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The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), known between 1901 and 1988 as the National Bureau of Standards (NBS), is a measurement standards laboratory
Measurement standards laboratory

A measurement standards laboratory is a laboratory of metrology which establishes standards for a country or organisation....
 which is a non-regulatory agency of the United States Department of Commerce
United States Department of Commerce

The United States Department of Commerce is the United States Cabinet department of the United States Federal government of the United States concerned with promoting economic growth....
. The institute's mission is to promote U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness by advancing measurement science
Metrology

Metrology is the science of measurement. Metrology includes all theoretical and practical aspects of measurement....
, standards, and technology
Technology

Technology is a broad concept that deals with an animal species' usage and knowledge of tools and crafts, and how it affects an animal species' ability to control and adapt to its Natural environment....
 in ways that enhance economic security and improve quality of life
Quality of life

Quality of life is the degree of well-being felt by an individual or group of people.Quality of life cannot be measured directly, however the perception of QOL is made up of of two components: the physical and the psychological....
.

NIST had an operating budget
Budget

Budget generally refers to a list of all planned expenses and revenues. It is a plan for saving and spending. A budget is an important concept in microeconomics, which uses a budget line to illustrate the trade-offs between two or more good ....
 for fiscal year 2007 (October 1, 2006-September 30, 2007) of about $843.3 million.






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The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), known between 1901 and 1988 as the National Bureau of Standards (NBS), is a measurement standards laboratory
Measurement standards laboratory

A measurement standards laboratory is a laboratory of metrology which establishes standards for a country or organisation....
 which is a non-regulatory agency of the United States Department of Commerce
United States Department of Commerce

The United States Department of Commerce is the United States Cabinet department of the United States Federal government of the United States concerned with promoting economic growth....
. The institute's mission is to promote U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness by advancing measurement science
Metrology

Metrology is the science of measurement. Metrology includes all theoretical and practical aspects of measurement....
, standards, and technology
Technology

Technology is a broad concept that deals with an animal species' usage and knowledge of tools and crafts, and how it affects an animal species' ability to control and adapt to its Natural environment....
 in ways that enhance economic security and improve quality of life
Quality of life

Quality of life is the degree of well-being felt by an individual or group of people.Quality of life cannot be measured directly, however the perception of QOL is made up of of two components: the physical and the psychological....
.

NIST had an operating budget
Budget

Budget generally refers to a list of all planned expenses and revenues. It is a plan for saving and spending. A budget is an important concept in microeconomics, which uses a budget line to illustrate the trade-offs between two or more good ....
 for fiscal year 2007 (October 1, 2006-September 30, 2007) of about $843.3 million. NIST employs about 2,900 scientists, engineers, technicians, and support and administrative personnel. About 1,800 NIST associates (guest researchers and engineers from American companies and foreign nations) complement the staff. In addition, NIST partners with 1,400 manufacturing specialists and staff at nearly 350 affiliated centers around the country.

Facilities

NIST's headquarters are in Gaithersburg, Maryland
Gaithersburg, Maryland

Gaithersburg is a city in Montgomery County, Maryland, Maryland. , the city had an estimated total population of 57,698, making it the fourth largest in the state behind Baltimore, Maryland, Frederick, Maryland, and Rockville, Maryland....
. It also has laboratories in Boulder, Colorado
Boulder, Colorado

Boulder is a Colorado municipalities#Home_Rule_Municipality that is the county seat and most populous city of Boulder County, Colorado, Colorado, in the United States....
. NIST has four major programs through which it helps U.S. industry
Industry

An industry is the manufacturing of a Good or Service within a category. Although industry is a broad term for any kind of economic production, in economics and urban planning industry is a synonym for the secondary sector, which is a type of economic activity involved in the manufacturing of raw materials into goods and products....
: the NIST Laboratories (physics, information technology, chemical science and technology, electronics and electrical engineering, materials science and engineering, manufacturing engineering, and building and fire research); the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership (HMEP), a nationwide network of centers to assist small manufacturers; the Advanced Technology Program
Advanced Technology Program

The NIST Advanced Technology Program is a United States Government program designed to simulate early stage advanced technology development that would otherwise not be fundable....
 (ATP), a grant program where NIST and industry partners cost share the early-stage development of innovative but high-risk technologies; and the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award
Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award

The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award is given by the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology. Through the actions of the National Productivity Advisory Committee chaired by Jack Grayson,, it was established by the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Improvement Act of 1987 - Public Law 100-107 and named for Howard...
 program, the nation's highest award for performance and business excellence.

