Münsterlingen
Encyclopedia
Münsterlingen is a municipality
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...

 in the district of Kreuzlingen
Kreuzlingen (district)
Kreuzlingen District is one of the five districts of the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland. It has a population of . Its capital is the city of Kreuzlingen.The district contains the following municipalities:...

 in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...

 of Thurgau
Thurgau
Thurgau is a northeast canton of Switzerland. The population, , is . In 2007, there were a total of 47,390 who were resident foreigners. The capital is Frauenfeld.-History:...

 in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....

.

History

In 1994 the municipality was created from Landschlacht and Scherzingen. Münsterlingen is first mentioned in 1125 as Munsterlin. Scherzingen is first mentioned in 1150 as Scherzingen and Landschlacht is first mentioned in 817 as Lanchasalachi.

Neolithic
Neolithic
The Neolithic Age, Era, or Period, or New Stone Age, was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 9500 BC in some parts of the Middle East, and later in other parts of the world. It is traditionally considered as the last part of the Stone Age...

 and Bronze Age
Bronze Age
The Bronze Age is a period characterized by the use of copper and its alloy bronze as the chief hard materials in the manufacture of some implements and weapons. Chronologically, it stands between the Stone Age and Iron Age...

 stilt house
Stilt house
Stilt houses or pile dwellings or palafitte are houses raised on piles over the surface of the soil or a body of water. Stilt houses are built primarily as a protection against flooding, but also serve to keep out vermin...

s were discovered in Scherzingen along with numerous neolithic artifacts in Landschlacht.

During the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...

 Scherzingen was owned by the Bishop of Constance and, until 1798, was part of the bailiwick
Bailiwick
A bailiwick is usually the area of jurisdiction of a bailiff, and may also apply to a territory in which the sheriff's functions were exercised by a privately appointed bailiff under a royal or imperial writ. The word is now more generally used in a metaphorical sense, to indicate a sphere of...

 of Eggen. In 1280, the monastery of Münsterlingen acquired the right to tithe
Tithe
A tithe is a one-tenth part of something, paid as a contribution to a religious organization or compulsory tax to government. Today, tithes are normally voluntary and paid in cash, cheques, or stocks, whereas historically tithes were required and paid in kind, such as agricultural products...

s in Scherzingen, from Constance. The parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...

 of Münsterlingen, which included Scherzingen, Bottighofen, Rickenbach (until 1709) and Oberhofen (after 1712), had a long association with the monastery but converted quickly to the Reformation
Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation was a 16th-century split within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led...

.

Landschlacht was also owned by the Bishop of Constance, but during the High Middle Ages
High Middle Ages
The High Middle Ages was the period of European history around the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries . The High Middle Ages were preceded by the Early Middle Ages and followed by the Late Middle Ages, which by convention end around 1500....

, the bailiff
Bailiff
A bailiff is a governor or custodian ; a legal officer to whom some degree of authority, care or jurisdiction is committed...

 was the Baron of Güttingen. In 1413 a half share of the low court
High, middle and low justice
High, middle and low justices are notions dating from Western feudalism to indicate descending degrees of judiciary power to administer justice by the maximal punishment the holders could inflict upon their subjects and other dependents....

 was sold to Hans Duerrmüller and ten secondary investors from Landschlacht. The other half went to Petershausen monastery in 1452 and in 1486 to Münsterlingen Abbey. In 1621 the eleven investors families sold their share of the court to Münsterlingen, where it remained until 1798. Landschlacht was always part of the parish of Altnau
Altnau
Altnau is a municipality in the district of Kreuzlingen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.-History:Near the hamlet of Ruderbaum, the remains of a Horgen culture settlement have been discovered. Below the Horgen site, there may be also be Pfyn culture site, but that is less certain.The modern...

. The chapel of St. Leonhard was built before 1000 and is decorated with Gothic
Gothic art
Gothic art was a Medieval art movement that developed in France out of Romanesque art in the mid-12th century, led by the concurrent development of Gothic architecture. It spread to all of Western Europe, but took over art more completely north of the Alps, never quite effacing more classical...

 fresco
Fresco
Fresco is any of several related mural painting types, executed on plaster on walls or ceilings. The word fresco comes from the Greek word affresca which derives from the Latin word for "fresh". Frescoes first developed in the ancient world and continued to be popular through the Renaissance...

es.

