Muhammad Shaybani

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Muhammad Shaybani

Abu 'I-Fath Muhammad, known in later centuries as Shaybani Khan (c. 1451 – 1510), was a khan of the Uzbeks

Uzbeks

The Uzbeks are a Turkic peoples people of Central Asia. They comprise the majority population of Uzbekistan, and large populations can also be found in Afghanistan, Tajikstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Russia and the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China....
(1500-10) who continued consolidating various Uzbek tribes and laid foundations for their ascendance in Transoxiana

Transoxiana

Transoxiana is the ancient name used for the portion of Central Asia corresponding approximately with modern-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and southwest Kazakhstan....
. of Genghis Khan

Genghis Khan

Genghis Khan , born , was the founder, Khan and Khagan of the Mongol Empire, the World's largest empires contiguous empire in history....
through his grandson Shayban

Shiban

Shiban or Shayban was a sub-commander in the White Horde. He was Jochi fifth son and a grandson of Genghis Khan. Because he was too young when his father died in 1227, he did not receive any lands at that time....
and considered the Timurids as usurpers of the Genghisid heritage in Central Asia

Central Asia

Central Asia is a region of Asia from the Caspian Sea in the west to central China in the east, and from southern Russia in the north to northern India in the south....
.

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Abu 'I-Fath Muhammad, known in later centuries as Shaybani Khan (c. 1451 – 1510), was a khan of the Uzbeks

Uzbeks

Transoxiana

Transoxiana is the ancient name used for the portion of Central Asia corresponding approximately with modern-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and southwest Kazakhstan....
. of Genghis Khan

Genghis Khan

Genghis Khan , born , was the founder, Khan and Khagan of the Mongol Empire, the World's largest empires contiguous empire in history....
through his grandson Shayban

Shiban

Central Asia

Central Asia is a region of Asia from the Caspian Sea in the west to central China in the east, and from southern Russia in the north to northern India in the south....
. His native Turkic name was Shabaq (wormwood

Wormwood

Wormwood may refer to:*Various plants of the genus Artemisia but commonly Artemisia absinthium, also called grande wormwood or absinthe wormwood...
, whence Shaibak, thence Shaybani--a pseudo-authentication of the Turkic

Turkic

Turkic may refer to:* Turkic languages** Turkic alphabets* Turkic peoples** Turkic migration** Turkic nationalism* Turkic European* Turkic Federalist Party...
name into a more prestigious Arabic tribal name of Shayban.

Continuing the policies of his grandfather, Abu'l-Khayr Khan

Abu'l-Khayr Khan

Abu'l-Khayr Khan was the leader who united the nomadic Uzbeks tribes from which the Kazakhs khanate later separated in rebellion under Janybek Khan and Kerei Khan beginning in 1466....
, Shaybani ousted the Timurids from their capital Samarkand

Samarkand

Samarkand , is the second-largest city in Uzbekistan and the capital of Samarqand Province.The city is most noted for its central position on the Silk Road between China and the West, and for being an Islamic centre for scholarly study....
by 1500. He fought successful campaigns against the Timurid leader Babur

Babur

Babur was a Muslim conqueror from Central Asia who, following a series of setbacks, finally succeeded in laying the basis for the Mughal Empire of Indian subcontinent....
, founder of the Mughal Empire. In 1505 he recaptured Samarkand and in 1507 also took Herat

Herat

Herat , classically called the Aria, is a city in western Afghanistan, in the province also known as Herat province. It is situated in the valley of the Hari River, Afghanistan, which flows from the mountains of central Afghanistan to the Karakum Desert in Turkmenistan....
, the southern capital of the Timurids. Shaybani conquered Bukhara

Bukhara

Bukhara , also spelled as Bukhoro and Bokhara, from the Soghdian ?uxarak , is the Capital of the Bukhara Province of Uzbekistan. The nation's fifth-largest city, it has a population of 237,900 ....
in 1506 and established the short-lived Shaybanid Empire. In 1508-09, he carried out many raids northward, pillaging the land of the Kazakh Khanate

Kazakh Khanate

Kazakh Khanate was a Kazakhs state that existed in 1456-1731, located roughly on the territory of present-day Kazakhstan....
. However he suffered a major defeat from Kazakhs

Kazakhs

The Kazakhs are a Turkic peoples of the northern parts of Central Asia ....
under Kasim Khan

Kasym Khan

Kasym Khan was the leader of the Kazakh Khanate from about 1510 to 1521.The son of Janybek Khan who created the Kazakh Khanate by gaining their independence from Abu'l-Khayr Khan, Qasym khan united the Kazakh nation, carrying on the line of the Golden Horde....
in 1510.

Shah Ismail I

Ismail I

Shah Isma'il Abu'l-Mozaffar bin Sheikh Haydar bin Sheikh Junayd Safawi , was a Shah of Iran and the founder of the Safavids, which survived until 1736....
from the Safavid dynasty of Persia was alarmed by Shaybani's success and moved against the Uzbeks. In the Battle of Marv (1510), Muhammad Shaybani was defeated and killed when trying to escape. Ismail had Muhammad Shaybani's body parts sent to various areas of the empire for display and had his skull coated in gold and made into a jeweled drinking goblet

Skull cup

The use of a defeated enemy's skull as a drinking Drinkware is reported by numerous authors through history among various peoples, especially nomads roaming the steppes of Eurasia....
which was drunk from when entertaining.

At the time of Shaybani's death, the Uzbeks controlled all of Transoxiana

Transoxiana

Transoxiana is the ancient name used for the portion of Central Asia corresponding approximately with modern-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and southwest Kazakhstan....
, that is, the area between the Syr Darya

Syr Darya

Syr Darya is a river in Central Asia, sometimes known as the Jaxartes or Yaxartes from its Ancient Greek name . The Greek name is derived from Old Persian, Yakhsha Arta , a reference to the color of the river's water....
and Amu Darya

Amu Darya

The Amu Darya is the longest river in Central Asia. Its name is sometimes represented in a single word, Amudarya .Amu is said to have come from the city of Amul, now known as T?rkmenabat....
rivers. After capturing Samarkand from Babur, Shaybani married Babur's sister, Khanzada Begum. Babur's liberty to leave Samarkand was made contingent upon his assent to this alliance. After Shaybani's death, Ismail I gave liberty to Khanzada Begum with her son and, at Babur's request, sent them to his court. For this reason Shaybani was succeeded not by a son but by an uncle, a cousin and a brother whose descendants would rule Bukhara until 1598 and Khwarizm

Khwarezm

Khwarezm were a series of states centered on the Amu Darya river delta of the former Aral Sea, in Greater Iran , extending across the Ust-Urt plateau and possibly as far west as the eastern shores of the northern Caspian Sea....
(later named Khiva

Khiva

Khiva ; Alternative or historical names include Khorasam, Khoresm, Khwarezm, Khwarizm, , Khwarazm, Chiwa, and Chorezm) is the former capital of Khwarezmia and the Khanate of Khiva and lies in the present-day Xorazm Province of Uzbekistan....
) until 1687.

Muhammad Shaybani

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