Miss Havisham
Encyclopedia
Miss Havisham is a significant character in the Charles Dickens
Charles Dickens
Charles John Huffam Dickens was an English novelist, generally considered the greatest of the Victorian period. Dickens enjoyed a wider popularity and fame than had any previous author during his lifetime, and he remains popular, having been responsible for some of English literature's most iconic...

 novel
Novel
A novel is a book of long narrative in literary prose. The genre has historical roots both in the fields of the medieval and early modern romance and in the tradition of the novella. The latter supplied the present generic term in the late 18th century....

 Great Expectations
Great Expectations
Great Expectations is a novel by Charles Dickens. It was first published in serial form in the publication All the Year Round from 1 December 1860 to August 1861. It has been adapted for stage and screen over 250 times....

(1861). She is a wealthy spinster
Spinster
A spinster, or old maid, is an older, childless woman who has never been married.For a woman to be identified as a spinster, age is critical...

, who lives in her ruined mansion
Mansion
A mansion is a very large dwelling house. U.S. real estate brokers define a mansion as a dwelling of over . A traditional European mansion was defined as a house which contained a ballroom and tens of bedrooms...

 with her adopted daughter, Estella
Estella Havisham
Estella Havisham is a significant character in the Charles Dickens novel Great Expectations....

, whom she has sent to France, while she herself is described as looking like "the witch of the place."

Although she has often been portrayed in film versions as very elderly, Dickens's own notes indicate that she is only in her mid-fifties. However, it is also indicated that her long life away from the sunlight has in itself aged her, and she is said to look like a cross between a waxwork
Waxwork
Waxwork or waxworks may refer to:* Wax museum, a museum for a collection of wax figures* Celastrus scandens, a plant in the Celastraceae family* Waxwork , a 1988 comedy/horror film* Waxworks , a 1924 German silent film...

 and a skeleton
Skeleton
The skeleton is the body part that forms the supporting structure of an organism. There are two different skeletal types: the exoskeleton, which is the stable outer shell of an organism, and the endoskeleton, which forms the support structure inside the body.In a figurative sense, skeleton can...

, with moving eyes.

Character history

Miss Havisham's mother died when her daughter was a baby. Her father, a wealthy brewer, spoiled their daughter as a result. When he died, he left most of his money as inheritance for her.

As an adult, she fell in love with a man named Compeyson, who was only out to swindle her of her riches. Her cousin Matthew Pocket warned her to be careful, but she was too much in love to listen. At twenty minutes to nine on their wedding day, while she was dressing, Havisham received a letter from Compeyson and realized that he had defrauded her and she had been left at the altar.
Humiliated and heartbroken, Havisham had all the clocks stopped at the exact point in which she had learned of her betrayal. From that day on, she remained by herself in her decaying mansion, Satis House
Satis House
Satis House is a fictional estate in the Charles Dickens novel Great Expectations.Satis House is the home of Miss Havisham, a rich woman, heiress to her father's fortune, who was abandoned by her intended husband on her wedding day...

, never removing her wedding dress (as a result of being in the process of getting dressed when she receives the letter, she only has one shoe on), leaving the wedding cake uneaten on the table and only allowing a few people to see her.

Miss Havisham later had her lawyer, Mr. Jaggers, adopt a daughter for her.

From protection to revenge

While wishing Estella to never suffer as she had at the hands of a man was Miss Havisham's original goal, it changed as Estella grew older:
While Estella was still a child, Miss Havisham began casting about for boys who could be a testing ground for Estella's education in breaking the hearts of men as vicarious
Vicarious
Vicarious may refer to:* Vicarious arousal, when someone witnessing a strong display of emotion begins to feel a similar emotion themselves.* Vicarious abuse , abuse committed on behalf of somebody else...

 revenge for Miss Havisham's pain. Pip
Great Expectations
Great Expectations is a novel by Charles Dickens. It was first published in serial form in the publication All the Year Round from 1 December 1860 to August 1861. It has been adapted for stage and screen over 250 times....

