Nicolae Vogoride
Encyclopedia
Prince Nicolae Vogoride (-Romanian
version; Bulgarian
: Никола or Николай Богориди, Nikola or Nikolay Bogoridi; Greek
: Νικόλαος Βογορίδης, Nikolaos Vogoridis; ; 1820 – April 23, 1863) was the Ottoman
-nominated Governor of Moldavia
(1857–1858) following the Crimean War
. He was the son of Stefan Bogoridi
, an Ottoman high official of Bulgarian ethnicity
who also served as Moldavia's governor in 1820–1821, and brother of Alexander Bogoridi
. His mother was Princess Raluca Scanavi.
Born in Iaşi
, Vogoride studied in the Greek Orthodox College
in Istanbul
and later married into the wealthy Conachi family (1846), and sometimes thereafter used the name Nicolae Conachi-Vogoride. His wife was Princess Caterina Conachi, and they had four children: Prince Emanuel, Prince Constantin, Princess Maria and Princess Lucia. In 1856, as Prince Grigore Alexandru Ghica
was removed by the Treaty of Paris
, although Moldavia remained technically under the suzerainty
of the Ottoman Empire, Vogoride was appointed as finance minister under the new government of caimacam Teodor Balş
. When Balş died on March 1, 1857, Vogoride replaced him. He showed himself to be an ultra-conservative
, and was against the union of Moldavia with Wallachia, the other Danubian Principality
— the union project was advanced by the Romanian
liberals who had taken part in the 1848 Moldavian revolution
and, returning from exile, were organizing themselves as Partida Naţională
.
The Treaty of Paris also required elections for the Moldavian Assembly, to be supervised by the Ottoman ambassadors of the signing parties. When these were held on July 19 of that year, Vogoride rigged the election lists to ensure a conservative majority with a strong Ottoman bias. When Sultan
Abdülmecid I
, with the assurances of Imperial Austria
, did not void the election, Moldavia's other overseers (French Empire
, Imperial Russia, Prussia
and the Kingdom of Sardinia
) broke diplomatic relations with the Ottoman Empire on August 4; by August 9, a compromise had been reached, the first election was annulled, and a new one was held on September 22. Not unsurprisingly, the majority of those elected were in favor of the union of the two principalities.
Vogoride was removed from office in October 1858. He died in Bucharest
. His burial was in 1863 at Brăila
.
One year later, his wife Princess Caterina married Emanuele Ruspoli, 1st Prince of Poggio Suasa
.
Romanian language
Romanian Romanian Romanian (or Daco-Romanian; obsolete spellings Rumanian, Roumanian; self-designation: română, limba română ("the Romanian language") or românește (lit. "in Romanian") is a Romance language spoken by around 24 to 28 million people, primarily in Romania and Moldova...
version; Bulgarian
Bulgarian language
Bulgarian is an Indo-European language, a member of the Slavic linguistic group.Bulgarian, along with the closely related Macedonian language, demonstrates several linguistic characteristics that set it apart from all other Slavic languages such as the elimination of case declension, the...
: Никола or Николай Богориди, Nikola or Nikolay Bogoridi; Greek
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
: Νικόλαος Βογορίδης, Nikolaos Vogoridis; ; 1820 – April 23, 1863) was the Ottoman
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
-nominated Governor of Moldavia
Moldavia
Moldavia is a geographic and historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester river...
(1857–1858) following the Crimean War
Crimean War
The Crimean War was a conflict fought between the Russian Empire and an alliance of the French Empire, the British Empire, the Ottoman Empire, and the Kingdom of Sardinia. The war was part of a long-running contest between the major European powers for influence over territories of the declining...
. He was the son of Stefan Bogoridi
Stefan Bogoridi
Prince Stefan Bogoridi was a high ranking Ottoman statesman of Bulgarian origin, grandson of Sophronius of Vratsa and father of Alexander Bogoridi and Nicolae Vogoride...
, an Ottoman high official of Bulgarian ethnicity
Bulgarians
The Bulgarians are a South Slavic nation and ethnic group native to Bulgaria and neighbouring regions. Emigration has resulted in immigrant communities in a number of other countries.-History and ethnogenesis:...
who also served as Moldavia's governor in 1820–1821, and brother of Alexander Bogoridi
Alexander Bogoridi
Prince Alexander Stefanov Bogoridi Стефанов Богориди; Turkish: Aleko Pasha; ) was an Ottoman statesman of Bulgarian origin....
. His mother was Princess Raluca Scanavi.
Born in Iaşi
Iasi
Iași is the second most populous city and a municipality in Romania. Located in the historical Moldavia region, Iași has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Romanian social, cultural, academic and artistic life...
, Vogoride studied in the Greek Orthodox College
Phanar Greek Orthodox College
-See also:*Fener*Greeks in Turkey*Zografeion Lyceum*List of schools in Istanbul*Ottoman Greeks...
in Istanbul
Istanbul
Istanbul , historically known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the largest city of Turkey. Istanbul metropolitan province had 13.26 million people living in it as of December, 2010, which is 18% of Turkey's population and the 3rd largest metropolitan area in Europe after London and...
and later married into the wealthy Conachi family (1846), and sometimes thereafter used the name Nicolae Conachi-Vogoride. His wife was Princess Caterina Conachi, and they had four children: Prince Emanuel, Prince Constantin, Princess Maria and Princess Lucia. In 1856, as Prince Grigore Alexandru Ghica
Grigore Alexandru Ghica
Grigore Alexandru Ghica or Ghika was a Prince of Moldavia between October 14, 1849 and June 1853, and again between October 30, 1854 and June 3, 1856...
was removed by the Treaty of Paris
Treaty of Paris (1856)
The Treaty of Paris of 1856 settled the Crimean War between Russia and an alliance of the Ottoman Empire, the British Empire, Second French Empire, and the Kingdom of Sardinia. The treaty, signed on March 30, 1856 at the Congress of Paris, made the Black Sea neutral territory, closing it to all...
