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Mykolaiv , also known as Nikolayev , is a major city
City

A city is an urban area with a high population density and a particular administrative, legal, or historical status.Large industrialized cities generally have advanced systems for sanitation, utilities, land usage, house, and transportation and more....
 in southern Ukraine
Ukraine

Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east; Belarus to the north; Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south....
.

Geographical position
The city is located 65 kilometers from the Black Sea
Black Sea

The Black Sea is an inland sea sea bounded by southeastern Europe, the Caucasus and the Anatolia and is ultimately connected to the Atlantic Ocean via the Mediterranean Sea and Aegean Seas and various straits....
 along the estuary
Estuary

An estuary is a semi-enclosed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea....
 of the Southern Buh river (where it meets the Inhul
Inhul

Inhul is a tributary of the Southern Buh river of Ukraine. It rises North of Kirovohrad, flowing South into the Southern Bug at Mykolayiv. The Southern Bug empties into the Black Sea, not far from Mykolayiv....
 River) at around .

Administrative status
Mykolaiv is the administrative center
Capital City

Capital City was a television show produced by Euston Films which focused on the lives of investment bankers in London living and working on the corporate trading floor for the fictional international bank Shane-Longman....
 of the Mykolaiv Oblast
Mykolaiv Oblast

Mykolaiv Oblast is an administrative divisions of Ukraine of Ukraine. The capital city of the oblast is the city of Mykolayiv....
 (province
Oblast

Oblast is a type of administrative division in Slavic peoples countries and in some countries of the former Soviet Union. The word "oblast" is a loanword in English, but it is nevertheless often translated as "area", "zone", "province", or "region"....
), as well as that of both the Mykolaivsky and Zhovtnevy raion
Raion

A raion is a type of administrative unit of some post-Soviet states. The term, which is of French origin, describes both a type of a subnational entity and a division of a city, and is almost always translated as "district"....
s (districts) within the oblast.






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Encyclopedia


Mykolaiv , also known as Nikolayev , is a major city
City

A city is an urban area with a high population density and a particular administrative, legal, or historical status.Large industrialized cities generally have advanced systems for sanitation, utilities, land usage, house, and transportation and more....
 in southern Ukraine
Ukraine

Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east; Belarus to the north; Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south....
.

Name of city


There are several variations of the city's name. In Ukrainian
Ukrainian language

Ukrainian is a language of the East Slavic languages of the Slavic languages. It is the official language of Ukraine. In some areas of Russia there are dialects, Balachka or Surzhyk, which are the Ukrainianized versions of the Russian language....
, the city is named ??????´??, for which the transliteration
Transliteration

Transliteration is the practice of transcribing a word or text written in one writing system into another writing system or system of rules for such practice....
 is Mykolaiv, or, more rarely, Mykolayiv. The Russian
Russian language

Russian is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia, the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages, and the largest native language in Europe....
 name is ??????´??, which transliterates as Nikolaev or Nikolayev.

Geographical position


The city is located 65 kilometers from the Black Sea
Black Sea

The Black Sea is an inland sea sea bounded by southeastern Europe, the Caucasus and the Anatolia and is ultimately connected to the Atlantic Ocean via the Mediterranean Sea and Aegean Seas and various straits....
 along the estuary
Estuary

An estuary is a semi-enclosed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea....
 of the Southern Buh river (where it meets the Inhul
Inhul

Inhul is a tributary of the Southern Buh river of Ukraine. It rises North of Kirovohrad, flowing South into the Southern Bug at Mykolayiv. The Southern Bug empties into the Black Sea, not far from Mykolayiv....
 River) at around .

Administrative status


Mykolaiv is the administrative center
Capital City

Capital City was a television show produced by Euston Films which focused on the lives of investment bankers in London living and working on the corporate trading floor for the fictional international bank Shane-Longman....
 of the Mykolaiv Oblast
Mykolaiv Oblast

Mykolaiv Oblast is an administrative divisions of Ukraine of Ukraine. The capital city of the oblast is the city of Mykolayiv....
 (province
Oblast

Oblast is a type of administrative division in Slavic peoples countries and in some countries of the former Soviet Union. The word "oblast" is a loanword in English, but it is nevertheless often translated as "area", "zone", "province", or "region"....
), as well as that of both the Mykolaivsky and Zhovtnevy raion
Raion

A raion is a type of administrative unit of some post-Soviet states. The term, which is of French origin, describes both a type of a subnational entity and a division of a city, and is almost always translated as "district"....
s (districts) within the oblast. However, Mykolaiv is also a city of oblast subordinance
Administrative divisions of Ukraine

Ukraine is subdivided into 24 oblasts , one autonomous republic, and two "cities with special status"....
, and is thus subject directly to the oblast authorities rather to the raion administration housed in the city itself.

