Municipalities of Finland
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The municipalities represent the local level of administration in Finland
and act as the fundamental, self-governing administrative units of the country. The entire country is incorporated into municipalities and legally, all municipalities are equal, although certain municipalities are called cities. Municipalities have the right to levy a flat percentual income tax
, which is between 16 and 20 percent, and they provide two thirds of public services
. Municipalities control many community services, such as schools, health care and the water supply, and local streets. They do not maintain highways, set laws or keep police forces — these tasks are the responsibility of the central government.
, i.e. they are governed by an elected council , which is legally autonomous and answers only to the voters. The size of the council is proportional to the population, the extremes being 9 in Sottunga
and 85 in Helsinki
. Municipal managers are civil servants named by the council. The city manager of Helsinki is called / "Lord Mayor" for historical reasons.
There were previously no mayors in Finland, but after a change in law, Tampere
was first city to elect a mayor (/) in 2007. The mayor is not, however, currently elected directly, but by the municipal council. The mayor acts as municipal manager and as a speaker
of municipal council.
The municipal tax is a flat income tax that is levied on lower income levels than state taxes, which in contrast are progressive tax
es. The lowest tax of 16% is found in Kauniainen
, while a 20% tax is in the another extreme. Municipalities also receive funding directly from the state . Municipalities levy a property tax on property, which is comparatively low. It is higher for summer cottages or other property intended for leisure. Corporate tax called , "community tax", is also a source of income. Some functions are funded both by the municipality and the state, e.g. AMK
schools.
The municipal tax, although in principle a flat tax
, is affected by deductions, such that the real average tax percentage is lower than the nominal rate. Municipal taxes are collected by the state (Verohallinto) and paid to the municipalities.
Although municipalities do not have police or legislative powers, local ordinances concerning traffic can be set, and municipal parking inspectors can give parking tickets. Municipalities are legal persons and can appear in an administrative court
. Likewise, the state of Finland is a separate legal person.
. , 19 municipalities were unilingually Swedish
(16 in the autonomous Åland and three in Ostrobothnia
). 43 municipalities were bilingual: 22 with Swedish
as the majority language (all but five in Ostrobothnia
and Åboland
) and 21 with Finnish
as the majority language (all but five in the historical province of Uusimaa).
Although there are exceptions, the line between a city and a small town or rural municipality can be drawn at the city of Hamina
with inhabitants. In the population ranking, above Hamina there are only cities (and their surrounding areas). However, there are many cities with much smaller populations than Hamina. Finland's smallest city, Kaskinen
, dates back to 1785 but had a population of only .
The areas of the municipalities vary, as the population is the primary criterion for forming a municipality. The largest are found in Lapland, of which the largest is Inari
at km² (130 km square). The smallest municipalities are very small towns. Kaskinen
is an independent town with the land area of only 10.49 km². Kauniainen
, which was originally a corporation
in Espoo
, is only km².
es. The old word for a municipality is , 'keeper', because when the system was instituted, one municipality kept one minister. Furthermore, there was a system of tax areas, which was not necessarily convergent. Furthermore, cities were chartered
separately. Until 1977 municipalities were divided into cities , market towns and rural municipalities
. The market towns were abolished and renamed as cities. The rest of the municipalities were classified as 'other municipalities'. All municipalities called maalaiskunta
were eventually either merged to their parent cities or changed their names. From 1995 onwards only 'municipality' is recognized by law and any municipality is allowed to call itself a city if it so wishes.
Each municipality has a distinct coat of arms
. It is posted to the borders and shown in official documents advertising the municipality. Also, municipalities may have a logo
distinct from a coat of arms.
, has no special arrangements. The area consists of four entirely independent cities that form a continuous conurbation
. Greater Helsinki has grown in population and area relatively quickly: the nearby municipalities, considered rural only 50 years ago, have become suburbs, and the growth is projected to continue. A state-imposed merger of Helsinki and a part of Sipoo
, a rural, 40% Swedish-speaking municipality adjacent to Greater Helsinki, was recently approved by the government, counter to the opinion of the Sipoo municipal council. This area will effectively become a new (and Finnish-speaking) suburb with multiple times the inhabitants than there are in Sipoo.