Geography

Münsterlingen has an area, , of 5.42 square kilometres (2.1 sq mi). Of this area, 3.09 km² (1.2 sq mi) or 57.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while 1.09 km² (0.420851352865863 sq mi) or 20.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 1.18 km² (0.455600547139191 sq mi) or 21.8% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.02 km² (4.9 acre) or 0.4% is either rivers or lakes and 0.02 km² (4.9 acre) or 0.4% is unproductive land.

Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 12.5% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 1.3% and transportation infrastructure made up 0.9%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 3.0% of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 4.1%. Out of the forested land, 18.3% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.8% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 45.8% is used for growing crops, while 11.3% is used for orchards or vine crops. Of the water in the municipality, 0.2% is in lakes and 0.2% is in rivers and streams.

The municipality is located in the Kreuzlingen district, south-east of Kreuzlingen
Kreuzlingen
Kreuzlingen is a municipality in the district of Kreuzlingen in the canton of Thurgau in north-eastern Switzerland. It is the seat of the district and is the second largest city of the canton, after Frauenfeld, with a population of over 18,000...

 and is part of the Kreuzlingen and Constance
Constance
Constance is a female given name that derives from Latin and means "constant." Variations of the name include Connie, Constancia, Constanze, Constanza, Stanzy, and Konstanze.Constance may refer to:-People:*Constance Bennett , American actress...

 agglomeration
Agglomeration
In the study of human settlements, an urban agglomeration is an extended city or town area comprising the built-up area of a central place and any suburbs linked by continuous urban area. In France, INSEE the French Statistical Institute, translate it as "Unité urbaine" which means continuous...

. It consists of the former Ortsgemeinden
Bürgergemeinde
The Bürgergemeinde is a statutory corporation in public law in Switzerland...

of Scherzingen and Landschlacht and the former monastery of Münsterlingen.

Demographics

Münsterlingen has a population of , 33.4% of the population are foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 12.2%. Most of the population speaks German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....

(88.6%), with Serbo-Croatian
Serbo-Croatian language
Serbo-Croatian or Serbo-Croat, less commonly Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian , is a South Slavic language with multiple standards and the primary language of Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro...

 being second most common ( 3.2%) and Albanian
Albanian language
Albanian is an Indo-European language spoken by approximately 7.6 million people, primarily in Albania and Kosovo but also in other areas of the Balkans in which there is an Albanian population, including western Macedonia, southern Montenegro, southern Serbia and northwestern Greece...

 being third ( 2.6%).

, the gender distribution of the population was 50.2% male and 49.8% female. The population was made up of 857 Swiss men (32.4% of the population), and 474 (17.9%) non-Swiss men. There were 906 Swiss women (34.2%), and 412 (15.6%) non-Swiss women.

In there were 10 live births to Swiss citizens and 6 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 9 deaths of Swiss citizens and 4 non-Swiss citizen deaths. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 1 while the foreign population increased by 2. There was 1 Swiss man, 48 non-Swiss men who emigrated from Switzerland to another country and 40 non-Swiss women who emigrated from Switzerland to another country. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources) was an increase of 1 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 87 people. This represents a population growth rate of 3.4%.

The age distribution, , in Münsterlingen is; 271 children or 9.8% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 312 teenagers or 11.3% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 347 people or 12.5% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 351 people or 12.7% are between 30 and 39, 515 people or 18.6% are between 40 and 49, and 403 people or 14.6% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 295 people or 10.7% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 185 people or 6.7% are between 70 and 79, there are 80 people or 2.9% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 9 people or 0.3% who are 90 and older.

the average number of residents per living room was 0.59 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.56 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 42.7% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...

 or a rent-to-own agreement).

, there were 1,000 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.4 persons per household. there were 384 single family homes (or 77.7% of the total) out of a total of 494 inhabited buildings. There were 32 two family buildings (6.5%), 10 three family buildings (2.0%) and 68 multi-family buildings (or 13.8%). There were 511 (or 19.7%) persons who were part of a couple without children, and 1,305 (or 50.2%) who were part of a couple with children. There were 151 (or 5.8%) people who lived in single parent home, while there are 12 persons who were adult children living with one or both parents, 3 persons who lived in a household made up of relatives, 21 who lived in a household made up of unrelated persons, and 247 who are either institutionalized or live in another type of collective housing.