NIST's Boulder laboratories are best known for NIST-F1
NIST-F1

NIST-F1 is a caesium fountain atomic clock that serves as the United States' primary time and frequency standard. As of the summer of 2005, it is so accurate that it will neither gain nor lose one second in more than 60 million years....
, one of the world's two most accurate atomic clock
Atomic clock

An atomic clock is a type of clock that uses an atomic resonance frequency standard as its timekeeping element. They are the most accurate time and frequency standards known, and are used as primary standards for international Time dissemination, and to control the frequency of television broadcasts and GPS satellite signals....
s. (The other is in Paris, France). NIST-F1 serves as the source of the nation's official time. From its precise measurement of the natural resonance frequency of cesium—which is used to define the second
Second

The second , sometimes abbreviated sec., is the name of a units of measurement of time, and is the International System of Units SI base unit of time....
 —NIST broadcasts time signal
Time signal

A time signal is a visible, audible, mechanical, or electronic signal used as a reference to determine the time of day....
s via longwave
Longwave

The longwave radio band is a range of frequencies used for AM broadcasting, which extends from 148.5 to 283.5 kHz. It falls within the low frequency part of the radio spectrum ....
 radio station WWVB
WWVB

WWVB is a NIST time signal radio station near Fort Collins, Colorado, co-located with WWV . WWVB is the station that radio clock throughout North America use to synchronize themselves....
 at Fort Collins, Colorado
Fort Collins, Colorado

Fort Collins is a Colorado municipalities#Home_Rule_Municipality situated on the Cache La Poudre River along the Colorado Front Range, and is the county seat and most populous city of Larimer County, Colorado, Colorado, United States....
, and shortwave
Shortwave

Shortwave radio operates in the frequency range of 3,000 kHz to 30,000 kHz . In radio, short wavelength corresponds to high frequency given the inverse relationship between frequency and wavelength, thus, ?shortwave radio? is denominated so, because its wavelengths are shorter than the long wave-lengths used in early radio communications; m...
 radio station
Radio station

This article is about radio broadcasting, for other uses see Radio .Radio broadcasting is an audio broadcasting service, traditionally broadcast through the air as radio waves from a transmitter to an antenna and a thus to a receiving device....
s WWV and WWVH
WWVH

WWVH is the callsign of the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology's shortwave radio time signal station in Kekaha, Hawaii, on the island of Kauai in the state of Hawaii....
, located at Fort Collins, Colorado
Fort Collins, Colorado

Fort Collins is a Colorado municipalities#Home_Rule_Municipality situated on the Cache La Poudre River along the Colorado Front Range, and is the county seat and most populous city of Larimer County, Colorado, Colorado, United States....
 and Kekaha, Hawaii
Kekaha, Hawaii

Kekaha is a census-designated place in Kauai County, Hawaii, Hawaii, United States. The population was 3,175 at the 2000 United States Census....
, respectively.

NIST manages some of the world’s most specialized measurement facilities—including a cost effective NIST Center for Neutron Research (NCNR) user facility where cutting edge research is done on new and improved materials, advanced fuel cells, and biotechnology. The SURF III Synchrotron Ultraviolet Radiation Facility is the world's senior dedicated source of synchrotron radiation
Synchrotron radiation

Synchrotron radiation is electromagnetic radiation, similar to cyclotron radiation, but generated by the acceleration of Ultrarelativistic limit charged particles through magnetic fields....
, in continuous operation since 1961. SURF III now serves as the US primary national standard for source-based radiometry throughout the generalized optical spectrum: from infrared through extreme ultraviolet.

NIST's Advanced Measurement Laboratory (AML) is among the most technically advanced research facilities of its kind in the world. The AML offers American researchers opportunities to make the most sensitive and reliable measurements. This is important as new technologies become more complex and smaller.