(since April 2007 the post is held by Mari Kiviniemi) has suggested creating a two-tier system of municipalities with different powers, while the Association of Finnish Local and Regional Authorities favours a system where municipalities would be units of at least 20,000–30,000 inhabitants, cf. the current median at 4,700. The motion has been inspired by a similar reform in Denmark
(see Municipalities of Denmark
). Former government (Vanhanen II
), however, planned to not impose mergers.
Recently, a large number of voluntary mergers have been agreed on. 14 mergers were completed in 2007 and one in 2008. In 2009, there were even more, and many of these mergers consolidated more than two municipalities. Several cities merged with surrounding rural municipalities in Hämeenlinna
, Loviisa
, Salo
, Kouvola
, Seinäjoki
, Naantali
, Kauhava
, Lohja
, Ekenäs, Jyväskylä
and Oulu
in 2009. In total, there were 30 mergers, involving 92 municipalities, that reduce the number of municipalities by 62. Four mergers are currently under consideration and may be effected in 2009. The year 2009 also marked the end of the last maalaiskunta
, a municipality surrounding a city but sharing the name, in Jyväskylä
.
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The municipalities represent the local level of administration in Finland
Finland
Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...
and act as the fundamental, self-governing administrative units of the country. The entire country is incorporated into municipalities and legally, all municipalities are equal, although certain municipalities are called cities. Municipalities have the right to levy a flat percentual income tax
Income tax
An income tax is a tax levied on the income of individuals or businesses . Various income tax systems exist, with varying degrees of tax incidence. Income taxation can be progressive, proportional, or regressive. When the tax is levied on the income of companies, it is often called a corporate...
, which is between 16 and 20 percent, and they provide two thirds of public services
Public services
Public services is a term usually used to mean services provided by government to its citizens, either directly or by financing private provision of services. The term is associated with a social consensus that certain services should be available to all, regardless of income...
. Municipalities control many community services, such as schools, health care and the water supply, and local streets. They do not maintain highways, set laws or keep police forces — these tasks are the responsibility of the central government.
Government and taxation
Municipalities have council-manager governmentCouncil-manager government
The council–manager government form is one of two predominant forms of municipal government in the United States; the other common form of local government is the mayor-council government form, which characteristically occurs in large cities...
, i.e. they are governed by an elected council , which is legally autonomous and answers only to the voters. The size of the council is proportional to the population, the extremes being 9 in Sottunga
Sottunga
Sottunga is an island municipality of Åland, an autonomous territory of Finland. The municipality is the smallest when it comes to population in Åland and in Finland, with a population of only and covers an area of ofwhich...
and 85 in Helsinki
Helsinki
Helsinki is the capital and largest city in Finland. It is in the region of Uusimaa, located in southern Finland, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, an arm of the Baltic Sea. The population of the city of Helsinki is , making it by far the most populous municipality in Finland. Helsinki is...
. Municipal managers are civil servants named by the council. The city manager of Helsinki is called / "Lord Mayor" for historical reasons.
There were previously no mayors in Finland, but after a change in law, Tampere
Tampere
Tampere is a city in southern Finland. It is the most populous inland city in any of the Nordic countries. The city has a population of , growing to approximately 300,000 people in the conurbation and over 340,000 in the metropolitan area. Tampere is the third most-populous municipality in...
was first city to elect a mayor (/) in 2007. The mayor is not, however, currently elected directly, but by the municipal council. The mayor acts as municipal manager and as a speaker
Speaker (politics)
The term speaker is a title often given to the presiding officer of a deliberative assembly, especially a legislative body. The speaker's official role is to moderate debate, make rulings on procedure, announce the results of votes, and the like. The speaker decides who may speak and has the...
of municipal council.