Economy


Today Mykolaiv is a major shipbuilding center of Ukraine (as, earlier, of the whole Soviet Union
Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a Constitution of the Soviet Union socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.The name is a translation of the , romanization of Russian Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik, abbreviated ????, SSSR....
) and an important riverport
Riverport

Riverport can refer to:*a port on/near a river*Riverport, Nova Scotia...
. The city has three major shipyards
Mykolaiv Shipyard

Mykolaiv Shipyard may refer to three shipyards in the Ukrainian city of Mykolaiv or Nikolayev. The North and South yards were also known as the Andre Marti yards in early Soviet times :...
 one of which is capable of building large navy
Navy

A navy is the branch of a nation's military forces principally designated for naval warfare and amphibious warfare; namely, lake- or ocean-borne combat operations and related functions....
 ships. Other important industries are mechanical engineering
Mechanical engineering

Mechanical Engineering is an engineering discipline that involves the application of physics#branches of physics for analysis, design, manufacturing, and maintenance of machine....
, power engineering
Power engineering

Power engineering, also called power systems engineering, is a subfield of electrical engineering that deals with the electric power generation, electric power transmission and electric power distribution of electric power as well as the electrical devices connected to such systems including electric generators, electric motors and tr...
, metallurgy
Metallurgy

Metallurgy is a domain of materials science that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic Chemical element, their intermetallics, and their mixtures, which are called alloys....
 and cosmetics
Cosmetics

Cosmetics are substances used to enhance or protect the appearance or odor of the human body. Cosmetics include skin-care Cream , lotions, Powder , perfumes, lipsticks, fingernail and toe nail polish, eye and facial makeup, permanent waves, colored contact lenses, hair colors, hair sprays and gels, deodorants, baby products, bath oils, bubb...
.

History


The town was founded in 1789 by the Russian Governor General
Guberniya

Guberniya was a major administrative subdivision of Imperial Russia, usually translated as government, governorate, or province. A guberniya was ruled by a governor or , a word borrowed from Latin , in turn from Greek ....
 of Novorossiya
Novorossiya

Novorossiya is a historic area now mostly located in southern Ukraine, in southern Russia, in Bessarabia and in Transnistria.The western part of New Russia was known as Dykra in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and subsequently the province of Yedisan in the Ottoman Empire, and was previously inhabited, as well as the central part, by the N...
, Kniaz Potemkin, initially as a shipyard called simply a New Shipyard on the Ingul river. Kniaz Potemkin signed an order to construct a shipyard on August 27, 1789, which is considered to be the city's birth date. The shipyard was to undertake the repair of naval
Russian Navy

The Russian Navy or VMF is the Navy of the Russian Armed Forces. The international designation of Russian naval vessels is "RFS" - "Russian Federation Ship"....
 ships in the Russo-Turkish war. Later Potemkin ordered the shipyard to be named Nikolaev to commemorate the date when Ochakov fell to the Russian troops under his command on December 6, 1788, close to the day of Saint Nicholas
Saint Nicholas

Saint Nicholas is the common name for Nicholas of Myra, a saint and Bishop of Myra . Because of the many miracles attributed to his intercession, he is also known as Nicholas the Wonderworker....
 (Nikolay) December 19, in the Russian Orthodox Church
Russian Orthodox Church

The Russian Orthodox Church ; or The Moscow Patriarchate , also known as the Orthodox Christian Church of Russia, is a body of Christianity who constitute an Autocephaly Eastern Orthodox Church under the jurisdiction of the List of Metropolitans and Patriarchs of Moscow, in full communion with the other Eastern Orthodox Churches....
 calendar.

The history of the city has always been closely connected to ship building. Captain Georgy Brusilov
Georgy Brusilov

Georgy Lvovich Brusilov or Hryhoriy Brusylov was a Russian naval officer of the Imperial Russian Navy and an Arctic explorer. His father, Lev Brusilov, was a naval officer as well....
 of the ill-fated Arctic ship St Anna
Svyataya Anna

The Svyataya Anna or St. Anna, named after Saint Anne, was a Russian ship built in England. It was the ship commanded by Georgy Brusilov during his ill-fated 1912 Arctic expedition to explore the Northern Sea Route....
 was born in Mykolaiv in 1884.

Education


There are several universities in Mykolaiv. These include the Mykolaiv Pedagogical Institute, Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding
Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding

Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding is a university located in the Mykolaiv. The University is named after the Imperial Russia admiral Stepan Makarov, who was born in the city....
 and Petro Mohyla Mykolaiv State University.

Transportation

Air passenger and cargo traffic go via Mykolaiv Airport
Mykolaiv Airport

International Airport "Mykolaiv" is an airport in Mykolaiv, Ukraine.It is one of the largest and technically equipped airport at the of South of Ukraine....
 which is one of the largest and technically well-equipped airports in the South of Ukraine.

See also

  • Black Sea Shipyard
    Black Sea Shipyard

    The 'Black Sea Shipyard' is located in Mykolaiv, Ukraine and is the largest shipyard on the Black Sea. It is most often referred to as the Nikolayev South Shipyard and was known as Soviet Shipyard No....
  • 61 Kommunara Shipbuilding Plant
  • Okean Shipyard
    Okean Shipyard

    The Okean Shipyard is part of the South Korean STX Shipbuilding, located in Mykolaiv, Ukraine and is the third major ship construction yard in the area....
     (Oktyabr'skoye)


External links