Based in the AML is the Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology (CNST). The CNST's prime objective is to lay the technical groundwork necessary to translate nanotechnology’s many anticipated offerings into practical realities—manufacturable, market-ready products. To accomplish this goal, the center leverages and combines the diverse knowledge and capabilities of NIST, industry, academia, and other government agencies to support all phases of nanotechnology development. The CNST features a Nanofabrication (Nanofab) Facility. CNST's “clean room” is equipped with an array of state-of-the-art tools for making, testing, and characterizing prototype nanoscale devices and materials. These instruments will be available to collaborators and outside users through a proposal process.

Measurements and standards

As part of its mission, NIST supplies industry, academia, government and other users with over 1,300 (SRMs) of the highest quality and metrological value. These artifacts are certified as having specific characteristics or component content, making them valuable as calibration standards for measuring equipment and procedures, quality control benchmarks for industrial processes, and experimental control samples for all kinds of laboratories. For example, NIST SRMs for the food manufacturing sector include:

  • Typical diet
    Meal

    A meal is an instance of eating, specifically one that takes place at a specific time and includes specific, prepared food.Meals occur primarily at homes, restaurants, and cafeterias, but may occur anywhere....
     (SRM 1548a, $624)
  • Non-fat milk powder
    Powdered milk

    Powdered milk is a manufactured dairy product made by evaporating milk to Drying . One purpose of drying milk is to preserve it; milk powder has a far longer shelf life than liquid milk and does not need to be refrigeration, due to its low moisture content....
     (SRM 1549, $318, 100 g)
  • Oyster
    Oyster

    The common name oyster is used for a number of different groups of bivalve mollusks, most of which live in marine habitats or brackish water....
     tissue (SRM 1566b, $540, 25 g)
  • Wheat
    Wheat

    Wheat , is a worldwide cultivated Poaceae from the Levant region of the Middle East. Globally, after maize, wheat is the second most-produced food among the cereal just above rice....
     flour
    Flour

    Flour is a powder made of cereal grains. It is the main ingredient of bread, which is a staple food for many civilizations, making the availability of adequate supplies of flour a major economic and political issue at various times throughout history....
     (SRM 1567a, $418, 80 g)
  • Rice
    Rice

    Rice is a staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in tropical Latin America, and East Asia, South Asia and Southeast Asia, making it the second-most consumed cereal grain, after maize....
     flour (SRM 1568a, $390, 80 g)
  • Bovine
    Cattle

    Cattle, colloquially referred to as cows, are domestication ungulates, a member of the subfamily Bovinae of the family Bovidae. They are raised as livestock for meat , dairy products , leather and as draft animals ....
     liver
    Liver

    The liver is a vital organ present in vertebrates and some other animals; it has a wide range of functions, a few of which are detoxification, protein synthesis, and production of biochemicals necessary for digestion....
     (SRM 1577b, $261, 50 g)
  • Tomato
    Tomato

    The Tomato is an herbaceous, usually sprawling plant in the Solanaceae or nightshade family, as are its close cousins Nicotiana, potatoes, aubergine , chilli peppers, and the poisonous Atropa belladonna....
     leaves
    Leaf

    In botany, a leaf is an above-ground plant Organ specialized for photosynthesis. For this purpose, a leaf is typically flat and thin, to expose the cells containing chloroplast to light over a broad area, and to allow light to penetrate fully into the tissues....
     (SRM 1573A, $332, 50 g)
  • Natural water
    Water

    Water is a common chemical substance that is essential for the survival of all known forms of life. In typical usage, water refers only to its liquid form or States of matter, but the substance also has a solid state, ice, and a gaseous state, water vapor or steam....
     (SRM 1640, $198, 250 mL)
  • Peanut butter
    Peanut butter

    Peanut butter is a food paste made primarily from ground roasted peanuts, with or without added oil. It is popular throughout the world and is also manufactured in some emerging markets....
     (SRM 2387, $501, three 6 oz (170 g) jars)


Committees


NIST has 7 standing committees:
  • Technical Guidelines Development Committee
    Technical Guidelines Development Committee

    The Technical Guidelines Development Committee of the National Institute of Standards and Technology supports the Election Assistance Commission in the United States by providing recommendations on voluntary standards and guidelines related to Electronic voting equipment and technologies....
     (TGDC)
  • Advisory Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction
    Advisory Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction

    The 2004 reauthorization of National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program directed that the Director of the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology establish the Advisory Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction to assess:...
     (ACEHR)
  • National Construction Safety Team Advisory Committee (NCST Advisory Committee)
  • Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board (ISPAB)
  • Visiting Committee on Advanced Technology (VCAT)
  • Baldrige National Quality Program Board of Overseers (BNQP Board of Overseers)
  • Manufacturing Extension Partnership National Advisory Board (MEPNAB)


Homeland security

NIST is currently developing government-wide identification card
Identity document

An identity document is any documentation which may be used to verify aspects of a person's . If issued in the form of a small, mostly standard-sized card, it is usually called an identity card ....
 standards for federal employees and contractors to prevent unauthorized persons from gaining access to government buildings and computer systems.

