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Neofolk



 
 
Neofolk is a form of folk music
Folk music

Folk music can have a number of different meanings, including:* Traditional music: The original meaning of the term "folk music" was synonymous with the term "Traditional music", also often including World Music and Roots music; the term "Traditional music" was given its more specific meaning to distinguish it from the other definition...
-inspired experimental music that emerged from post-industrial music circles. Neofolk can either be solely acoustic folk music or a blend of acoustic folk instrumentation aided by varieties of accompanying sounds such as pianos, strings and elements of industrial music
Industrial music

Industrial music comprises many styles of experimental music, including many forms of electronic music. The term was coined in the mid-1970s to describe Industrial Records artists....
 and experimental music
Experimental music

Experimental music refers, in the English-language literature, to a compositional tradition which arose in the mid-twentieth century, particularly in North America, and whose most famous and influential exponent was John Cage ....
. The genre encompasses a wide assortment of themes including traditional music, heathenry
Germanic neopaganism

Germanic Neopaganism is the Neopaganism of historical Germanic paganism. Precursor movements appeared in the early 20th century in Esotericism in Germany and Austria....
, romanticism
Romanticism

Romanticism is a complex artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the Industrial Revolution....
 and occultism. Neofolk musicians often have ties to other genres such as neoclassical
Neoclassical (Dark Wave)

Neoclassical Dark Wave refers to a music genre within the Dark Wave movement. It is characterized by the use of ethereal atmosphere and angelic female voices but also adds strong influences from classical music....
 and martial industrial.

term "neofolk" originates from esoteric music circles who started using the term in the late 20th century to describe music influenced by musicians such as Douglas Pearce (Death In June), Tony Wakeford
Tony Wakeford

Anthony Charles "Tony" Wakeford is an England folk music and neoclassicism musician who primarily records under the name Sol Invictus .Wakeford lives in London and is married to Sol Invictus and L'Orchestre Noir violinist Ren?e Rosen....
 (Sol Invictus
Sol Invictus (band)

Sol Invictus is an England neofolk and neo-classical music group fronted by Tony Wakeford. Beginning with electronic experimentation combined with folk-influenced guitar work, the sound of Sol Invictus has become considerably more neoclassical over the years and has had a large amount of influence on the development of neofolk music....
) and David Tibet
David Tibet

David Tibet is a United Kingdom poet and artist who founded the music group Current 93, of which he is the only full-time member. He had earlier collaborated with Psychic TV and 23 Skidoo....
 (Current 93
Current 93

Current 93 are an eclectic United Kingdom experimental music group, working since the early 1980s in folk music-based musical forms. The band was founded in 1982 by David Tibet ....
) who had collaborated heavily for a period of time.






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Encyclopedia


Neofolk is a form of folk music
Folk music

Folk music can have a number of different meanings, including:* Traditional music: The original meaning of the term "folk music" was synonymous with the term "Traditional music", also often including World Music and Roots music; the term "Traditional music" was given its more specific meaning to distinguish it from the other definition...
-inspired experimental music that emerged from post-industrial music circles. Neofolk can either be solely acoustic folk music or a blend of acoustic folk instrumentation aided by varieties of accompanying sounds such as pianos, strings and elements of industrial music
Industrial music

Industrial music comprises many styles of experimental music, including many forms of electronic music. The term was coined in the mid-1970s to describe Industrial Records artists....
 and experimental music
Experimental music

Experimental music refers, in the English-language literature, to a compositional tradition which arose in the mid-twentieth century, particularly in North America, and whose most famous and influential exponent was John Cage ....
. The genre encompasses a wide assortment of themes including traditional music, heathenry
Germanic neopaganism

Germanic Neopaganism is the Neopaganism of historical Germanic paganism. Precursor movements appeared in the early 20th century in Esotericism in Germany and Austria....
, romanticism
Romanticism

Romanticism is a complex artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the Industrial Revolution....
 and occultism. Neofolk musicians often have ties to other genres such as neoclassical
Neoclassical (Dark Wave)

Neoclassical Dark Wave refers to a music genre within the Dark Wave movement. It is characterized by the use of ethereal atmosphere and angelic female voices but also adds strong influences from classical music....
 and martial industrial.

