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Aéroplanes Morane-Saulnier is a French
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
 aircraft manufacturer formed by Raymond Saulnier(1881-1964) and the Morane Brothers Leon(1885-1918) & Robert(1886-1968) in October 1911. The company was taken over and diversified in the 1960s.

History
Morane-Saulnier's initial production was the Model A, a continuation of a monoplane
Monoplane

A monoplane is an aircraft with one main set of wing surfaces, in contrast to a biplane or triplane. Since the late 1930s it has been the "ordinary" form for a fixed wing aircraft....
 design produced by the previous Morane company (sometimes called Morane-Borel) using a wing-warping mechanism for control, in which Jules Védrines won the Paris-Madrid race on May 26 1911.

Morane-Saulnier's first commercially successful design was the Morane-Saulnier L which was used as a fighter during the early days of World War I
World War I

World War I, or the First World War , was a global military conflict which involved the Great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War I and the Central Powers....
.






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Morane
Aéroplanes Morane-Saulnier is a French
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
 aircraft manufacturer formed by Raymond Saulnier(1881-1964) and the Morane Brothers Leon(1885-1918) & Robert(1886-1968) in October 1911. The company was taken over and diversified in the 1960s.

History


Morane-Saulnier's initial production was the Model A, a continuation of a monoplane
Monoplane

A monoplane is an aircraft with one main set of wing surfaces, in contrast to a biplane or triplane. Since the late 1930s it has been the "ordinary" form for a fixed wing aircraft....
 design produced by the previous Morane company (sometimes called Morane-Borel) using a wing-warping mechanism for control, in which Jules Védrines won the Paris-Madrid race on May 26 1911.

Morane-Saulnier's first commercially successful design was the Morane-Saulnier L which was used as a fighter during the early days of World War I
World War I

World War I, or the First World War , was a global military conflict which involved the Great powers, organized into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War I and the Central Powers....
. Morane-Saulnier worked with Roland Garros to develop a system to allow the machine guns to be mounted on the front of the aircraft, shooting through the propeller. The early models of the firing-synchronisation technology did not work well, especially considering the tendency of the ammunition of the time to hang-fire, which often resulted in the aircrafts' propellers' being shot away.

In 1915, Garros fitted additional metal wedges to his propeller to deflect the bullets that didn't synchronize properly and soon started racking up an impressive victory list [citation required]. Morane-Saulnier delivered a number of more advanced versions of its basic monoplane design, but by 1915 a new generation of biplanes was completely outperforming them. One design, however, would leave its mark after the war: the LMS Parasol was an adaptation of Morane-Saulnier's latest L model monoplane with the wing moved over the fuselage for better visibility downward.

After the war Morane-Saulnier produced a number of designs for training and general aviation
General aviation

General aviation is one of two categories of civil aviation. It refers to all flights other than military aviation and scheduled air transport flights, both private aviation and commercial aviation....
, but with the start of World War II
World War II

World War II, or the Second World War , was a global military conflict which involved a Participants in World War II, including all of the great powers, organised into two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War II and the Axis powers....
 looming it once again turned to military aircraft. During the late 1920s and early 1930s it produced a number of parasol wing
Parasol wing

A parasol wing monoplane is an aircraft design in which the wing is not mounted directly to the fuselage, but rather, the fuselage is supported beneath it by a set of struts....
 fighters including the M.S.230 and M.S.315, but all were of limited performance and were relegated to training duties. Moraine-Saulnier had much more success with its dramatically-modernized M.S.406
Morane-Saulnier M.S.406

The M.S.406 was a France List of aircraft of the Arm?e de l'Air fighter aircraft built by Morane-Saulnier starting in 1938. Numerically it was France's most important fighter during the opening stages of World War II but was under-powered, weakly-armed and lacked full armour protection when compared to its contemporaries....
, which was the Armée de l'Air's most numerous fighter at the start of the war. Unfortunately, the 406 was advanced only for its introduction in 1935 and suffered terribly against the more modern Messerschmitt Bf 109
Messerschmitt Bf 109

The Messerschmitt Bf 109 was a Germany World War II fighter aircraft designed by Willy Messerschmitt in the early 1930s. It was one of the first true modern fighters of the era, including such features as an all-metal monocoque construction, a closed canopy, and retractable landing gear....
s it faced in 1940.

After the war Morane-Saulnier produced a number of trainer and civilian aircraft models, the best known of which was the successful "Rallye" series of four-seat STOL
STOL

STOL is an initialism for short take-off and landing, a term used to describe aircraft with very short runway requirements.The formal NATO definition is:...
 semi-aerobatic tourers (see picture above).

Morane-Saulnier was purchased by Potez
Potez

Potez was a French aircraft manufacturer founded as A?roplanes Henry Potez by Henry Potez at Aubervilliers in 1919 in aviation. The firm began by refurbishing war-surplus SEA IV aircraft, but was soon building new examples of an improved version, the Potez VII....
 on January 7 1962 and became SEEMS, the Societe d'Exploitation des Etablissements Morane-Saulnier. In 1966 its civilian models were spun off to form SOCATA
Socata

Socata is a traditional Romanian soft drink made from the flowers of the European elderberry shrub, Sambucus nigra . The European elderberry also grows spontaneously in North America....
, the Societe de Construction d'Avions de Tourisme et d'Affaires, which was eventually purchased by Aerospatiale
Aérospatiale

A?rospatiale was a French aerospace manufacturer that primarily built both civilian and military aircraft, rockets and satellites.History...
.

