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Natural gas field

 
Natural Gas Field

 
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Natural gas field
 
 
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Oil
Petroleum

Petroleum or crude oil is a naturally occurring, flammable liquid found in rock formations in the Earth consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights, plus other organic compounds....
 and natural gas
Natural gas

Natural gas is a gas consisting primarily of methane. It is found associated with fossil fuels, in coal beds, as methane clathrates, and is created by methanogenic organisms in marshes, bogs, and landfills....
 are produced by the same geological process: anaerobic
Anaerobic digestion

Anaerobic digestion is a series of processes in which microorganisms break down biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen. It is widely used to treat wastewater sludges and biodegradable waste because it provides volume and mass reduction of the input material....
 decay
Decay

Decay may refer to:*Decay , a comic book character*Decay , a french musicband*Bacterial decay, decomposition of organic matter*Radioactive decay...
 of organic matter deep under the Earth's surface. As a consequence, oil and natural gas are often found together. In common usage, deposits rich in oil are known as oil field
Oil field

An oil field is a region with an abundance of oil wells extracting petroleum from below ground. Because the oil reservoirs typically extend over a large area, possibly several hundred kilometres across, full exploitation entails multiple wells scattered across the area....
s, and deposits rich in natural gas are called natural gas fields.

In general, organic sediments buried in depths of 1,000 m to 6,000 m (at temperatures of 60 °C
Celsius

Celsius is a temperature scale that is named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius , who developed a similar temperature scale two years before his death....
 to 150 °C) generate oil, while sediments buried deeper and at higher temperatures generate natural gas.






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Encyclopedia


Oil
Petroleum

Petroleum or crude oil is a naturally occurring, flammable liquid found in rock formations in the Earth consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights, plus other organic compounds....
 and natural gas
Natural gas

Natural gas is a gas consisting primarily of methane. It is found associated with fossil fuels, in coal beds, as methane clathrates, and is created by methanogenic organisms in marshes, bogs, and landfills....
 are produced by the same geological process: anaerobic
Anaerobic digestion

Anaerobic digestion is a series of processes in which microorganisms break down biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen. It is widely used to treat wastewater sludges and biodegradable waste because it provides volume and mass reduction of the input material....
 decay
Decay

Decay may refer to:*Decay , a comic book character*Decay , a french musicband*Bacterial decay, decomposition of organic matter*Radioactive decay...
 of organic matter deep under the Earth's surface. As a consequence, oil and natural gas are often found together. In common usage, deposits rich in oil are known as oil field
Oil field

An oil field is a region with an abundance of oil wells extracting petroleum from below ground. Because the oil reservoirs typically extend over a large area, possibly several hundred kilometres across, full exploitation entails multiple wells scattered across the area....
s, and deposits rich in natural gas are called natural gas fields.

In general, organic sediments buried in depths of 1,000 m to 6,000 m (at temperatures of 60 °C
Celsius

Celsius is a temperature scale that is named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius , who developed a similar temperature scale two years before his death....
 to 150 °C) generate oil, while sediments buried deeper and at higher temperatures generate natural gas. The deeper the source, the "drier" the gas (that is, the smaller the proportion of condensate
Natural gas condensate

Natural gas condensate is a low-density mixture of hydrocarbon liquids that are present as gaseous components in the raw natural gas produced from many natural gas fields....
s in the gas). Because both oil and natural gas are lighter than water, they tend to rise from their sources until they either seep to the surface or are trapped by a non-permeable layer of rock. They can be extracted from the trap by drilling.

The largest natural gas field is South Pars/Asalouyeh
Asalouyeh

Asalouyeh also transcribed Assalouyeh and Assaluyeh, and sometimes prefixed by bandar, meaning port) is a town in southern Iran, in Bushehr Province....
 gas field, which is shared between Iran
Iran

Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran and formerly known internationally as Persian Empire until 1935, is a country in Central Eurasia, located on the northeastern shore of the Persian Gulf and the southern shore of the Caspian Sea....
 and Qatar
Qatar

Qatar , officially the State of Qatar , is an Arab emirate in Southwest Asia, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the larger Arabian Peninsula....
. The second largest natural gas field is located in Novy Urengoy
Novy Urengoy

Novy Urengoy is a types of inhabited localities in Russia in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia. Population: It is served by the Novy Urengoy Airport....
, Russia
Russia

Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
.