History

The term "neofolk" originates from esoteric music circles who started using the term in the late 20th century to describe music influenced by musicians such as Douglas Pearce (Death In June), Tony Wakeford
Tony Wakeford

Anthony Charles "Tony" Wakeford is an England folk music and neoclassicism musician who primarily records under the name Sol Invictus .Wakeford lives in London and is married to Sol Invictus and L'Orchestre Noir violinist Ren?e Rosen....
 (Sol Invictus
Sol Invictus (band)

Sol Invictus is an England neofolk and neo-classical music group fronted by Tony Wakeford. Beginning with electronic experimentation combined with folk-influenced guitar work, the sound of Sol Invictus has become considerably more neoclassical over the years and has had a large amount of influence on the development of neofolk music....
) and David Tibet
David Tibet

David Tibet is a United Kingdom poet and artist who founded the music group Current 93, of which he is the only full-time member. He had earlier collaborated with Psychic TV and 23 Skidoo....
 (Current 93
Current 93

Current 93 are an eclectic United Kingdom experimental music group, working since the early 1980s in folk music-based musical forms. The band was founded in 1982 by David Tibet ....
) who had collaborated heavily for a period of time. These musicians were part of a post-industrial music circle who later on incorporated folk music based upon traditional and European elements into their sound. Folk musicians such as Vulcan's Hammer, Changes
Changes (band)

Changes are an United States folk band formed in 1969 by cousins Robert N. Taylor and Nicholas Tesluk. Changes saw three distinct periods with rotating band members before their contemporary incarnation, heavily associated with the neofolk genre....
 and Comus
Comus (band)

Comus is a United Kingdom progressive rock / progressive folk band which had a brief career in the early 1970s and has enjoyed some notoriety from collectors....
 had created music with similar sounds and themes to neofolk as far back as the 1960s. These musicians could be considered harbingers of the sound that later influenced the neofolk artists. However, the distinction must be made that it was the aforementioned artists who were involved in the dark music scene throughout the 1980s and 1990s
1990s in music

The decade of the 1990s was possibly the most diverse period of pop music in history. Soon after the 1980s ended , musical trends quickly shifted from the 1980s standards, most notably from synthpop to house music from the years 1989 to 1991, the replacement of hair metal and classic rock with alternative rock and grunge music, and the popularity o...
 that contributed specifically to the emergence of neofolk. Neofolk is seen by many as an extension of post-industrial music into the folk music genre which did not occur until the late 20th century.

Culture


The spirit of neofolk contains parallels to the ideals of American and British folk movements of the 1960s. The basis of this music is built upon principles against commercialization and popular culture. However the themes of neofolk and folk music are drastically different. A majority of artists within the neofolk genre focus on archaic, cultural and literary references. Local traditions and indigenous beliefs tend to be portrayed heavily as well as esoteric and historical topics.

Heathenry

Of particular mention is Heathenry. This subject plays a large part in the thematic elements touched upon by many modern and original neofolk artists. Runes
Runic alphabet

The runic alphabets are a set of related alphabets using Letter known as runes to write various Germanic languages prior to the adoption of the Latin alphabet and for specialized purposes thereafter....
, heathen European sites and other means of expressing an interest in the ancient and ancestral occurs often in neofolk music. Aesthetically, references to this subject occur within band names, album artwork, clothing and various other means of artistic expression. This has led to some forefathers of the genre and current artists within the genre attributing it to being an aspect of a broader Heathen revival.

Related terms and styles


Apocalyptic folk

As a descriptor, apocalyptic folk predates neofolk and was used by David Tibet to describe the music of his band Current 93
Current 93

Current 93 are an eclectic United Kingdom experimental music group, working since the early 1980s in folk music-based musical forms. The band was founded in 1982 by David Tibet ....
 during a period in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Initially, Tibet did not intend to imply connection with the folk music genre; rather, that Current 93 was made by "apocalyptic folk, or guys."