, the narrator, is the eventual victim, and Miss Havisham readily dresses Estella in jewels to prettify her all the more, and to exemplify all the more the vast social gulf between her and Pip. It is this that drives Pip to ultimately agree to become a gentleman, and when, as a young adult, Estella leaves for France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

 to receive education, Miss Havisham eagerly asks him, "Do you feel you have lost her?"

End

Miss Havisham is repentant
Repentance
Repentance is a change of thought to correct a wrong and gain forgiveness from a person who is wronged. In religious contexts it usually refers to confession to God, ceasing sin against God, and resolving to live according to religious law...

 late in the novel when Estella leaves to marry Pip's rival, Bentley Drummle, and she realises that she has caused Pip’s heart to be broken in the same manner as her own; rather than achieving any kind of personal revenge, she has only caused more pain. Miss Havisham begs Pip for forgiveness.
After Pip leaves, Miss Havisham's dress catches on fire from her fireplace. Pip rushes back in and saves her. However, she has suffered severe burns to the front of her torso (she is laid on her back), up to the throat. The last words she speaks in the novel are (in a delirium
Delirium
Delirium or acute confusional state is a common and severe neuropsychiatric syndrome with core features of acute onset and fluctuating course, attentional deficits and generalized severe disorganization of behavior...

) to Pip, referencing both Estella and a note she, Miss Havisham, has given him with her signature: "Take the pencil and write under my name, 'I forgive her!'"

A surgeon dresses her burns, and says that they are "far from hopeless". However, despite rallying for a time, she dies a few weeks later, leaving Estella as her chief beneficiary, and a considerable sum to Herbert Pocket, as a result of Pip's reference.

Claimed prototypes

Eliza Emily Donnithorne (1827–1886) of Camperdown
Camperdown, New South Wales
Camperdown is an inner-city suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Camperdown is located 4 kilometres south-west of the Sydney central business district and is part of the Inner West region...

, Sydney
Sydney
Sydney is the most populous city in Australia and the state capital of New South Wales. Sydney is located on Australia's south-east coast of the Tasman Sea. As of June 2010, the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people...

, was jilted by her groom - who had the surname "Cuthbertson" - on her wedding day in 1846 and spent the rest of her life in a darkened house, her rotting wedding cake left as it was on the table, and with her front door kept permanently ajar in case her groom ever returned (although he died in 1852). She was widely considered at the time to be Dickens' model for Miss Havisham, although this cannot be proven. Although Charles Dickens had a deep-seated interest in Australia, saw it as a place of opportunity and encouraged two of his sons to emigrate there, the writer never visited it himself, but it features in detail in many of his works, notably Great Expectations itself. He obtained his information on colonial life in New South Wales from two Sydney researchers. He also had numerous friends and acquaintances who settled in Australia who sent him letters detailing curious aspects of life in the colonies, knowing he could use it as source material for future novels. They could easily have conveyed the Donnithorne story to him. Australia features prominently in Great Expectations, and New South Wales is where Pip’s benefactor Abel Magwich made his fortune.

In the 1965 Penguin edition, Angus Calder notes at Chapter 8 that "James Payn, a minor novelist, claimed to have given Dickens the idea for Miss Havisham - from a living original of his acquaintance. He declared that Dickens's account was 'not one whit exaggerated'." Although it is documented Dickens encountered a wealthy recluse called Elizabeth Parker on whom it is widely believed he based the character, whilst staying in Newport, Shropshire
Newport, Shropshire
Newport is a market town in the borough of Telford and Wrekin and ceremonial county of Shropshire, England. It lies some north of Telford and some west of Stafford sitting on the Shropshire/Staffordshire border...

 at the aptly named Havisham court.

It's also claimed that Emily Morgan of Guildford
Guildford
Guildford is the county town of Surrey. England, as well as the seat for the borough of Guildford and the administrative headquarters of the South East England region...

, Surrey
Surrey
Surrey is a county in the South East of England and is one of the Home Counties. The county borders Greater London, Kent, East Sussex, West Sussex, Hampshire and Berkshire. The historic county town is Guildford. Surrey County Council sits at Kingston upon Thames, although this has been part of...

 was the inspiration for Miss Havisham.