, although Moldavia remained technically under the suzerainty
Suzerainty
Suzerainty occurs where a region or people is a tributary to a more powerful entity which controls its foreign affairs while allowing the tributary vassal state some limited domestic autonomy. The dominant entity in the suzerainty relationship, or the more powerful entity itself, is called a...
of the Ottoman Empire, Vogoride was appointed as finance minister under the new government of caimacam Teodor Balş
Teodor Balş
Teodor Balș was a kaymakam who ruled Moldavia between July 20, 1856 and March 1, 1857. The Porte appointed him replacing the previous domnitor Grigore Alexandru Ghica, whos mandate finished after seven years...
. When Balş died on March 1, 1857, Vogoride replaced him. He showed himself to be an ultra-conservative
Conservatism
Conservatism is a political and social philosophy that promotes the maintenance of traditional institutions and supports, at the most, minimal and gradual change in society. Some conservatives seek to preserve things as they are, emphasizing stability and continuity, while others oppose modernism...
, and was against the union of Moldavia with Wallachia, the other Danubian Principality
Danubian Principalities
Danubian Principalities was a conventional name given to the Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia, which emerged in the early 14th century. The term was coined in the Habsburg Monarchy after the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca in order to designate an area on the lower Danube with a common...
— the union project was advanced by the Romanian
Romanians
The Romanians are an ethnic group native to Romania, who speak Romanian; they are the majority inhabitants of Romania....
liberals who had taken part in the 1848 Moldavian revolution
Moldavian Revolution of 1848
The Moldavian Revolution of 1848 was an unsuccessful Romanian liberal and Romantic nationalist revolt in the principality of Moldavia. Part of the Revolutions of 1848, and closely connected with the successful uprising in Wallachia, it sought to overturn the administration imposed by Imperial...
and, returning from exile, were organizing themselves as Partida Naţională
Partida Nationala
The Partida Naţională was a liberal Romanian political party active between 1856 and 1859. It was a loose group which supported the union of the Danubian Principalities....
.
The Treaty of Paris also required elections for the Moldavian Assembly, to be supervised by the Ottoman ambassadors of the signing parties. When these were held on July 19 of that year, Vogoride rigged the election lists to ensure a conservative majority with a strong Ottoman bias. When Sultan
Ottoman Dynasty
The Ottoman Dynasty ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1299 to 1922, beginning with Osman I , though the dynasty was not proclaimed until Orhan Bey declared himself sultan...
Abdülmecid I
Abdülmecid I
Sultan Abdülmecid I, Abdul Mejid I, Abd-ul-Mejid I or Abd Al-Majid I Ghazi was the 31st Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and succeeded his father Mahmud II on July 2, 1839. His reign was notable for the rise of nationalist movements within the empire's territories...
, with the assurances of Imperial Austria
Austrian Empire
The Austrian Empire was a modern era successor empire, which was centered on what is today's Austria and which officially lasted from 1804 to 1867. It was followed by the Empire of Austria-Hungary, whose proclamation was a diplomatic move that elevated Hungary's status within the Austrian Empire...
, did not void the election, Moldavia's other overseers (French Empire
Second French Empire
The Second French Empire or French Empire was the Imperial Bonapartist regime of Napoleon III from 1852 to 1870, between the Second Republic and the Third Republic, in France.-Rule of Napoleon III:...
, Imperial Russia, Prussia
Prussia
Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
and the Kingdom of Sardinia
Kingdom of Sardinia
The Kingdom of Sardinia consisted of the island of Sardinia first as a part of the Crown of Aragon and subsequently the Spanish Empire , and second as a part of the composite state of the House of Savoy . Its capital was originally Cagliari, in the south of the island, and later Turin, on the...
) broke diplomatic relations with the Ottoman Empire on August 4; by August 9, a compromise had been reached, the first election was annulled, and a new one was held on September 22. Not unsurprisingly, the majority of those elected were in favor of the union of the two principalities.
Vogoride was removed from office in October 1858. He died in Bucharest
Bucharest
Bucharest is the capital municipality, cultural, industrial, and financial centre of Romania. It is the largest city in Romania, located in the southeast of the country, at , and lies on the banks of the Dâmbovița River....
. His burial was in 1863 at Brăila
Braila
Brăila is a city in Muntenia, eastern Romania, a port on the Danube and the capital of Brăila County, in the close vicinity of Galaţi.According to the 2002 Romanian census there were 216,292 people living within the city of Brăila, making it the 10th most populous city in Romania.-History:A...
.
One year later, his wife Princess Caterina married Emanuele Ruspoli, 1st Prince of Poggio Suasa
Emanuele Ruspoli, 1st Prince of Poggio Suasa
Emanuele Francesco Maria dei Principi Ruspoli was the 1st Principe di Poggio Suasa, son of Bartolomeo dei Principi Ruspoli and wife Carolina Ratti and paternal grandson of Francesco Ruspoli, 3rd Prince of Cerveteri and second wife Countess Maria Leopoldina von Khevenhüller-Metsch and ancestor of...
.