Morane-Saulnier designs


  • Morane-Saulnier A
  • Morane-Saulnier B
  • Morane-Saulnier G
    Morane-Saulnier G

    The Morane-Saulnier G was a sport aircraft produced in France in the years before the First World War. It was a development of the racing monoplanes designed by L?on Morane and Raymond Saulnier after leaving Etablissements Borel and like its predecessors, was a conventional, wire-braced, shoulder-wing design....
  • Morane-Saulnier H
    Morane-Saulnier H

    The Morane-Saulnier H was a sport aircraft produced in France in the years before the First World War, a single-seat derivative of the successful Morane-Saulnier G with a slightly reduced wingspan Like the Type G, it was a successful sporting type in its day....
  • Morane-Saulnier L
  • Morane-Saulnier LA
  • Morane-Saulnier N
  • Morane-Saulnier I
    Morane-Saulnier I

    The Morane-Saulnier I, also known as the Morane-Saulnier Type I was a French fighter of the 1910s. Essentially a modified Morane-Saulnier N, the Royal Flying Corps possessed a number of them in World War I....
  • Morane-Saulnier V
    Morane-Saulnier V

    The Morane-Saulnier V, also known as the Morane-Saulnier Type V was a French fighter of the 1910s....
  • Morane-Saulnier P
    Morane-Saulnier P

    The Morane-Saulnier Type P was a France parasol wing two-seat reconnaissance fixed-wing aircraft of the First World War. Morane-Saulnier built 595 for the French air force, and it was also used by the British until 1916-17....
  • Morane-Saulnier T
    Morane-Saulnier T

    The Morane-Saulnier T was a bomber aircraft developed in France in 1914 and produced in small numbers during World War I. It was a large, five-bay biplane of conventional configuration, with unstaggered wings of equal span....
  • Morane-Saulnier AC
    Morane-Saulnier AC

    The Morane-Saulnier AC, also known as the Morane-Saulnier Type AC and the MoS 23 was a French fighter of the 1910s....
  • Morane-Saulnier AF
    Morane-Saulnier AF

    The Morane-Saulnier AF, also known as the Morane-Saulnier Type AF and the MoS 28 was a French fighter prototype of the 1910s....
  • Morane-Saulnier AI
    Morane-Saulnier AI

    The Morane-Saulnier AI was a France parasol-wing fighter aircraft produced by Morane-Saulnier during World War I....
  • Morane-Saulnier AN
    Morane-Saulnier AN

    The Morane-Saulnier AN was a French fighter prototype of the 1910s that resulted in the development of many other Morane-Saulnier prototypes....
  • Morane-Saulnier AR
    Morane-Saulnier AR

    The Morane-Saulnier AR was a military trainer aircraft produced in France during and after the First World War. Developed from the Morane-Saulnier L fighter, it was a wire-braced parasol-wing monoplane of conventional design with two open cockpits in tandem and cross-axle-style tailskid undercarriage....
  • Morane-Saulnier BB
    Morane-Saulnier BB

    The Morane-Saulnier BB was a military observation aircraft produced in France during the First World War for use by Britain's Royal Flying Corps....
  • Morane-Saulnier MoS-30
  • Morane-Saulnier MoS-43
  • Morane-Saulnier MoS-50
    Morane-Saulnier MoS-50

    Morane-Saulnier MoS-50 was a France trainer aircraft of parasol-type from 1924. The twin-seat monoplane aircraft was of a wooden construction. It was one of the last aircraft that had a rotary engine - a 130 hp Clerget 9B....
  • Morane-Saulnier MoS-53
  • Morane-Saulnier MoS-121
    Morane-Saulnier MoS-121

    The Morane-Saulnier MoS-121, also known as the Morane-Saulnier MS 121 was a French fighter prototype of the 1920s. It was Morane-Saulnier's first fighter design after World War I....
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-129
  • Morane-Saulnier MoS-130
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-130 Michelin Cup
  • Morane-Saulnier MoS-132
  • Morane-Saulnier MoS-138
  • Morane-Saulnier MoS-139
  • Morane-Saulnier MoS-147
  • Morane-Saulnier MoS-148
  • Morane-Saulnier MoS-149
  • Morane-Saulnier MoS-152
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-180
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-181
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-185
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-200
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-221
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-222
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-223
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-224
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-225
    Morane-Saulnier M.S.225

    The Morane-Saulnier M.S.225 was a French fighter aircraft of the 1930's. It was produced in limited quantities to be used as a transitional aircraft between the last of the biplanes and the first monoplane fighters....
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-226
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-227
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-230
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-231
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-232
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-233
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-234
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-235
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-236
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-275
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-315
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-325
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-340
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-341
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-342
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-343
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-345
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-350
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-406
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-430
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-435
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-450
  • Morane-Saulnier MS.470 Vanneau
    Morane-Saulnier Vanneau

    The Morane-Saulnier Vanneau is a two-seat basic trainer built in France by Morane-Saulnier and ordered by the French Air Force....
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-500 Criquet
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-502
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-505
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-570
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-571
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-703 Pétrel
  • Morane-Saulnier MS.730 Alcyon
    Morane-Saulnier Alcyon

    The Morane-Saulnier Alcyon is a two or three-seat basic training monoplane designed and built in France by Morane-Saulnier....
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-755 Fleuret
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-760 Paris
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-880 Rallye
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-880b Rallye
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-885 Super Rallye
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-893E
  • Morane-Saulnier MS-1500