The municipal tax is a flat income tax that is levied on lower income levels than state taxes, which in contrast are progressive tax
Progressive tax
A progressive tax is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases. "Progressive" describes a distribution effect on income or expenditure, referring to the way the rate progresses from low to high, where the average tax rate is less than the marginal tax rate...
es. The lowest tax of 16% is found in Kauniainen
Kauniainen
Kauniainen is a small town and a municipality of inhabitants in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Finland. It is surrounded by the city of Espoo, in Greater Helsinki...
, while a 20% tax is in the another extreme. Municipalities also receive funding directly from the state . Municipalities levy a property tax on property, which is comparatively low. It is higher for summer cottages or other property intended for leisure. Corporate tax called , "community tax", is also a source of income. Some functions are funded both by the municipality and the state, e.g. AMK
Ammattikorkeakoulu
An ammattikorkeakoulu , abbreviated amk, is a Finnish institution of higher education.- Significance :...
schools.
The municipal tax, although in principle a flat tax
Flat tax
A flat tax is a tax system with a constant marginal tax rate. Typically the term flat tax is applied in the context of an individual or corporate income that will be taxed at one marginal rate...
, is affected by deductions, such that the real average tax percentage is lower than the nominal rate. Municipal taxes are collected by the state (Verohallinto) and paid to the municipalities.
Although municipalities do not have police or legislative powers, local ordinances concerning traffic can be set, and municipal parking inspectors can give parking tickets. Municipalities are legal persons and can appear in an administrative court
Administrative court
Greece, as a civil law country has administrative courts. The establishment of those courts can be found in article 94 of the Constitution of the Hellenic Republic 1975, as revised in 2001. The administrative courts are composed from districts Courts of First Instance, district Courts of Appeal and...
. Likewise, the state of Finland is a separate legal person.
Statistics
, there are 336 municipalities in Finland, of which 108 are citiesCity
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...
. , 19 municipalities were unilingually Swedish
Finland-Swedish
Finland Swedish is a general term for the closely related cluster of dialects of Swedish spoken in Finland by Swedish-speaking Finns as their mother tongue...
(16 in the autonomous Åland and three in Ostrobothnia
Ostrobothnia (region)
Ostrobothnia is a region of Finland. It is located in Western Finland. It borders the regions Central Ostrobothnia, Southern Ostrobothnia, and Satakunta and is one of the four regions making up the historical province of Ostrobothnia....
). 43 municipalities were bilingual: 22 with Swedish
Finland-Swedish
Finland Swedish is a general term for the closely related cluster of dialects of Swedish spoken in Finland by Swedish-speaking Finns as their mother tongue...
as the majority language (all but five in Ostrobothnia
Ostrobothnia (region)
Ostrobothnia is a region of Finland. It is located in Western Finland. It borders the regions Central Ostrobothnia, Southern Ostrobothnia, and Satakunta and is one of the four regions making up the historical province of Ostrobothnia....
and Åboland
Åboland
Åboland is a sub-region in the archipelago of the Finland Proper region in south-western Finland.Åboland and Turunmaa are also informal names of the region, but in this context Särkisalo is normally included and in the Finnish name Turunmaa also the northern Finnish-speaking part of the...
) and 21 with Finnish
Finnish language
Finnish is the language spoken by the majority of the population in Finland Primarily for use by restaurant menus and by ethnic Finns outside Finland. It is one of the two official languages of Finland and an official minority language in Sweden. In Sweden, both standard Finnish and Meänkieli, a...
as the majority language (all but five in the historical province of Uusimaa).
Although there are exceptions, the line between a city and a small town or rural municipality can be drawn at the city of Hamina
Hamina
Hamina is a town and a municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Southern Finland and is part of the Kymenlaakso region. The town has a population of and covers an area of ofwhich is water. The population density is...
with inhabitants. In the population ranking, above Hamina there are only cities (and their surrounding areas). However, there are many cities with much smaller populations than Hamina. Finland's smallest city, Kaskinen
Kaskinen
Kaskinen is a town and municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Ostrobothnia region. The population of Kaskinen is and the municipality covers an area of of which is inland water . The population density is...
