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New York metropolitan area
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The New York metropolitan area or Tri-State Region is the most populous metropolitan area in the United States and is also one of the most populous in the world. The metropolitan area is defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget as the New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, New York-New Jersey-Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), with an estimated population of 18,815,988 (roughly 1 in 16 Americans) as of 2007. The MSA is further subdivided into four metropolitan divisions.
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Encyclopedia
The New York metropolitan area or Tri-State Region is the most populous metropolitan area in the United States and is also one of the most populous in the world. The metropolitan area is defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget as the New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, New York-New Jersey-Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), with an estimated population of 18,815,988 (roughly 1 in 16 Americans) as of 2007. The MSA is further subdivided into four metropolitan divisions. The 23-county metropolitan area includes ten counties in New York State (those coinciding with the five boroughs of New York City, the two counties of Long Island, and three counties in the lower Hudson Valley); twelve counties in Northern and Central New Jersey; and one county in northeastern Pennsylvania. The largest urbanized area in the United States is at the heart of the metropolitan area, the New York–Newark, NY–NJ–CT Urbanized Area (with a population of 17,799,861 as of the 2000 census).
Based on commuting patterns, the Office of Management and Budget also defines a wider region consisting of the New York metropolitan area plus five adjacent metropolitan areas. The area is known as the New York-Newark-Bridgeport, New York-New Jersey-Connecticut-Pennsylvania Combined Statistical Area (CSA), with an estimated population of 21,961,994 as of 2007. About one out of every fifteen Americans resides in this region, which includes seven additional counties in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut, and is often referred to as the Tri-state Area and less commonly the Tri-State Region (leaving out Pennsylvania). However, the New York City television designated market area (DMA) includes Pike County, Pennsylvania.
This wider region includes the largest city in the United States (New York), the five largest cities in New Jersey (Newark, Jersey City, Elizabeth, Paterson and Trenton) and six of the seven largest cities in Connecticut (Bridgeport, New Haven, Stamford, Waterbury, Norwalk & Danbury). The total land area of the extended metropolitan area is .
Components of the metropolitan area
The counties and county groupings comprising the New York metropolitan area are listed below with 2007 U.S. Census Bureau estimates of their populations.
New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA Metropolitan Statistical Area (18,815,988)
- New York-White Plains-Wayne, NY-NJ Metropolitan Division (11,582,569)
- Kings County (Brooklyn), NY (2,986,235)
- Queens County, NY (2,841,600)
- New York County (Manhattan), NY (1,593,200)
- Bronx County, NY (1,357,589)
- Richmond County (Staten Island), NY (464,573)
- Westchester County, NY (940,807)
- Bergen County, NJ (902,561)
- Hudson County, NJ (603,521)
- Passaic County, NJ (499,060)
- Rockland County, NY (292,916)
- Putnam County, NY (100,507)
- Nassau-Suffolk, NY Metropolitan Division (2,808,064)
- Edison-New Brunswick, NJ Metropolitan Division (2,303,709)
- Newark-Union, NJ-PA Metropolitan Division (2,152,978)
- Essex County, NJ (791,057)
- Union County, NJ (531,457)
- Morris County, NJ (490,593)
- Sussex County, NJ (153,130)
- Hunterdon County, NJ (130,404)
- Pike County, PA (56,337)
In addition to the New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA Metropolitan Statistical Area, the following Metropolitan Statistical Areas are also included in the New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area (total pop. 21,903,623):
- Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT Metropolitan Statistical Area (902,775)
- New Haven-Milford, CT Metropolitan Statistical Area (846,766)
- Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area (667,742)
- Trenton-Ewing, NJ Metropolitan Statistical Area (366,256)
- Torrington, CT Micropolitan Statistical Area (190,071)
- Kingston, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area (182,693)
The area is frequently categorized and referenced according to geographic factors:
- The Five Boroughs (New York City Proper)
- Long Island (Divided by water from other three suburban regions)
- North Jersey (Metropolitan areas found in the state of New Jersey; divided by state line and water from rest of area)
- Hudson Valley (Lower Hudson Valley suburbs of Westchester, Putnam and Rockland Counties; and Mid-Hudson exurbs of Dutchess, Orange and Ulster Counties; features strictly controlled development north of I-287)
- Connecticut (Only Fairfield, New Haven and Litchfield Counties are metropolitan; divided by state line)
All five areas can be (and often are) further divided. For instance, Long Island can be divided into the South and North Shores (usually when speaking about Nassau County), Western Suffolk, and the East End. The Hudson Valley and Connecticut are sometimes grouped together and referred to as the Northern Suburbs, largely because of the shared usage of Metro-North Railroad.