Miss Havisham's Fire

Miss Havisham's Fire (1979, revised 2001) is an opera composed by Dominick Argento
Dominick Argento
Dominick Argento is an American composer, best known as a leading composer of lyric opera and choral music...

 with a libretto by John Olon-Scrymgeour, based on Dickens' character. The entire story is told in flashback during an inquiry into Miss Havisham’s death.

Use in the Thursday Next series

Dickens's Miss Havisham is a major character in the comic detective/mystery series of novels, Thursday Next
Thursday Next
Thursday Next is the main protagonist in a series of comic fantasy, alternate history novels by the British author Jasper Fforde. She was first introduced in Fforde's first published novel, The Eyre Affair, released on July 19, 2001 by Hodder & Stoughton. , the series comprises six books, in two...

 by Jasper Fforde
Jasper Fforde
Jasper Fforde is a British novelist. Fforde's first novel, The Eyre Affair, was published in 2001. Fforde is mainly known for his Thursday Next novels, although he has written several books in the loosely connected Nursery Crime series and begun two more independent series: The Last Dragonslayer...

. The stories are set in a fantasy/alternate universe milieu in which characters borrowed from classic literature, including the Dickens, play a prominent role.

In Fforde's world, Mrs Havisham, now a great fan of fast cars, is one of the leading operatives of Jurisfiction, the organisation that polices the world in which all fiction resides, the BookWorld. Her capabilities are portrayed as very advanced, she takes Thursday on as an Apprentice, and one of their first assignments together is to circumvent a plot hole in Great Expectations as it is never explained in Dickens's novel how the heavily-manacled Magwitch was able to make it to land from the prison ship where he was incarcerated.

Also, in the series, Miss Havisham dies as a result of a car crash, rather than being set alight. To make this fit in, the ending familiar to readers in this world is improvised, changing the plot to say her dress caught fire. This is similar to the plot of The Eyre Affair
The Eyre Affair
The Eyre Affair is the first published novel by English author Jasper Fforde, released by Hodder and Stoughton in 2001. It takes place in alternative 1985, where literary detective Thursday Next pursues a master criminal through the world of Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre.-Plot summary:In a parallel...

, the first story in the Thursday Next series where the ending of the story is changed to the familiar one.

In film and television

In film adaptations of Great Expectations, Miss Havisham has been played by a number of distinguished actresses, including:
  • Florence Reed
    Florence Reed
    Florence Reed was a stage, screen and television actress. She is remembered for several outstanding stage productions, including The Shanghai Gesture, The Lullaby, The Yellow Ticket and The Wanderer. Her best remembered movie role was as Miss Havisham in the 1934 production of "Great Expectations"...

     (1934)
  • Martita Hunt
    Martita Hunt
    Martita Hunt was an English theatre and film actress.-Early life:Hunt was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina on 30 January 1900 to British parents Alfred and Marta Hunt...

     (1946)
  • Margaret Leighton (1974)
  • Joan Hickson
    Joan Hickson
    Joan Hickson OBE was an English actress of theatre, film and television, famed for playing Agatha Christie's Miss Marple in the television series Miss Marple.- Wivenhoe :...

     (1981)
  • Jean Simmons
    Jean Simmons
    Jean Merilyn Simmons, OBE was an English actress. She appeared predominantly in motion pictures, beginning with films made in Great Britain during and after World War II – she was one of J...

     (who had previously played Estella in 1946 opposite Hunt) (1989)
  • Anne Bancroft
    Anne Bancroft
    Anne Bancroft was an American actress associated with the Method acting school, which she had studied under Lee Strasberg....

     (1998) (a version which modernized the story to the twentieth century and changed the names of several characters)
  • Charlotte Rampling
    Charlotte Rampling
    Charlotte Rampling, OBE is an English actress. Her career spans four decades in English-language as well as French and Italian cinema.- Early life :...

     (1999)

(Jamie H Scrutton) (2010/2012)
  • Gillian Anderson
    Gillian Anderson
    Gillian Leigh Anderson is an American actress.After beginning her career in theatre, Anderson achieved international recognition for her role as Special Agent Dana Scully on the American television series The X-Files. During the show's nine seasons, Anderson won Emmy, Golden Globe, and Screen...