The term was applied to most artists on the now-defunct World Serpent Distribution
World Serpent Distribution

World Serpent Distribution was a England record label and music distribution house formed in the 1990s by David Gibson, Alan Trench and Alison Webster with assistance from Douglas Pearce of Death In June....
 company and music influenced directly by C93's Thunder Perfect Mind
Thunder Perfect Mind (album)

Thunder Perfect Mind is an album by the England group Current 93. It contains two tracks based on the Gnostic poem The Thunder, Perfect Mind, which also gave the album its name....
 era. Gnostic
Gnosticism

Gnosticism refers to diverse, syncretistic religious movements in antiquity consisting of various belief systems generally united in the teaching that humans are divine souls trapped in a Nature created by an imperfect god, the demiurge; this being is frequently identified with the Abrahamic God, and is contrasted with a superior entity, ref...
 and Thelemic
Thelema

Thelema is a philosophy of life based on the rule or law, "Do what thou wilt." The ideal of "Do what thou wilt" and its association with the word Thelema goes back to Fran?ois Rabelais, but was more fully developed and proselytized by Aleister Crowley, who founded a religion named Thelema based on this ideal....
 themes are often featured in the works of these artists, as well as influences from 1960s psychedelic rock
Psychedelic rock

CharacteristicsThe musical style typically features electric guitars, 12 strings being preferred for their 'jangle'; elaborate studio effects - backwards taping, panning , phasing, long delay loops and extreme reverb; exotic instrumentation, with a particular fondness for the sitar and tabla; A strong keyboard presence, especially Hammond, Far...
 and psych folk
Psych folk

Psychedelic folk or psych folk is a loosely defined music genre that originated in the 1960s through the fusion of folk music and psychedelic rock....
. It is also sometimes used to describe those of similar musical distinction but not directly influenced or associated, such as Michael Gira
Michael Gira

Michael Rolfe Gira is an American musician, author, and artist. He was the main force behind the now dissolved New York City musical group Swans and currently fronts The Angels of Light....
. The project Ordo Rosarius Equilibrio
Ordo Rosarius Equilibrio

Ordo Rosarius Equilibrio is a neofolk and martial industrial music group from Stockholm.The band is composed of its founding member and vocalist Tomas Pettersson, and Rose-Marie Larsen, who replaced Chelsea Krook on backup vocals....
 are one of the only currently active bands that describes their music as apocalyptic folk.

Folk noir

Folk noir was a term originally coined by photographer David Mearns in the 1980's to describe the music of mid-period Sol Invictus
Sol Invictus (band)

Sol Invictus is an England neofolk and neo-classical music group fronted by Tony Wakeford. Beginning with electronic experimentation combined with folk-influenced guitar work, the sound of Sol Invictus has become considerably more neoclassical over the years and has had a large amount of influence on the development of neofolk music....
. It is generally related to Tursa Records-related bands. It is sometimes found on webzines as a more neutral term, without the specific connotations of "neofolk", but the meaning is largely the same though the usage of the term noir
NOIR

Noir is a science fiction novel by K. W. Jeter, published in 1998. It uses the Convention of film noir ? the alienated, doomed hero, the cynical private detective, the femme fatale, universal corruption and moral breakdown ? to portray a dystopian vision of capitalism run riot....
 hints at an overall dark subject matter.

The term has had a resurgence in 2007 to describe the glamorous, theatrical melancholia of folk artists such as Catherine Ann Davies and Delirium Tremens in the underground London singer-songwriter scene.

Other vague terms sometimes used to describe artists of this genre include "dark folk" and "pagan
Paganism

Paganism is the blanket term given to describe religions and spiritual practices of pre-Christian Europe, and by extension a term for polytheistic?traditions or folk religion?worldwide seen from a Western or Christian viewpoint....
 folk
". These terms are umbrella term
Umbrella term

An umbrella term is a word that provides a superset or wikt:grouping of related concepts, also called a hypernym.For example, cryptology is an umbrella term that encompasses cryptography and cryptanalysis, among other fields....
s that also describe various other forms of unrelated music.