, dates back to 1785 but had a population of only .
The areas of the municipalities vary, as the population is the primary criterion for forming a municipality. The largest are found in Lapland, of which the largest is Inari
Inari, Finland
Inari is Finland's largest, sparsely populated municipality with four official languages, more than any other in the country. Its major sources of income are lumber industry and nature maintenance. With the museum Siida in the village of Inari, it is a center of Sami culture...
at km² (130 km square). The smallest municipalities are very small towns. Kaskinen
Kaskinen
Kaskinen is a town and municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Ostrobothnia region. The population of Kaskinen is and the municipality covers an area of of which is inland water . The population density is...
is an independent town with the land area of only 10.49 km². Kauniainen
Kauniainen
Kauniainen is a small town and a municipality of inhabitants in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Finland. It is surrounded by the city of Espoo, in Greater Helsinki...
, which was originally a corporation
Corporation
A corporation is created under the laws of a state as a separate legal entity that has privileges and liabilities that are distinct from those of its members. There are many different forms of corporations, most of which are used to conduct business. Early corporations were established by charter...
in Espoo
Espoo
Espoo is the second largest city and municipality in Finland. The population of the city of Espoo is . It is part of the Helsinki Metropolitan Area along with the cities of Helsinki, Vantaa, and Kauniainen. Espoo shares its eastern border with Helsinki and Vantaa, while enclosing Kauniainen....
, is only km².
History
Municipalities were originally parishParish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
es. The old word for a municipality is , 'keeper', because when the system was instituted, one municipality kept one minister. Furthermore, there was a system of tax areas, which was not necessarily convergent. Furthermore, cities were chartered
Royal Charter
A royal charter is a formal document issued by a monarch as letters patent, granting a right or power to an individual or a body corporate. They were, and are still, used to establish significant organizations such as cities or universities. Charters should be distinguished from warrants and...
separately. Until 1977 municipalities were divided into cities , market towns and rural municipalities
Maalaiskunta
Maalaiskunta , landskommun , "rural municipality", abbreviated mlk was one of the four types of municipality in Finland in 1865–1977. Other types were new city , old city and kauppala . Maalaiskunta was the most common type of municipality...
. The market towns were abolished and renamed as cities. The rest of the municipalities were classified as 'other municipalities'. All municipalities called maalaiskunta
Maalaiskunta
Maalaiskunta , landskommun , "rural municipality", abbreviated mlk was one of the four types of municipality in Finland in 1865–1977. Other types were new city , old city and kauppala . Maalaiskunta was the most common type of municipality...
were eventually either merged to their parent cities or changed their names. From 1995 onwards only 'municipality' is recognized by law and any municipality is allowed to call itself a city if it so wishes.
Each municipality has a distinct coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
. It is posted to the borders and shown in official documents advertising the municipality. Also, municipalities may have a logo
Logo
A logo is a graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and even individuals to aid and promote instant public recognition...
distinct from a coat of arms.
Capital region
Distinctively, the capital area, or Greater HelsinkiGreater Helsinki
Greater Helsinki and the smaller Helsinki Metropolitan Area or Capital Region refer to two regions of different size surrounding Helsinki, the capital of Finland...
, has no special arrangements. The area consists of four entirely independent cities that form a continuous conurbation
Conurbation
A conurbation is a region comprising a number of cities, large towns, and other urban areas that, through population growth and physical expansion, have merged to form one continuous urban and industrially developed area...
. Greater Helsinki has grown in population and area relatively quickly: the nearby municipalities, considered rural only 50 years ago, have become suburbs, and the growth is projected to continue. A state-imposed merger of Helsinki and a part of Sipoo
Sipoo
Sipoo is a municipality of Finland. Its seat is in Nikkilä/Nickby.It is the eastern neighbour of Helsinki and is located in the Uusimaa region. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of ofwhich is water...