     (2011) TV Movie
  • Helena Bonham-Carter (Upcoming, 2012)

Characters inspired by Miss Havisham

Both Sunset Boulevard
Sunset Boulevard (film)
Sunset Boulevard is a 1950 American film noir directed and co-written by Billy Wilder, and produced and co-written by Charles Brackett...

and What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?
What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? (film)
What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? is a 1962 American psychological thriller film produced and directed by Robert Aldrich, starring Bette Davis and Joan Crawford. The screenplay by Lukas Heller is based on the novel of the same name by Henry Farrell...

were inspired by David Lean's
David Lean
Sir David Lean CBE was an English film director, producer, screenwriter, and editor best remembered for big-screen epics such as The Bridge on the River Kwai , Lawrence of Arabia ,...

 adaptation of Great Expectations
Great Expectations (1946 film)
Great Expectations is a 1946 British film which won two Academy Awards and was nominated for three others...

, as were, by extension, the characters of Norma Desmond and Baby Jane Hudson
Baby Jane Hudson
Baby Jane Hudson is a fictional character and the antagonist of Henry Farrell's 1960 novel What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? She was portrayed by Bette Davis in the 1962 film adaptation and by Lynn Redgrave in the 1991 made for TV remake...

 and their homes. In Sunset Boulevard, Joe Gillis even compares Norma Desmond to Havisham during his narration.

A character in the cartoon show Chowder
Chowder (TV series)
Chowder is an American animated television series which ran from November 2, 2007 to August 7, 2010 on Cartoon Network. The series was created by C. H...

, Endive, has had a similar event to Havisham when her fiancé never showed up on the wedding day. She also has an apprentice, Panini, whom she teaches to avoid men.

In science

The condition of "The Miss Havisham effect" has been coined by scientists to describe a person who suffers a painful longing for lost love, which can become a physically addictive pleasure by activation of reward and pleasure centers in the brain, which have been identified to regulate addictive behavior - regions commonly known to be responsible for craving and drug, alcohol and gambling addiction.

In popular culture

  • In the popular British soap opera Coronation Street
    Coronation Street
    Coronation Street is a British soap opera set in Weatherfield, a fictional town in Greater Manchester based on Salford. Created by Tony Warren, Coronation Street was first broadcast on 9 December 1960...

    , Ken Barlow refers to Bev Unwin as "Miss Havisham" because of her over-the-top display of drunken grief following the untimely death of Fred Elliott
    Fred Elliott
    Frederick Handel "Fred" Elliott is a fictional character from the British soap opera Coronation Street, played by John Savident from 1994 until 2006.-Development:...

     on their wedding day.

  • In "Pip
    Pip (South Park episode)
    "Pip" is the fourteenth episode of the fourth season of the animated television series South Park, and the 62nd episode of the series overall. "Pip" originally aired in the United States on November 29, 2000 on Comedy Central...

    ," a South Park
    South Park
    South Park is an American animated television series created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone for the Comedy Central television network. Intended for mature audiences, the show has become famous for its crude language, surreal, satirical, and dark humor that lampoons a wide range of topics...

    episode based on Great Expectations
    Great Expectations
    Great Expectations is a novel by Charles Dickens. It was first published in serial form in the publication All the Year Round from 1 December 1860 to August 1861. It has been adapted for stage and screen over 250 times....

    ,
    Miss Havisham is depicted similar to her novel counterpart, with the twist that she ultimately plans to fuse her soul into Estella's body in order to extend her life, using a "Genesis Device." She controls an army of robot
    Robot
    A robot is a mechanical or virtual intelligent agent that can perform tasks automatically or with guidance, typically by remote control. In practice a robot is usually an electro-mechanical machine that is guided by computer and electronic programming. Robots can be autonomous, semi-autonomous or...

    ic monkey
    Monkey
    A monkey is a primate, either an Old World monkey or a New World monkey. There are about 260 known living species of monkey. Many are arboreal, although there are species that live primarily on the ground, such as baboons. Monkeys are generally considered to be intelligent. Unlike apes, monkeys...

    s.

