Danube is the longest river in the European Union and Europe's second longest river after the Volga.The river originates in the Black Forest in Germany as the much smaller Brigach and Breg River rivers which join at the eponymously named German town Donaueschingen, after which it is known as the Danube and flows eastwards for a distance...
river, 4 km downstream from the mouth of the Osam

Osam

The Osam is a river in north Bulgaria, with a length of 314 km and a catchment area of 2,820 km?. The river takes its source from the foot of Levski Peak in Stara Planina, at an altitude of 1821 m....
river. It spreads at the foot of steep chalk cliffs along the Danube and up a narrow valley.

a class="link1" onMouseover='showByLink("m3378735",this)' onMouseout='hide("m3378735")'href="http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Ancient_Rome">Roman times

Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC....
, it was a village in the province of Moesia

Moesia

Moesia was an ancient region and Roman province situated in the areas of modern Serbia, Bulgaria and Romania along the south bank of the Danube River....
, first mentioned in 169.

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Encyclopedia

Nikopol (; historically , ) is a town in northern Bulgaria

Bulgaria

Nikopol Municipality

Nikopol Municipality is a municipality in the northern part of Pleven Province, Bulgaria, capital Nikopol, Bulgaria. Its territory is 415.9 sq....
, part of Pleven Province

Pleven Province

Danube

Osam

History

In Roman times

Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC....
, it was a village in the province of Moesia

Moesia

Moesia was an ancient region and Roman province situated in the areas of modern Serbia, Bulgaria and Romania along the south bank of the Danube River....
, first mentioned in 169. After the decline of the Roman Empire

Roman Empire

The Roman Empire was the Roman Republic phase of the Ancient Rome, characterised by an autocracy form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
, the town turned out to be located at the northern border of the Byzantine Empire

Byzantine Empire

Byzantine Empire and Eastern Roman Empire are conventional names used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered on its capital of Constantinople....
. In 1059, it was named Nicopolis, Greek

Greek language

Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
for "City of Victory". During most of the Middle Ages, it was part of the Bulgarian Empire

Bulgarian Empire

Bulgarian Empire is a term used to describe two periods in the medieval history of Bulgaria, during which it acted as a key regional power in Europe in general and in Southeastern Europe in particular, often rivalling Byzantine Empire....
. After the fall of Tarnovo

Siege of Tarnovo

The siege of Tarnovo occurred in the spring of 1393 and resulted in a decisive Ottoman Empire victory. With the fall of its capital, the Second Bulgarian Empire was reduced down to a few fortresses along the Danube....
in 1393, the last Bulgarian Tsar Ivan Shishman

Ivan Shishman of Bulgaria

Ivan Shishman ruled as emperor of Bulgaria in Veliko Tarnovo 1371-1395. He was born about 1350/1, and was executed on June 3, 1395....
defended what remained of the Empire from the fortress of Nikopol, where he was captured after the town was conquered by the Ottomans in 1395. Nikopol is therefore sometimes considered the capital of Bulgaria during these two years. It was the site of the Battle of Nicopolis

Battle of Nicopolis

The Battle of Nicopolis took place on September 25, 1396, between the Ottoman Empire versus an allied force from Hungary, the Holy Roman Empire, France, Wallachia, Poland, the Knights Hospitaller, the Old Swiss Confederacy, the Republic of Venice, the Republic of Genoa and the Knights of St....
, the last large-scale crusade of the Middle Ages, in 1396. At the fortress of Nicopolis, the united armies of Christian Europe headed by Hungarian

Kingdom of Hungary

The Kingdom of Hungary , which existed from 1000 to 1918, and then from 1920 to 1946, was a considerable state in Central Europe....
king Sigismund

Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor

Sigismund was Holy Roman Emperor for four years from 1433 until 1437, and the last Emperor of the House of Luxemburg. He was also one of the longest ruling King of Hungary, reigning for fifty years from 1387 to 1437....
and various French kinghts were utterly defeated by the Ottomans under Bayezid I

Bayezid I

Bayezid I was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, then R?m, from 1389 to 1402. He was the son of Murad I who was of Turkish people origin and Valide Sultan Gulcicek Hatun or G?l?i?ek Hatun who was of ethnic Greek people descent....
and his Serbian

Serbian Despotate

The Serbian Despotate was among the last Serbs states to be conquered by the Ottoman Empire. As the Battle of Kosovo in 1389 is generally considered as the end of the medieval Serbian state, Despotovina, the successor of the Serbian Empire and the state of prince Lazar of Serbia survived for 70 more years, experiencing a cultural and politic...
ally Stefan Lazarevic

Stefan Lazarevic

Stefan Lazarevic was a Serbian Despot . He was the son and heir to Prince Lazar , who died at the Battle of Kosovo against the Ottoman Empire in 1389, and Princess Milica of Serbia from the subordinate branch of the Nemanjic dynasty....
.