Offshore gas fields

Toisa Perseus&discoverer Enterprise
Like oil, natural gas is often found underwater in offshore gas fields such as the North Sea
North Sea oil

North Sea oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons, comprising liquid Petroleum and natural gas, produced from oil reservoirs beneath the North Sea. In the oil industry, the term "North Sea" often includes areas such as the Norwegian Sea and the UK "Atlantic Margin" that are not, strictly speaking, part of the North Sea....
, Corrib Gas Field
Corrib Gas Field

The Corrib gas project entails exploiting a natural gas deposit off the northwest coast of Ireland. The field is located about 80 km off Erris Head in County Mayo, in water depths of 355 metres....
 off Ireland
Ireland

Ireland is the List of islands by area in Europe, and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islet....
, and the Scotian Shelf
Sable Offshore Energy Project

The Sable Offshore Energy Project is a consortium based in the City of Halifax, Nova Scotia which is attempting to locate and produce natural gas found near Sable Island on the edge of the Nova Scotia continental shelf in eastern Canada....
 near Sable Island
Sable Island

Sable Island is a small Canada island situated 180 km southeast of mainland Nova Scotia in the Atlantic Ocean. As of 2008, the island is a year-round home to approximately five people ....
. The technology utilized to extract and transport offshore natural gas is different from land-based fields in that a few, very large rigs are usually used, due to the cost and logistical difficulties in working over water. Rising gas prices have encouraged drillers to revisit fields that, until now, were not considered economically viable. For example, McMoran Exploration has passed a drilling depth of over 32,000 feet (the deepest test well in the history of gas production) at the Blackbeard site in the Gulf of Mexico. Exxon Mobil's drill rig had reached 30,000 feet by 2006 without finding gas; Exxon Mobil abandoned the site.

See also


General

  • Caprock
    Caprock

    The Caprock is a region in the Texas Panhandle of Texas . It is the land to the west of the Caprock Escarpment, which separates it from plains stretching to the east at a much lower elevation....
  • Gazprom
    Gazprom

    OAO Gazprom is the largest extractor of natural gas in the world and the largest Economy of Russia.Total gas production in Russia in 2007 was 23.1 Trillion cubic feet, of which 85 percent was produced by Gazprom; with reserves of , it controls 16 percent of the List of countries by natural gas proven reserves ....
  • List of natural gas fields
    List of natural gas fields

    This list of natural gas fields includes major fields of the past and present.nota bene Some of the items listed are basins or projects that comprise many fields ....
  • Oil field
    Oil field

    An oil field is a region with an abundance of oil wells extracting petroleum from below ground. Because the oil reservoirs typically extend over a large area, possibly several hundred kilometres across, full exploitation entails multiple wells scattered across the area....
  • Stranded gas reserve
    Stranded gas reserve

    A stranded gas reserve is a natural gas field that has been discovered, but remains unusable for either physical or economic reasons. Gas that is found within oil wells is conventionally regarded as associated gas and has historically been gas flared....
  • Underground hydrogen storage
    Underground hydrogen storage

    Underground hydrogen storage is the practice of hydrogen storage in underground caverns, salt domes and depleted Oil field/gas fields. Large quantities of gaseous hydrogen are stored in underground caverns by Imperial Chemical Industries since many years without any difficulties....

Offshore aspects

  • North Sea Oil
    North Sea oil

    North Sea oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons, comprising liquid Petroleum and natural gas, produced from oil reservoirs beneath the North Sea. In the oil industry, the term "North Sea" often includes areas such as the Norwegian Sea and the UK "Atlantic Margin" that are not, strictly speaking, part of the North Sea....
  • Oil platform
    Oil platform

    An offshore platform, often referred to as an oil platform or oil rig, is a large structure used to house workers and machinery needed to drill wells in the ocean bed, extract Petroleum and/or natural gas, process the produced fluids, and ship them to shore....
  • Drillship
    Drillship

    A drillship is a maritime vessel that has been fitted with drilling apparatus. It is most often used for exploratory drilling of new oil or gas wells in deep water or for scientific drilling....


External links