  • Her character was an inspiration for Melanie Ravenswood in the Phantom Manor
    Phantom Manor
    Phantom Manor is an attraction located in Frontierland at Disneyland Park in Disneyland Paris. Sharing a similar theme with the Haunted Mansion attractions at Disneyland, Magic Kingdom and Tokyo Disneyland, it opened with Euro Disneyland on April 12, 1992...

     attraction at Disneyland Paris. In Melanie's case, her groom was murdered by a mysterious phantom by hanging, though she did not find out what happened to him, wandering the haunted house searching for him to her dying day.

  • On The Real Ghostbusters
    The Real Ghostbusters
    The Real Ghostbusters is an American animated television series based on the 1984 film Ghostbusters. The series ran from 1986 to 1991, and was produced by Columbia Pictures Television, DiC Enterprises, and Coca-Cola Telecommunications. "The Real" was added to the title after a dispute with...

    , an elderly woman with a haunted attic goes by the name of Havisham.

  • The poem "Havisham," by Carol Ann Duffy
    Carol Ann Duffy
    Carol Ann Duffy, CBE, FRSL is a Scottish poet and playwright. She is Professor of Contemporary Poetry at the Manchester Metropolitan University, and was appointed Britain's poet laureate in May 2009...

     is based on the character Miss Havisham.

  • The song "Goodbye Miss Havisham" by Sullivan
    Sullivan (band)
    Sullivan was a rock band from Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.Sullivan was involved in To Write Love on Her Arms.-History:Sullivan came together as a trio in 2001. In 2002, they recorded and released "Count the Time in Quarter Tones'on Forsaken/Tribunal Records. The EP sold well and extensive...

     directly relates to her character.

  • In the British comedy Peep Show
    Peep Show (TV series)
    Peep Show is a British sitcom starring David Mitchell and Robert Webb. The television programme is written by Jesse Armstrong and Sam Bain, with additional material by Mitchell and Webb themselves, amongst others. It has been broadcast on Channel 4 since 2003. The show's seventh series makes it...

    , Mark Corrigan states "I don't want to end up lonely like Miss Havisham," while explaining his desire to get married.

  • In the sixth episode of season three of the American TV series Supernatural
    Supernatural (TV series)
    Supernatural is an American supernatural and horror television series created by Eric Kripke, which debuted on September 13, 2005 on The WB, and is now part of The CW's lineup. Starring Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, the series follows the brothers as they...

    (Red Sky at Morning), Sam Winchester
    Sam Winchester
    Samuel "Sam" Winchester is a fictional character and one of the two main protagonists of The CW Television Network's Supernatural along with his older brother Dean. He is portrayed by Jared Padalecki.-Background:...

     refers to an elderly woman who has been flirting with him (Ms. Gert Case) as "Mrs. Havisham".

  • In the film P.S. I Love You
    P.S. I Love You (film)
    P.S. I Love You is a 2007 American drama film directed by Richard LaGravenese. The screenplay by LaGravenese and Steven Rogers is based on the 2004 novel of the same name by Cecelia Ahern. The film is dedicated to the memory of producer Molly Smith's sister Windland Smith Rice.-Plot:Holly and Gerry...

    , the character Holly, who is depressed over the death of her husband, says to her friend Sharon, "...Become the Miss Havisham of the Lower East Side. Never leave my apartment 'til I'm old. Sit in my wedding dress. With an old piece of wedding cake." Other characters also compare her to Havisham throughout the film implicitly and explicitly.

  • In the Family Guy
    Family Guy
    Family Guy is an American animated television series created by Seth MacFarlane for the Fox Broadcasting Company. The series centers on the Griffins, a dysfunctional family consisting of parents Peter and Lois; their children Meg, Chris, and Stewie; and their anthropomorphic pet dog Brian...

    episode "Stuck Together, Torn Apart", Peter Griffin
    Peter Griffin
    Peter Griffin is a fictional character and the protagonist of the animated comedy series Family Guy and the patriarch of the Griffin family. He is voiced by cartoonist Seth MacFarlane and first appeared on television, along with the rest of the family in the 15-minute short on December 20, 1998....

     looks up his old prom date, who has allegedly not taken off her prom dress since she and Peter went to the prom together, not washed her hand since the last time Peter held it, and kept her toilet exactly the same as it was when Peter last used it (even going so far as to talk to it and "feed it"). These mannerisms are similar to those displayed by Miss Havisham during her years of isolation and distress.