Collapse of the World Trade Center

In 2002 the National Construction Safety Team Act mandated NIST to conduct an investigation into the collapse of the World Trade Center
World trade center

The World Trade Centers Association founded in 1970, is a not-for-profit, non-political association dedicated to the establishment and effective operation of World Trade Centers as instruments for trade expansion representing 316 members in 91 countries....
, as well as the 47-story 7 World Trade Center
7 World Trade Center

7 World Trade Center is a building in New York City located across from the World Trade Center site in Lower Manhattan. The name "7 World Trade Center" has referred to two buildings: the original structure, completed in 1987, and the current structure....
. The investigation covered three aspects, including a technical building and fire safety
Fire safety

Fire safety refers to precautions that are taken to prevent or reduce the likelihood of a fire that may result in death, injury, or property damage, alert those in a structure to the presence of a fire in the event one occurs, better enable those threatened by a fire to survive, or to reduce the damage caused by a fire....
 investigation to study the factors contributing to the probable cause of the collapses of the WTC Towers (WTC 1 and 2) and WTC 7. NIST also established a research and development program to provide the technical basis for improved building and fire codes, standards, and practices, and a dissemination and technical assistance program to engage leaders of the construction and building community in implementing proposed changes to practices, standards and codes. NIST also is providing practical guidance and tools to better prepare facility owners, contractors, architects, engineers, emergency responders, and regulatory authorities to respond to future disasters. The investigation portion of the response plan was completed with the release of the final report on 7 World Trade Center
7 World Trade Center

7 World Trade Center is a building in New York City located across from the World Trade Center site in Lower Manhattan. The name "7 World Trade Center" has referred to two buildings: the original structure, completed in 1987, and the current structure....
 on November 20, 2008. The final report on the WTC Towers – including 30 recommendations for improving building and occupant safety – was released on October 26, 2005.

Election technology

NIST works in conjunction with the Technical Guidelines Development Committee
Technical Guidelines Development Committee

The Technical Guidelines Development Committee of the National Institute of Standards and Technology supports the Election Assistance Commission in the United States by providing recommendations on voluntary standards and guidelines related to Electronic voting equipment and technologies....
 of the Election Assistance Commission
Election Assistance Commission

The Election Assistance Commission is an Independent agencies of the United States government created by the Help America Vote Act of 2002 . The Commission is charged with serving as a national resource for administering Federal elections and establishing standards for State and local governments....
 to develop the Voluntary Voting System Guidelines
Voluntary Voting System Guidelines

The Voluntary Voting System Guidelines are guidelines adopted by the United States Election Assistance Commission for the certification of voting systems....
 for voting machine
Voting machine

Voting machines are the total combination of mechanical, electromechanical, or electronic equipment , that is used to define ballots; to cast and count votes; to report or display election results; and to maintain and produce any audit trail information....
s and other election technology.

People

Three researchers at NIST have been awarded Nobel Prize
Nobel Prize

The Nobel Prize , established in the 1895 will of Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel; it was first awarded in Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize in Literature, and Nobel Peace Prize in 1901....
s for their work in physics, William D. Phillips in 1997, Eric A. Cornell in 2001 and John L. Hall
John L. Hall

John Lewis ?Jan? Hall is an American physicist, and Nobel laureate in physics. He shared one half of the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physics with Theodor W....
 in 2005. Other notable people who have worked at NIST include

  • Milton Abramowitz
    Milton Abramowitz

    Milton Abramowitz was a mathematics at the NIST who, with Irene Stegun, edited a classic book of mathematical tables called Handbook of Mathematical Functions, widely known as Abramowitz and Stegun....
  • James S. Albus
    James S. Albus

