Mycobacterium farcinogenes
Encyclopedia
Mycobacterium farcinogenes is a species of Mycobacterium
Mycobacterium
Mycobacterium is a genus of Actinobacteria, given its own family, the Mycobacteriaceae. The genus includes pathogens known to cause serious diseases in mammals, including tuberculosis and leprosy...

.

Although slow-growing, it is similar to fast-growing species, and is usually classified with them.

Description

Gram-positive
Gram-positive
Gram-positive bacteria are those that are stained dark blue or violet by Gram staining. This is in contrast to Gram-negative bacteria, which cannot retain the crystal violet stain, instead taking up the counterstain and appearing red or pink...

, nonmotile and strongly acid-fast rods. Short or long filaments, bent and branched, in clumps or tangled, lacy network.

Colony characteristics
Rough, yellow and convoluted colonies
Colony (biology)
In biology, a colony reference to several individual organisms of the same species living closely together, usually for mutual benefit, such as stronger defense or the ability to attack bigger prey. Some insects live only in colonies...

. Firmly adherent to medium and surrounded by an iridescent halo.

Physiology
  • Slow growth after 15–20 days on Löwenstein-Jensen medium.


Differential characteristics
  • On the basis of characteristic lipid
    Lipid
    Lipids constitute a broad group of naturally occurring molecules that include fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins , monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, phospholipids, and others...

    s this species
    Species
    In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...

     belongs to the genus Mycobacterium
    Mycobacterium
    Mycobacterium is a genus of Actinobacteria, given its own family, the Mycobacteriaceae. The genus includes pathogens known to cause serious diseases in mammals, including tuberculosis and leprosy...

     and not to the genus Nocardia
    Nocardia
    Nocardia is a genus of weakly staining Gram-positive, catalase-positive, rod-shaped bacteria. It forms partially acid-fast beaded branching filaments . It has a total of 85 species. Some species are non-pathogenic while others are responsible for nocardiosis. Nocardia are found worldwide in soil...

    .
  • DNA homology to the closely related species Mycobacterium senegalense
    Mycobacterium senegalense
    Mycobacterium senegalense is a species of Mycobacterium.It is closely related to Mycobacterium farcinogenes....

    . Both species, share an identical 5' 16S rDNA sequence. However, the ITS sequences are different

Pathogenesis

  • Causes farcy in African cattle
    Cattle
    Cattle are the most common type of large domesticated ungulates. They are a prominent modern member of the subfamily Bovinae, are the most widespread species of the genus Bos, and are most commonly classified collectively as Bos primigenius...

    .
  • Distinctive pathogen
    Pathogen
    A pathogen gignomai "I give birth to") or infectious agent — colloquially, a germ — is a microbe or microorganism such as a virus, bacterium, prion, or fungus that causes disease in its animal or plant host...

    icity for guinea pig
    Guinea pig
    The guinea pig , also called the cavy, is a species of rodent belonging to the family Caviidae and the genus Cavia. Despite their common name, these animals are not in the pig family, nor are they from Guinea...

    s: on subcutaneous inoculation
    Inoculation
    Inoculation is the placement of something that will grow or reproduce, and is most commonly used in respect of the introduction of a serum, vaccine, or antigenic substance into the body of a human or animal, especially to produce or boost immunity to a specific disease...

    , M. farcinogenes produces draining and slow healing abscess
    Abscess
    An abscess is a collection of pus that has accumulated in a cavity formed by the tissue in which the pus resides due to an infectious process or other foreign materials...

    es after 8 days.

Type strain

  • First isolated from lesions of farcy in African bovines (Chad).

Strain IEMVT 75 = ATCC
American Type Culture Collection
The American Type Culture Collection is a private, not-for-profit biological resource center whose mission focuses on the acquisition, authentication, production, preservation, development and distribution of standard reference microorganisms, cell lines and other materials for research in the...

35753 = CCUG 21047 = DSM 43637 = NCTC 10955.
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