The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 4.59%. , the construction rate of new housing units was 16.8 new units per 1000 residents. there were 1,315 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 1 room apartment of which there were 271. There were 271 single room apartments and 161 apartments with six or more rooms. the average price to rent an average apartment in Münsterlingen was 978.95 Swiss franc
Swiss franc
The franc is the currency and legal tender of Switzerland and Liechtenstein; it is also legal tender in the Italian exclave Campione d'Italia. Although not formally legal tender in the German exclave Büsingen , it is in wide daily use there...

s (CHF) per month (US$780, £440, €630 approx. exchange rate from 2000). The average rate for a one room apartment was 388.90 CHF (US$310, £180, €250), a two room apartment was about 791.40 CHF (US$630, £360, €510), a three room apartment was about 877.01 CHF (US$700, £390, €560) and a six or more room apartment cost an average of 1548.85 CHF (US$1240, £700, €990). The average apartment price in Münsterlingen was 87.7% of the national average of 1116 CHF.

In the 2007 federal election
Swiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...

 the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...

 which received 35.88% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the Green Party
Green Party of Switzerland
The Green Party of Switzerland is the fifth-largest party in the National Council of Switzerland, and the largest party that is not represented on the Federal Council.-History:...

 (17.86%), the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....

 (12.76%) and the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...

 (12.74%). In the federal election, a total of 713 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...

 was 49.7%.

The historical population is given in the following table:
Year Population
Scherzingen
Ortsgemeinde only
Population
Landschlacht
1850 285 -
1900 705 473
1950 1,228 585
1990 1,470 1,026
Year Population, Münsterlingen
2000 2,599

Heritage sites of national significance

The former Benedictine
Order of Saint Benedict
The Order of Saint Benedict is a Roman Catholic religious order of independent monastic communities that observe the Rule of St. Benedict. Within the order, each individual community maintains its own autonomy, while the organization as a whole exists to represent their mutual interests...

 Monastery and the Chapel of St. Leonhard are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance
Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance is a register of some 8,300 items of cultural property in Switzerland...

. The entire village of Münsterlingen is part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
The Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites is part of a 1981 Ordinance of the Swiss Federal Council implementing the Federal Law on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage.-Sites of national importance:-Types:...

.

Economy

, Münsterlingen had an unemployment rate of 2.35%. , there were 45 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 14 businesses involved in this sector. 16 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 9 businesses in this sector. 1,936 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 63 businesses in this sector.

there were 1,729 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 781 or about 45.2% of the residents worked outside Münsterlingen while 1,495 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 2,443 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 8.6% used public transportation to get to work, and 48.3% used a private car.

Religion

From the , 877 or 33.7% were Roman Catholic, while 1,014 or 39.0% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church
Swiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...

. Of the rest of the population, there was 1 Old Catholic who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland
Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland
The Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland is the Swiss member church of the Union of Utrecht, also known as Old Catholic Church, originally founded by the jansenists, with a later influx of discontented Catholics following their disappointment with the First Vatican Council. It has 14,000...

  there are 109 individuals (or about 4.19% of the population) who belong to the Orthodox Church, and there are 66 individuals (or about 2.54% of the population) who belong to another Christian church. There were 154 (or about 5.93% of the population) who are Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and .   : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...

ic. There are 21 individuals (or about 0.81% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), 229 (or about 8.81% of the population) belong to no church, are agnostic
Agnosticism
Agnosticism is the view that the truth value of certain claims—especially claims about the existence or non-existence of any deity, but also other religious and metaphysical claims—is unknown or unknowable....

 or atheist
Atheism
Atheism is, in a broad sense, the rejection of belief in the existence of deities. In a narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there are no deities...

, and 128 individuals (or about 4.92% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education

In Münsterlingen about 68.9% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule
Fachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...

).

Münsterlingen is home to the Münsterlingen primary school district. In the 2008/2009 school year there were 219 students. There were 42 children in the kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...

, and the average class size was 14 kindergartners. Of the children in kindergarten, 21 or 50.0% were female, 12 or 28.6% were not Swiss citizens and 13 or 31.0% did not speak German natively. The lower and upper primary levels begin at about age 5-6 and last for 6 years. There were 91 children in who were at the lower primary level and 86 children in the upper primary level. The average class size in the primary school was 22.13 students. At the lower primary level, there were 44 children or 48.4% of the total population who were female, 27 or 29.7% were not Swiss citizens and 25 or 27.5% did not speak German natively. In the upper primary level, there were 35 or 40.7% who were female, 21 or 24.4% were not Swiss citizens and 17 or 19.8% did not speak German natively.
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