    Dr. James Sacra Albus is a Senior NIST Fellow, Founder and former Chief of the Intelligent Systems Division of the Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology ....
  • Ferdinand Brickwedde
    Ferdinand Brickwedde

    Ferdinand Graft Brickwedde , a physicist at the National Bureau of Standards , in 1931 produced the first sample of hydrogen in which the spectrum of its heavy isotope, deuterium, could be observed....
  • Lyman James Briggs
    Lyman James Briggs

    Lyman James Briggs was an United States engineer, physicist and administrator. He was a distinguished director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology during the Great Depression and chairman of the Uranium Committee before America entered the Second World War....
  • John W. Cahn
    John W. Cahn

    John Cahn is an American Scientist and winner of the National Medal of Science in 1998. Since 1977, he has held a position at the National Institute of Standards and Technology....
  • William Coblentz
    William Coblentz

    William Weber Coblentz was an United States physicist notable for his contributions to infrared radiometry and spectroscopy....
  • Keith Codling
  • Ronald Colle
    Ronald Collé

    Ronald Coll? is a specialist in nuclear and radiochemistry, radionuclidic metrology, and the development of standards. He has worked at the National Institute of Standards and Technology from 1976 to 2003 and from 2005 to present, and currently serves as a Research Chemist in the Radioactivity Group of the NIST Physics Laboratory ....
  • Philip J. Davis
    Philip J. Davis

    For other persons named Philip Davis, see Philip Davis .Philip J. Davis is an United States Applied Mathematics. He was born in Lawrence, Massachusetts....
  • Hugh L. Dryden
  • Ugo Fano
    Ugo Fano

    Ugo Fano was an italyUSA physicist, a leader in theoretical physics in the 20th century....
  • Charlotte Froese Fischer
    Charlotte Froese Fischer

    Acad. Prof. Dr. Charlotte Froese Fischer PhD is a Canadian-American applied mathematician and computer scientist who gained world recognition for the development and implementation of the Multi-configurational Hartree-Fock approach to atomic structure calculations and for her theoretical prediction concerning the existence of the negative...
  • Douglas Hartree
    Douglas Hartree

    Douglas Rayner Hartree PhD, Fellow of the Royal Society was an England mathematician and physicist most famous for the development of numerical analysis and its application to atomic physics....
  • Magnus Hestenes
    Magnus Hestenes

    Magnus Rudolph Hestenes was an American mathematician. Together with Cornelius Lanczos and Eduard Stiefel, he invented the conjugate gradient method....
  • Cornelius Lanczos
    Cornelius Lanczos

    Cornelius Lanczos , born L?wy Korn?l , was a Hungary mathematician and physicist.Lanczos' Ph.D. thesis was on relativity theory. In 1924 he discovered an exact solutions in general relativity of the Einstein field equation which represents a cylindrically symmetric rigidly rotating configuration of fluid solution particles....
  • Theodore Madey
  • Wilfrid Mann
    Wilfrid Basil Mann

    Wilfrid Basil Mann was a radionuclide metrologist.He was born in Ealing, Middlesex in the United Kingdom on August 4, 1908, he received his Doctorate in Physics from Imperial College of Science and Technology in London in 1937....
  • William Meggers
    William Frederick Meggers

    William Frederick Meggers was an American physicist specialising in spectroscopy.Born in Wisconsin, he had to combine his early schooling with working on the family farm, but earned a scholarship to Ripon College , receiving a bachelor's degree in Physics in 1910 and working as a research assistant....
  • James G. Nell
    James G. Nell

    File:James G. Nell portret.jpgJames G. Nell is an United States engineer, who was the principal investigator of the Manufacturing Enterprise Integration at the National Institute of Standards and Technology , known for his work on Enterprise integration....
  • Frank W. J. Olver
  • Ward Plummer
    Ward Plummer

    E. Ward Plummer is an United States physicist. His main contributions are in surface physics of metals.E. Ward Plummer is a Distinguished Professor of Physics at the University of Tennessee....
  • Jacob Rabinow
    Jacob Rabinow

    Jacob Rabinow was an engineer who led a truly prolific career as an inventor. He earned a total of 230 U.S. patents on a variety of mechanical, optical and electrical devices....
  • Charlotte Moore Sitterly
    Charlotte Moore Sitterly