, a rural, 40% Swedish-speaking municipality adjacent to Greater Helsinki, was recently approved by the government, counter to the opinion of the Sipoo municipal council. This area will effectively become a new (and Finnish-speaking) suburb with multiple times the inhabitants than there are in Sipoo.
Mergers and reform
There is currently a heated political debate in Finland about reforming the municipality system. Essentially, a large number of small municipalities is seen as detrimental to the provision of public services, having been originated from a time when horses and carriages were used from transport, and there have been suggestions of state-imposed mergers. A committee led by Minister for Regional and Municipal Affairs Hannes ManninenHannes Manninen
Hannes Manninen is a Finnish politician of the Centre Party. He has been a member of the Parliament of Finland since 1995 and Minister of Regional and Municipal Affairs of Finland 2003-2007.-References:...
(since April 2007 the post is held by Mari Kiviniemi) has suggested creating a two-tier system of municipalities with different powers, while the Association of Finnish Local and Regional Authorities favours a system where municipalities would be units of at least 20,000–30,000 inhabitants, cf. the current median at 4,700. The motion has been inspired by a similar reform in Denmark
Denmark
Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
(see Municipalities of Denmark
Municipalities of Denmark
This is a list of Municipalities of Denmark.-Region Hovedstaden:* Albertslund Municipality* Allerød Municipality* Ballerup Municipality* Bornholm Regional Municipality* Brøndby Municipality* Copenhagen Municipality* Dragør Municipality* Egedal Municipality...
). Former government (Vanhanen II
Matti Vanhanen's second cabinet
Matti Vanhanen's second cabinet was the 70th cabinet of Finland. The cabinet was a centre-right/green coalition, consisting of four parties: the Centre Party Matti Vanhanen's second cabinet (April 2007 - June 2010 ) was the 70th cabinet of Finland. The cabinet was a centre-right/green coalition,...
), however, planned to not impose mergers.
Recently, a large number of voluntary mergers have been agreed on. 14 mergers were completed in 2007 and one in 2008. In 2009, there were even more, and many of these mergers consolidated more than two municipalities. Several cities merged with surrounding rural municipalities in Hämeenlinna
Hämeenlinna
Hämeenlinna is a city and municipality of about inhabitants in the heart of the historical province of Häme in the south of Finland and is the birthplace of composer Jean Sibelius. Today, it belongs to the region of Tavastia Proper, and until 2010 it was the residence city for the Governor of the...
, Loviisa
Loviisa
Loviisa is a municipality and town of inhabitants on the southern coast of Finland. About 43 per cent of the population is Swedish-speaking.The municipality covers an area of of which is water...
, Salo
Salo, Finland
Salo is a town and municipality of Finland.It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Finland Proper region. The municipality has a population of and covers an area of of which is water. The population density is ....
, Kouvola
Kouvola
Kouvola is a town and municipality in southeastern Finland. It is located northeast of the capital, Helsinki.The city has a population of and covers an area of of which is water. The population density is ....
, Seinäjoki
Seinäjoki
Seinäjoki is a city located in Southern Ostrobothnia, Finland. Seinäjoki originated around the Östermyra bruk iron and gunpowder factories founded in 1798. Seinäjoki became a municipality in 1868, market town in 1931 and town in 1960...
, Naantali
Naantali
Naantali is a city in south-western Finland, known as one of the most important tourist centres of the country. The municipality has a population of , and is located in the region of Finland Proper, west of Turku....
, Kauhava
Kauhava
Kauhava is a town and municipality of Finland.It is located in the province of Western Finland and is part of the Southern Ostrobothnia region, northwest of Helsinki and by the main railway from Helsinki to Oulu. The town has a population of and covers an area of of which is water...