Sixty-three percent of the population (13,730,534) lives in the 43% of the land area that is east of the Ambrose Channel/The Narrows/Hudson River; Thirty-seven percent of the population (8,128,296) lives in the 57% of the land area that is west of the Ambrose Channel/The Narrows/Hudson River.
Urban areas of the region
The combined statistical area is a multicore metropolitan region containing several urban areas.
Population
Rank | Urbanized Area | State(s) | 2000
Population |
|---|
| 1 | New York--Newark | NY--NJ--CT | 17,799,861 | | 42 | Bridgeport--Stamford | CT--NY | 888,890 | | 70 | New Haven | CT | 531,314 | | 90 | Poughkeepsie--Newburgh | NY | 351,982 | | 122 | Trenton | NJ | 268,472 | | 163 | Waterbury | CT | 189,026 | | 190 | Danbury | CT--NY | 154,455 | | 350 | Hightstown | NJ | 69,977 | | 435 | Kingston | NY | 53,458 | | 452 | Middletown | NY | 50,071 | |
Principal cities
The following is a list of principal cities in the New York-Newark-Bridgeport Combined Statistical Area with 2005 U.S. Census Bureau estimates of their population. Principal cities are generally those where there is a greater number of jobs than employed residents.
- New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island MSA
- New York City (8,143,197)
- Newark, New Jersey (280,666)
- Edison, New Jersey (100,499)
- White Plains, New York (56,733)
- Union, New Jersey (55,326)
- Wayne, New Jersey (55,150)
- New Brunswick, New Jersey (50,143)
- Trenton-Ewing MSA
- Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk MSA
- Bridgeport, Connecticut (139,008)
- Stamford, Connecticut (120,045)
- Norwalk, Connecticut (84,437)
- Danbury, Connecticut (78,736)
- Stratford, Connecticut (49,943)
- New Haven-Milford MSA
- Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown MSA
- Kingston MSA
- Torrington Micropolitan Area
Transportation
Commuter rail
The metropolitan area is partly defined by the areas from which people commute into New York City. The city is served by three primary commuter train systems plus Amtrak.
train going to New York City. The Acela Express is the first and only high-speed rail service in the country.]]
The Long Island Rail Road (LIRR), the busiest commuter railroad in the United States, is operated by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA), an agency of New York State. It has two major terminals at Pennsylvania Station in Midtown Manhattan and Flatbush Avenue in Downtown Brooklyn, with a minor terminal at Long Island City station and a major transfer point at Jamaica station in Queens.
Metro-North Railroad (MNRR), the second busiest commuter railroad in the United States, is also operated by the MTA, but in conjunction with the Connecticut Department of Transportation and New Jersey Transit. Its major terminal is Grand Central Terminal. Trains on the Port Jervis Line and Pascack Valley Line terminate at Hoboken Terminal; commuters may transfer at Secaucus Junction for New Jersey Transit trains to New York Pennsylvania Station.
New Jersey Transit (NJT), the third busiest commuter railroad in the United States by passenger miles and also third in trips when direct operated and purchased transportation services are both included (fourth if only direct operated are included) , is operated by the New Jersey Transit Corporation, an agency of New Jersey, in conjunction with Metro-North and Amtrak. A map of the system can be found . It has major terminals at Pennsylvania Station in Manhattan, Hoboken Terminal in Hoboken, and Pennsylvania Station in Newark, with a major transfer point at Secaucus Junction. New Jersey transit also operates a light rail system in Hudson County, as well as the Newark Light Rail.
Amtrak's Northeast Corridor offers service to Philadelphia, New Haven, and other points between and including Boston and Washington, D.C.