  • In the webcomic
    Webcomic
    Webcomics, online comics, or Internet comics are comics published on a website. While many are published exclusively on the web, others are also published in magazines, newspapers or often in self-published books....

     The Non-Adventures of Wonderella Miss Havisham is a member of The Order of Prodigious Noblewoman (a parody of The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen
    The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen
    The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen is a comic book series written by Alan Moore and illustrated by Kevin O'Neill, publication of which began in 1999. The series spans two six-issue limited series and a graphic novel from the America's Best Comics imprint of Wildstorm/DC, and a third miniseries...

    ) alongside Jane Eyre
    Jane Eyre (character)
    Jane Eyre is the heroine of Charlotte Brontë's 1847 novel of the same name.-Appearance:Jane Eyre is described as plain, with an elfin look. She sees herself as "poor, obscure, plain and little". Mr. Rochester once compliments Jane's "hazel eyes and hazel hair", but she tells the reader about Mr...

    , Alice
    Alice (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)
    Alice is a fictional character in the literary classic, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and its sequel, Through the Looking-Glass, And What Alice Found There. She is a young girl from Victorian-era Britain.-Development:...

     from Lewis Carroll's
    Lewis Carroll
    Charles Lutwidge Dodgson , better known by the pseudonym Lewis Carroll , was an English author, mathematician, logician, Anglican deacon and photographer. His most famous writings are Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and its sequel Through the Looking-Glass, as well as the poems "The Hunting of the...

     novels and Beatrice Rappaccini
    Rappaccini's Daughter
    "Rappaccini's Daughter" is a short story written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1844 concerning a medical researcher in medieval Padua. It was published in the collection Mosses from an Old Manse.-Plot summary:...

    . Miss Havisham is said to have the ability to "eviscerate a man with hate"http://nonadventures.com/2007/02/03/victorian-secret/. The titular superheroine declines an offer to join them. In a later strip, Miss Havisham has become a freelance mohel
    Mohel
    A mohel is a Jewish person trained in the practice of brit milah "covenant of circumcision."-Etymology of the Hebrew and Aramaic term:...

    . It is implied she botches circumcision
    Circumcision
    Male circumcision is the surgical removal of some or all of the foreskin from the penis. The word "circumcision" comes from Latin and ....

    s on purpose.http://nonadventures.com/2008/04/12/eyre-apparent/.

  • In the Discworld
    Discworld
    Discworld is a comic fantasy book series by English author Sir Terry Pratchett, set on the Discworld, a flat world balanced on the backs of four elephants which, in turn, stand on the back of a giant turtle, Great A'Tuin. The books frequently parody, or at least take inspiration from, J. R. R....

    novel Reaper Man
    Reaper Man
    Reaper Man is a Discworld novel by Terry Pratchett. Published in 1991, it is the 11th Discworld novel and the second to focus on Death. The title is a reference to Alex Cox's cult movie Repo Man.-Plot:...

    , Miss Flitworth references Miss Havisham when she says that after her fiance died she thought, "What life expects me to do now is moon around the place in the wedding dress for years and go completely doolally". Instead, she got on with things, and they had the reception anyway because there's no sense wasting good food.

  • In the soap opera
    Soap opera
    A soap opera, sometimes called "soap" for short, is an ongoing, episodic work of dramatic fiction presented in serial format on radio or as television programming. The name soap opera stems from the original dramatic serials broadcast on radio that had soap manufacturers, such as Procter & Gamble,...

     As the World Turns
    As the World Turns
    As the World Turns is an American television soap opera that aired on CBS from April 2, 1956 to September 17, 2010. Irna Phillips created As the World Turns as a sister show to her other soap opera Guiding Light...

    ,
    the character Janet Ciccone has a dream where she ends up like Miss Havisham.

  • In the web series Sassy Gay Friend, the title character, played by Brian Gallivan
    Brian Gallivan
    Brian Gallivan is an American actor, writer and comedian who gained significant attention for his Second City Network web series Sassy Gay Friend, based on a character he created in 2004 Second City mainstage revue Red Scare...

    , encourages Ms. Havisham to move on with her life.
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