, Lohja
Lohja
Lohja , is a town and municipality of Finland.It is located in the province of Southern Finland and is part of the Uusimaa region. The town has a population of and covers an area of ofwhich is water...
, Ekenäs, Jyväskylä
Jyväskylä
Jyväskylä is the capital of Central Finland and the largest city on the Finnish Lakeland, north-east of Tampere and north of Helsinki, on northern coast of lake Päijänne. The city has been continuously one of the most rapidly growing cities in Finland since World War II. The city is surrounded...
and Oulu
Oulu
Oulu is a city and municipality of inhabitants in the region of Northern Ostrobothnia, in Finland. It is the most populous city in Northern Finland and the sixth most populous city in the country. It is one of the northernmost larger cities in the world....
in 2009. In total, there were 30 mergers, involving 92 municipalities, that reduce the number of municipalities by 62. Four mergers are currently under consideration and may be effected in 2009. The year 2009 also marked the end of the last maalaiskunta
Maalaiskunta
Maalaiskunta , landskommun , "rural municipality", abbreviated mlk was one of the four types of municipality in Finland in 1865–1977. Other types were new city , old city and kauppala . Maalaiskunta was the most common type of municipality...
, a municipality surrounding a city but sharing the name, in Jyväskylä
Jyväskylä
Jyväskylä is the capital of Central Finland and the largest city on the Finnish Lakeland, north-east of Tampere and north of Helsinki, on northern coast of lake Päijänne. The city has been continuously one of the most rapidly growing cities in Finland since World War II. The city is surrounded...
.
Municipalities by regions
- Municipalities of Central FinlandMunicipalities of Central FinlandThe 23 municipalities of the Central Finland Region in Finland are divided on seven sub-regions.- Saarijärvi sub-region :*Kannonkoski*Karstula*Kivijärvi*Kyyjärvi*Saarijärvi...
- Municipalities of Finland ProperMunicipalities of Finland ProperThe 28 municipalities of the Finland Proper Region in Finland are divided on five districts.- Åboland–Turunmaa sub-region :*Kimitoön *Väståboland - Turku sub-region :*Kaarina *Lieto...
- Municipalities of KainuuMunicipalities of KainuuThe nine municipalities of the Kainuu Region in Finland are divided to form two sub-regions.- Kajaani sub-region :1. Kajaani 2. Vaala3. Paltamo4. Ristijärvi5. Sotkamo- Kehys-Kainuu sub-region :6. Kuhmo7. Suomussalmi8. Hyrynsalmi9...
- Municipalities of KymenlaaksoMunicipalities of KymenlaaksoThe 7 municipalities of the Kymenlaakso Region in Finland are divided on two sub-regions.- Kotka-Hamina Sub-region :*Hamina *Kotka*Miehikkälä*Pyhtää *Virolahti...
- Municipalities of Lapland
- Municipalities of North KareliaMunicipalities of North KareliaThe 14 municipalities of North Karelia in Finland are divided on five sub-regions:- Joensuu sub-region :*Ilomantsi*Joensuu*Juuka*Kontiolahti*Outokumpu*Polvijärvi...
- Municipalities of South KareliaMunicipalities of South KareliaThe 10 municipalities of South Karelia in Finland are divided on two sub-regions:- Lappeenranta sub-region :*Lappeenranta *Lemi*Luumäki*Savitaipale*Suomenniemi*Taipalsaari...
- Municipalities of OstrobothniaMunicipalities of OstrobothniaThe 16 municipalities of the Ostrobothnia Region in Finland are divided into four sub-regions. Both their location and the dominant language imply these divisions; Kyrönmaa, for example, is Finnish-speaking, whereas the others have Swedish-speakers in the majority...
- Municipalities of Central OstrobothniaMunicipalities of Central OstrobothniaThe nine municipalities of Central Ostrobothnia in Finland are divided on two sub-regions.- Kaustinen sub-region :*Halsua*Kaustinen *Lestijärvi*Perho*Toholampi*Veteli...