Martial Industrial

Martial Industrial or military pop is a genre that shares a lot in common with neofolk and developed very close to it. A number of artists that could be classified as neofolk also regularly work with and play shows with martial industrial acts or produce martial industrial.

Other related styles include dark ambient
Dark ambient

Dark ambient is a subgenre of ambient music that features foreboding, ominous, or discordant overtones. Dark ambient emerged in the 1980s and 1990s with the introduction of new synthesizer and Sampling technology in the electronic music genre and other technical advances in music....
, neoclassical music, dark cabaret
Dark Cabaret

Dark cabaret is a music genre that blends the aesthetics of the decadent, risqu? Germany Weimar Republic-era cabarets and 1920s burlesque and vaudeville shows with the morbid, gloomy stylings of post-1970s-Goth subculture, gothic rock, punk rock, deathrock, and darkwave music....
, folk metal
Folk metal

Folk metal is a sub-genre of heavy metal music that developed in Europe during the 1990s. As the name suggests, the genre is a fusion of heavy metal with folk music....
, industrial
Industrial music

Industrial music comprises many styles of experimental music, including many forms of electronic music. The term was coined in the mid-1970s to describe Industrial Records artists....
 and post-industrial or a mixture of all these, such as music created that fits under the heading of martial industrial.

Artists

  • Agalloch
    Agalloch

    Agalloch is an United states heavy metal music band formed in 1995 in Portland, Oregon. The band is led by vocalist and guitarist John Haughm and so far have released four limited EPs, three full-length albums, two demos, one split album, and one compilation album....
  • Argine
  • Ataraxia
    Ataraxia

    Ataraxia is a Ancient Greek term used by Pyrrho and Epicurus for a limpid state, characterized by freedom from worry or any other preoccupation....
  • Belborn
    Belborn

    Belborn was the neofolk, Experimental music and traditional music music works of Germany musicians Holger F....
  • Blood Axis
    Blood Axis

    Blood Axis is the name under which journalist and author Michael Moynihan and musician and author Annabel Lee compose and release music....
  • Changes
    Changes (band)

    Changes are an United States folk band formed in 1969 by cousins Robert N. Taylor and Nicholas Tesluk. Changes saw three distinct periods with rotating band members before their contemporary incarnation, heavily associated with the neofolk genre....
  • Current 93
    Current 93

    Current 93 are an eclectic United Kingdom experimental music group, working since the early 1980s in folk music-based musical forms. The band was founded in 1982 by David Tibet ....
  • Darkwood
    Darkwood (band)

    Darkwood is the neofolk music works of Germany musician Henryk Vogel.DiscographyAlbums and EPsExternal linksOfficial...
  • Death in June
  • Der Blutharsch
  • Empyrium
    Empyrium

    Empyrium started as Germany symphonic folk metal/doom metal and later neofolk band founded in 1994 by Markus Stock and Andreas Bach, but later many other participated....


  • Fire + Ice
    Fire + Ice (band)

    Fire + Ice is the name of England musician Ian Read 's primary dark folk ensemble....
  • Forseti
    Forseti (band)

    Forseti was a neofolk#folk noir / apocalyptic folk crossover of Germany musician Andreas Ritter, from the city of Jena. For studio recordings and live performances, he is supported by other musicians....
  • Harvest Rain
    Harvest Rain

    Harvest Rain is the musical project of Jason Thompkins. Born and raised in South Carolina, Jason Thompkins created Harvest Rain to capture the Autumnal phenomena of Southern history inside of Harvest Rain's music....
  • H.E.R.R.
    H.E.R.R.