Under Ottoman rule, Nikopol developed into an important military and administrative centre, with a strong fortress and a flourishing economic, spiritual and political life, until it went into a decline during the 17th and 18th centuries. It was the centre of a district (kaza
KAZA

The Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area or KAZA TFCA is a conservation park that will be created by the African countries of Zambia, Angola, Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe....
), but it was overtaken by Pleven

Pleven

Pleven is the seventh most populous city in Bulgaria. Located in the northern part of the country, it is the administrative centre of Pleven Province, as well as of the subordinate Pleven municipality....
as the regional centre of that part of the Bulgarian lands. Nikopol was captured by the Russians in the Battle of Nikopol

Battle of Nikopol

The Battle of Nikopol, or Nicopolis, was one of the early battles of the Russo-Turkish War, 1877?78. As the Russian army crossed the Danube River, they approached the fortified city of Nikopol, Bulgaria ....
in 1877. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Nicopoli

Roman Catholic Diocese of Nicopoli

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Nicopoli is a Roman Catholic diocese of the Latin Rite, which includes the whole Northern part of Bulgaria. The seat of the episcopal see is in Rousse, although the diocese is named after Nikopol, Bulgaria....
, which covers the entirety of Northern Bulgaria

Northern Bulgaria

Northern Bulgaria is the northern half of the territory of Bulgaria, located to the north of the main ridge of the Balkan Mountains which conventionally separates the country into a northern and a southern part....
, was historically based in Nikopol, although the present episcopal see

Episcopal See

An episcopal see is, in the original sense, the official seat of a bishop. This seat, which is also referred to the bishop's cathedra, is placed in the bishop's principal church, which is therefore called the bishop's cathedral....
is in Rousse

Rousse

Rousse is the fifth-largest city in Bulgaria with a population of near 175,600. Rousse is situated in the northeastern part of the country, on the right bank of the Danube, opposite the Romanian city of Giurgiu, 300 kilometre from the capital Sofia and 200 km from the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast....
.

Modern times

Nikopol has a population of 4,255 as of 2008. It is the seat of Nikopol municipality and provides services to the local villages. A landing for a car ferry is under construction which will connect the town with Turnu Magurele

Turnu Magurele

Turnu Magurele is a Municipalities of Romania in Teleorman County, Romania . Developed nearby the site once occupied by the medieval port of Turnu, it is situated north-east of the confluence between the Olt River and the Danube....
on the opposite side of the Danube in Romania

Romania

Romania is a country located in Southeastern Europe Central Europe, North of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian Mountains, bordering on the Black Sea....
. Nikopol was partially flooded by the Danube during the 2006 European floods

2006 European floods

From February to April 2006 many rivers across Europe, especially the Elbe River and Danube, swelled due to heavy rain and melting snow and rose to record levels....
.

Sister city

Shakhty

Shakhty is a types of inhabited localities in Russia in Rostov Oblast, Russia. It is located on the southeastern spur of Donetsk mountain ridge, 75 km northeast from Rostov-on-Don....
, Russia

Russia

Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....

Notable figures associated with Nikopol

Ivan Shishman of Bulgaria
Ivan Shishman of Bulgaria

Ivan Shishman ruled as emperor of Bulgaria in Veliko Tarnovo 1371-1395. He was born about 1350/1, and was executed on June 3, 1395....
, the last emperor of the Second Bulgarian Empire
Second Bulgarian Empire

The Second Bulgarian Empire was a medieval Bulgarian state which existed between 1185 and 1396 . A successor of the First Bulgarian Empire, it reached the peak of its power under Kaloyan of Bulgaria and Ivan Asen II of Bulgaria before gradually declining to be conquered by the Ottomans in the late 14th-early 15th century....
, beheaded at Nikopol in 1395
Jean de Vienne
Jean de Vienne

Jean de Vienne was a France knight, general and admiral during the Hundred Years' War....
, French general and knight (13411396), died at Nikopol
Jean de Carrouges
Jean de Carrouges

Sir Jean de Carrouges IV was a fourteenth century French knight who governed estates in Normandy as a vassal of Peter II of Alen?on and served under Admiral Jean de Vienne in several campaigns against the English and the forces of the Ottoman Empire....
, French knight (1330s1396), died at Nikopol

Honour

Nikopol Point

Nikopol Point is located on the south coast of Livingston Island, projecting 600 m into Bransfield Strait. The point is snow free in summer and was named after the town of Nikopol in northern Bulgaria....
on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands

South Shetland Islands

The South Shetland Islands are a group of List of antarctic and sub-antarctic islands, lying about 120 kilometres north of the Antarctic Peninsula....
, Antarctica

Antarctica

Antarctica is Earth's southernmost continent, overlying the South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctica of the southern hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean....
is named after Nikopol.

Nikopol, Bulgaria

History

Modern times

Sister city

Notable figures associated with Nikopol

Honour

External links