- Municipalities of Northern OstrobothniaMunicipalities of Northern OstrobothniaThe 34 municipalities of Northern Ostrobothnia in Finland are divided on seven sub-regions.- Oulu sub-region :*Hailuoto *Haukipudas*Kempele*Kiiminki*Liminka *Lumijoki*Muhos*Oulu *Oulunsalo...
- Municipalities of Southern OstrobothniaMunicipalities of Southern OstrobothniaThe 19 municipalities of Southern Ostrobothnia in Finland are divided on six sub-regions.- South Eastern Bothnia sub-region :*Isojoki *Karijoki *Kauhajoki*Teuva - Seinäjoki sub-region :*Ilmajoki*Jalasjärvi...
- Municipalities of PirkanmaaMunicipalities of PirkanmaaThe 22 municipalities of Pirkanmaa in Finland are divided into six sub-regions.- North Western Pirkanmaa sub-region :*Hämeenkyrö *Ikaalinen *Kihniö*Parkano- Tampere sub-region :*Kangasala*Lempäälä*Nokia*Pälkäne...
- Municipalities of SatakuntaMunicipalities of SatakuntaThe 25 municipalities of the Satakunta Region in Finland are divided on four sub-regions.- Rauma sub-region :*Eura*Eurajoki *Köyliö *Rauma *Säkylä- Pori sub-region :*Harjavalta*Huittinen*Kokemäki...
- Municipalities of Northern SavoniaMunicipalities of Northern SavoniaThe 21 municipalities of Northern Savonia in Finland are divided on five sub-regions.- Upper Savonia sub-region :*Iisalmi *Keitele*Kiuruvesi*Lapinlahti*Pielavesi*Sonkajärvi*Vieremä- North Eastern Savonia sub-region :*Juankoski*Kaavi...
- Municipalities of Southern SavoniaMunicipalities of Southern SavoniaThe 17 municipalities of Southern Savonia in Finland are divided on three sub-regions.- Mikkeli sub-region :*Hirvensalmi*Kangasniemi*Mikkeli *Mäntyharju*Pertunmaa*Puumala*Ristiina- Savonlinna sub-region :*Enonkoski*Heinävesi...
- Municipalities of Tavastia ProperMunicipalities of Tavastia ProperThe 11 municipalities of Tavastia Proper in Finland are divided on three sub-regions:- Forssa sub-region :*Forssa*Humppila*Jokioinen *Tammela*Ypäjä...
- Municipalities of Päijänne TavastiaMunicipalities of Päijänne TavastiaThe 11 municipalities of Päijänne Tavastia in Finland are divided on two sub-regions:- Lahti Sub-region :*Asikkala*Hollola*Hämeenkoski*Kärkölä*Lahti *Nastola*Orimattila*Padasjoki...
- Municipalities of UusimaaMunicipalities of UusimaaThe 28 municipalities of the Uusimaa Region in Finland are divided between four sub-regions:- Helsinki Sub-region :*Espoo *Helsinki *Hyvinkää *Järvenpää*Karkkila*Kirkkonummi *Lohja *Mäntsälä...
- Municipalities of Eastern UusimaaMunicipalities of Eastern UusimaaThe seven municipalities of Eastern Uusimaa in Finland were divided on two sub-regions:- Porvoo Sub-region :*Askola*Myrskylä *Porvoo *Pukkila*Sipoo...
- Municipalities of Åland
Map
- The thicker lines demarcate regions of FinlandRegions of FinlandFinland consists of 19 regions called in Finnish and in Swedish. The regions are governed by regional councils, which serve as forums of cooperation for the municipalities of a region. The main tasks of the regions are regional planning and development of enterprise and education. In addition,...
.
See also
- List of Finnish municipalities
- List of Finnish municipalities by population
- List of Finnish municipalities by area
- List of cities and towns in Finland
- List of former municipalities of Finland