Major stations in the metropolitan area are:
The following table shows all train lines operated by these commuter railroads in the New York metropolitan area. New Jersey Transit operates an additional train line in the Philadelphia metropolitan area. (Shown counterclockwise from the Atlantic Ocean):
| Line or Branch | Railroad | Counties |
|---|
| Far Rockaway | LIRR | Queens, Nassau | | Long Beach | LIRR | Nassau | | Montauk | LIRR | Suffolk | | Babylon | LIRR | Nassau, Suffolk | | West Hempstead | LIRR | Queens, Nassau | | Hempstead | LIRR | Queens, Nassau | | Ronkokoma (Main Line) | LIRR | Nassau, Suffolk | | Port Jefferson | LIRR | Nassau, Suffolk | | Oyster Bay | LIRR | Nassau | | Port Washington | LIRR | Queens, Nassau | | New Haven | MNRR, Shore Line East | Westchester, Fairfield, New Haven | | Harlem | MNRR | New York, Bronx, Westchester, Putnam, Dutchess | | Hudson | MNRR | Bronx, Westchester, Putnam, Dutchess | | Pascack Valley | MNRR, NJT | Hudson, Bergen, Passaic, Rockland, Orange | | Port Jervis/Main Line/Bergen County | MNRR, NJT | Hudson, Bergen, Passaic, Rockland, Orange | | Montclair-Boonton | NJT | New York, Hudson, Essex, Passaic, Morris, Warren | | Morris & Essex (Morristown Line and Gladstone Branch) | NJT | New York, Hudson, Essex, Union, Morris, Somerset, Warren | | Raritan Valley | NJT | Hudson, Essex, Union, Middlesex, Somerset, Hunterdon | | Northeast Corridor and Princeton Branch | NJT, Amtrak | New York, Hudson, Essex, Union, Middlesex, Mercer | | North Jersey Coast | NJT | New York, Hudson, Essex, Union, Middlesex, Monmouth, Ocean | |
Additionally, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, an agency of the states of New York and New Jersey, operates the PATH system. This heavy rail transportation service serves the counties of New York, Hudson and Essex. A map can be found .
Major highways
Some of the major freeways/expressways carrying commuter traffic in and out of New York City are:
NJ Route 17
NJ Route 4
Commuter bus
New Jersey Transit, Academy Bus, Coach USA, Adirondack Trailways (under the names of New York Trailways, Pine Hill Trailways, as well as Adirondack Trailways) and several other companies operate commuter coaches into the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Manhattan, and many other bus services in New Jersey. Bus services also operate in other nearby counties in the states of New York and Connecticut, but most terminate at a subway terminal or other rail station.
Major airports
The metropolitan area is served by three major airports.
The following smaller airports are also in the metro area and provide daily commercial service:
See also
Demographics
Ethnic diversity
Since its foundation as the mercantile colony of New Netherland the metropolitan area has been noted for ethnic diversity. Beginning in the later 19th century, the New York Area was in large degree divided among Italians, Irish, German, and Jewish populations. The Polish and Lebanese also established small communities.
Thanks to successive waves of immigration, begun in earnest in the 19th century and continuing today, the area's diversity continues to grow. The states of New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut are all ranked among the top 10 fastest-growing immigration states in America, and great numbers of recent immigrants from across Latin America, East Asia, and the Caribbean now call the New York metropolitan area home. While prominent ethnic neighborhoods in the region are too numerous to list, there are multiple neighborhoods with large Dominican, Puerto Rican, Colombian, Ecuadorian, Mexican, Chinese, Filipino, Russian, Korean, Indian, Pakistani, Italian, Irish, and Polish communities. The cuisines of virtually every major ethnic group on the planet are at least partially represented in the area, with the culinary landscape of New York changing slightly from year to year as new arrivals settle in.
The New York metropolitan area hosts a religious diversity in line with its ethnic diversity. Houses of worship exist for numerous Christian denominations, especially Catholicism but also various churches within both Eastern Orthodoxy and Protestantism. New York has a large Jewish population, is a major center of Orthodox Judaism and is home to the headquarters of many Hasidic movements, particularly in the borough of Brooklyn. Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism, Sikhism, Taoism, and many other religions have formal houses of worship in the area. Along with these religions, there are also many people who practice no religion at all.
Culture
Sports teams
Listing of the professional sports teams in the New York metropolitan area
External references
See also
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