Minuscule 209 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), δ 457 and α 1581 (Soden), is a
GreekGreek , an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, is the language of the Greeks. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. In its ancient form, it is the language of classical...
minuscule
manuscriptA manuscript is a recording of information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the
New TestamentThe New Testament is the name given to the second major division of the Christian Bible, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament, both terms being associated with Supersessionism...
, on parchment. Paleographically it had been assigned to the 14th century, with an exception to the
Book of RevelationThe Book of Revelation, also called the Revelation of St. John, the Apocalypse of John, and the Revelation of Jesus Christ, is the last book of the New Testament. It may be shortened to Revelation but never Revelations...
which was added to the codex in the 15th century.
The codex contains the whole text of the
New TestamentThe New Testament is the name given to the second major division of the Christian Bible, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament, both terms being associated with Supersessionism...
on 411 parchment leaves (size 19.5 cm by 12 cm). Written in one column per page, in 27 lines per page.
It contains
EuthalianEuthalius was a deacon of Alexandria and later Bishop of Sulca. He lived towards the middle of the fifth century and is chiefly known through his work on the New Testament in particular as the author of the "Euthalian Sections"....
apparatus in the Catholic epistles, and Prolegomena to Apocalypse.
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the
Caesarean text-typeCaesarean text-type is the term proposed by certain scholars to denote a consistent pattern of variant readings that is claimed to be apparent in certain Greek manuscripts of the four Gospels, but which is not found in any of the other commonly recognized New Testament text-types; the Byzantine...
in the Gospels and the
Byzantine text-typeThe Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
in rest books of NT.
Minuscule 209 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), δ 457 and α 1581 (Soden), is a
GreekGreek , an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, is the language of the Greeks. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. In its ancient form, it is the language of classical...
minuscule
manuscriptA manuscript is a recording of information that has been manually created by someone or some people, such as a hand-written letter, as opposed to being printed or reproduced some other way...
of the
New TestamentThe New Testament is the name given to the second major division of the Christian Bible, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament, both terms being associated with Supersessionism...
, on parchment. Paleographically it had been assigned to the 14th century, with an exception to the
Book of RevelationThe Book of Revelation, also called the Revelation of St. John, the Apocalypse of John, and the Revelation of Jesus Christ, is the last book of the New Testament. It may be shortened to Revelation but never Revelations...
which was added to the codex in the 15th century.
Description
The codex contains the whole text of the
New TestamentThe New Testament is the name given to the second major division of the Christian Bible, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament, both terms being associated with Supersessionism...
on 411 parchment leaves (size 19.5 cm by 12 cm). Written in one column per page, in 27 lines per page.
It contains
EuthalianEuthalius was a deacon of Alexandria and later Bishop of Sulca. He lived towards the middle of the fifth century and is chiefly known through his work on the New Testament in particular as the author of the "Euthalian Sections"....
apparatus in the Catholic epistles, and Prolegomena to Apocalypse.
Text
The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the
Caesarean text-typeCaesarean text-type is the term proposed by certain scholars to denote a consistent pattern of variant readings that is claimed to be apparent in certain Greek manuscripts of the four Gospels, but which is not found in any of the other commonly recognized New Testament text-types; the Byzantine...
in the Gospels and the
Byzantine text-typeThe Byzantine text-type is one of several text-types used in textual criticism to describe the textual character of Greek New Testament manuscripts. It is the form found in the largest number of surviving manuscripts, though not in the oldest...
in rest books of NT.
AlandKurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. For many years he was head of the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung and the principal editor of the Nestle-Aland edition of Novum Testamentum Graece .- Life :Aland was born...
placed it in Category III in
GospelA gospel is a writing that describes the life of Jesus. The word is primarily used to refer to the four canonical texts: the Gospel of Matthew, Gospel of Mark, Gospel of Luke and Gospel of John, probably written between AD 65 and 80...
s and in
Book of RevelationThe Book of Revelation, also called the Revelation of St. John, the Apocalypse of John, and the Revelation of Jesus Christ, is the last book of the New Testament. It may be shortened to Revelation but never Revelations...
. The text of the rest books of New Testament of this codex belongs to Category V.
The text of the Gospels is close to
minuscule 205Minuscule 205 , δ 500 , is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Paleographically it had been assigned to the 15th century.- Description :...
(or vice versa). But they are different in the Acts and the Epistles. It is a member of the textual family
f1Family 1 is a group of the Greek Gospel manuscripts, varying in date from the 12th to the 15th century. The group takes its name from the minuscule codex 1, now in the Basel University Library. "Family 1" is also known as "the Lake Group", symbolized as f1. Hermann von Soden calls the...
.
History
The manuscript once belonged to Bessarion, who had it with him at the
Council of FlorenceThe Council of Florence was an Ecumenical Council of bishops and other ecclesiastics of the Roman Catholic Church. It began in 1431 in Basel, Switzerland, and became known as the Council of Ferrara after its transfer to Ferrara was decreed by Pope Eugene IV to convene in 1438...
in 1439, and wrote many notes in it.
It was examined by
BirchAndrew Birch , professor from Copenhagen, Birch was sent in 1781-1783 by the king of Denmark, Christian VII, to examine manuscripts in Italy, Germany, and other European countries. In 1798 Birch published a collection of various readings to the Acts and Epistles...
, Engelbreth, Fleck, and Burgon.
It is currently housed at the
Biblioteca MarcianaThe Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana is a library and Renaissance building in Venice, northern Italy; it is one of the earliest surviving public manuscript depositories in the country, holding one of the greatest classical texts collections in the world. The library is named after St. Mark, the...
(Fondo ant. 10), at
VeniceVenice is a city in northern Italy, the capital of the region Veneto, a population of 271,367 . Together with Padua, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area . The city historically was an independent nation...
.
See also
- List of New Testament minuscules
- Biblical manuscript
A biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblion ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
- Textual criticism
Textual criticism is a branch of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification and removal of transcription errors in the texts of manuscripts...