    Charlotte Emma Moore Sitterly was an United States astronomer.Charlotte Moore was born in Ercildoun, Pennsylvania. She graduated from Swarthmore College in 1920 and went on to Princeton University to assist Henry Norris Russell....
  • Irene Stegun
    Irene Stegun

    Irene Anne Stegun was a mathematics at the NIST who, with Milton Abramowitz, edited a classic book of mathematical tables called A Handbook of Mathematical Functions, widely known as Abramowitz and Stegun....
  • Bill Stone


Directors

The director of NIST is a Presidential appointment and confirmed by the United States Senate
United States Senate

The United States Senate is the upper house of the Bicameralism United States Congress, the lower house being the United States House of Representatives....
. Thirteen persons have held the position (in addition to three acting directors who served temporarily). They are:

  • Samuel W. Stratton
    Samuel Wesley Stratton

    Samuel Wesley Stratton was a United States of America Administrator of the Government and educator. In March 1901, President William McKinley appointed him as the first Supervisor of the National Institute of Standards and Technology....
    , 1901-1922
  • George K. Burgess
    George Kimball Burgess

    George Kimball Burgess was an United States physicist, born at Newton, Massachusetts....
    , 1923-1932
  • Lyman J. Briggs
    Lyman James Briggs

    Lyman James Briggs was an United States engineer, physicist and administrator. He was a distinguished director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology during the Great Depression and chairman of the Uranium Committee before America entered the Second World War....
    , 1932-1945
  • Edward U. Condon
    Edward Condon

    Edward Uhler Condon was a distinguished United States nuclear physicist, a pioneer in quantum mechanics, a participant in the development of radar and nuclear weapons in World War II, research director of Corning Glass, director of the National Bureau of Standards, and president of the American Physical Society ....
    , 1945-1951
  • Allen V. Astin, 1951-1969
  • Lewis M. Branscomb
    Lewis M. Branscomb

    Lewis M. Branscomb , is an United States physicist. He received his PhD from Harvard in 1949. He is the Professor emeritus of Public Policy and Corporate Management, in the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government....
    , 1969-1972
  • Richard W. Roberts, 1973-1975
  • Ernest Ambler, 1975-1989
  • John W. Lyons, 1990-1993
  • Arati Prabhakar, 1993-1997
  • Raymond G. Kammer, 1997-2000
  • Karen Brown (acting director), 2000-2001
  • Arden L. Bement Jr.
    Arden L. Bement Jr.

    Dr. Arden L. Bement, Jr. is an United States engineer and scientist, and is currently Director of the National Science Foundation and serves as an ex officio member of the National Science Board....
    , 2001-2004
  • Hratch Semerjian (acting director), 2004-2005
  • William Jeffrey, 2005-2007
  • James Turner (acting director), 2007-2008


See also

  • Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD)
    Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD)

    ICSD is a database of inorganic crystal structure data. It was founded in 1978 by G.Bergerhoff and I.D.Brown . It is now produced by the Fachinformationszentrum Karlsruhe in Europe and the U.S....
  • International System of Units
    International System of Units

    The International System of Units is the modern form of the metric system and is generally a system devised around the convenience of the number ten....
    , see International Bureau of Weights and Measures
    International Bureau of Weights and Measures

    File:Metric seal.svgThe International Bureau of Weights and Measures , is an international standards organization, one of three such organizations established to maintain the International System of Units under the terms of the Metre Convention ....
  • ISO 17025
  • Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
    Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology

    Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology is the journal of National Institute of Standards and Technology. Theodore Vorburger is the Chief Editor....
  • National Software Reference Library
    National Software Reference Library

    The National Software Reference Library , a project of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, is supported by the United States Department of Justice's National Institute of Justice, federal, state, and local law enforcement, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology to promote efficient and effective use of compute...


External links

  • NSB History and WW1 testing methods -- Uncle Sam Goes A-Shopping: But he carefully tests everything he buys, Popular Science
    Popular science

    Popular science, sometimes called literature of science, is interpretation of science intended for a general audience. While science journalism focuses on recent scientific developments, popular science is broad-ranging, often written by scientists as well as journalists, and is presented in many formats, which can include books, televi...
     monthly, December 1918, page 42-45, Scanned by Google Books: http://books.google.com/books?id=EikDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA42 Category:Articles with citations to Popular Science archive Category:Articles with verifiable citations via Google Books


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