    H.E.R.R. is a Dutch people / England band that was founded in 2002 by Michiel Spap? . Other core members are Miklos Hoffer and, from the second album onwards, Troy Southgate ....
  • In Gowan Ring
  • Lord Wind
    Lord Wind

    Lord Wind is a Poland music solo project founded in 1994 by Rob Darken. After releasing a demo on his own label and the debut on Full Moon Productions, Darken moved to No Colours Records where he is still signed....
  • Luftwaffe
    Luftwaffe (band)

    Luftwaffe is a martial music, neofolk and post-industrial music group from Chicago, USA....
  • Lux Interna
  • Mizar
  • Nature And Organisation


  • Nest
    Nest (band)

    Nest is a Finland neofolk / ambient music band. The band's inspiration comes from the old folk tales and animal tales, as well as from the works of J.R.R....
  • Neun Welten
    Neun Welten

    Neun Welten is a Germany primarily instrumental acoustic, traditional folk music and dark folk music group.Nature, forest, aspiration ? these words cross the mind, if you eavesdrop to the sound of Neun Welten ....
  • Neutral
    Neutral

    selfref|For Neutral Point of View on Wikipedia, see...
    Of The Wand & The Moon:
  • Ordo Rosarius Equilibrio
    Ordo Rosarius Equilibrio

    Ordo Rosarius Equilibrio is a neofolk and martial industrial music group from Stockholm.The band is composed of its founding member and vocalist Tomas Pettersson, and Rose-Marie Larsen, who replaced Chelsea Krook on backup vocals....
  • Orplid
    Orplid

    Orplid is the creative neofolk, Martial Industrial, post-industrial and experimental music works of Germany musicians Uwe Nolte and Frank Machau....
  • Rome
    Rome (band)

    Rome is an "apocalyptic martial folk" act founded in November 2005 as a main output for the songs of Jerome Reuter, Luxembourg. In early 2006 Rome was signed to Cold Meat Industry record label....
  • Sol Invictus
    Sol Invictus (band)

    Sol Invictus is an England neofolk and neo-classical music group fronted by Tony Wakeford. Beginning with electronic experimentation combined with folk-influenced guitar work, the sound of Sol Invictus has become considerably more neoclassical over the years and has had a large amount of influence on the development of neofolk music....
  • Sonne Hagal
    Sonne Hagal

    Sonne Hagal is a Germany experimental music and neofolk group....
  • Spiritual Front
    Spiritual Front

    Spiritual Front is a neofolk band from Rome. Its members describe their music as "nihilism suicide pop music", although elements of neoclassical and rock music are prevelant, along with a recurring experimental feel....
  • Sturmpercht
    Sturmpercht

    Sturmpercht is an Austrian experimental music, traditional folk music and neofolk group inspired partially by indigenous Pre-Christian Alpine traditions....


  • Tenhi
    Tenhi

    Tenhi is a Finland band formed in 1996, playing melancholy, neofolk music. The word tenhi is an old Finnish word meaning a village elder, wise old man or seer....
  • The Moon lay hidden beneath a Cloud
    The Moon lay hidden beneath a Cloud

    The Moon lay hidden beneath a Cloud was an Austrian musical duo composed of Albin Julius and Alzbeth. Their music reflected their deep fascination with myriad aspects of European Middle Ages including ritual, clerical chants and the daily experience of the peasantry....
  • Unto Ashes
    Unto Ashes

    Unto Ashes is a musical ensemble based in New York City that incorporates Madrigal , Folk music, and elements of New Age music and Dark Wave. Founded by Michael Laird and Susanna Melendez in 1997, the band has released five full-length CDs on the Projekt label ....
  • Von Thronstahl
    Von Thronstahl

    Von Thronstahl is a German Electronic music, Martial industrial and Neoclassicism band founded in 1995 in music by Josef Maria Klumb....
  • Waldteufel
  • Werkraum
    Werkraum

    Werkraum is the creative music works of Germany musician Axel Frank....
  • The Winding Stair
    The Winding Stair

    The Winding Stair is a musical group from Belfast, Northern Ireland which first played publicly in 2005. The band describe their music as folk noir....


Events

  • Flammenzauber
    Flammenzauber

    Flammenzauber is an annual festival held at the Wasserburg am Inn in Heldrungen, Germany. The festival showcases various musical artists within the neofolk, martial music and post-industrial music spectrums, as well as artists working within other media....
  • Menuo Juodaragis
    Menuo Juodaragis

    Menuo Juodaragis is an annual independent and non-profit Lithuanian music event that bills itself variously as a neofolk, experimental music and darkwave festival....


External links