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Mihai or Mihail Racovita (d. July 1744) was a Prince of Moldavia
Moldavia

Moldavia is a geographic and historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester river....
 on three separate occasions (September 1703-February 23, 1705; July 31, 1707-October 28, 1709; January 5, 1716-October 1726) and Prince
List of rulers of Wallachia

This is a List of rulers of Wallachia, from the first mention of a medieval polity situated between the Southern Carpathians and the Danube until the union with Moldavia in 1862, leading to the creation of Romania....
 of Wallachia
Wallachia

Wallachia or Walachia is a Historical regions of Romania and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Danube and south of the Southern Carpathians....
 on two occasions (between October 1730 and October 2, 1731, and from September 1741 until his death). His rules overlapped with the accession of Phanariotes
Phanariotes

Phanariotes, Phanariots, or Phanariote Greeks were members of those prominent Greeks families residing in Fener, the chief Greek quarter of Constantinople, where the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople is situated....
 in the Danubian Principalities
Danubian Principalities

Danubian Principalities was a conventional name given to the Principality of Moldavia and Wallachia, which emerged in the early 14th century. The term was coined in the Habsburg Monarchy after the Treaty of Kuchuk Kainarji in order to designate an area on the lower Danube with a common Geopolitics situation....
 - he is considered himself a Phanariote for the duration of his last rule in Moldavia and his rules over Wallachia.

cal boyar
Boyar

A boyar or bolyar was a member of the highest rank of the Feudalism Moscovy, Kievan Rusian, Bulgarian, Wallachian, and Moldavian Aristocracy, second only to the ruling knyazs , from the 10th century through the 17th century....
 of the Racovita House
Racovita

Racovita may refer to:* the Racovita family of Wallachian and Moldavian boyars and Phanariotesand to several places in Romania:* Racovita, Braila, a commune in Braila County...
 (and the father of Constantin Racovita
Constantin Racovita

Prince Constantin Racovita was twice monarch of Principality of Moldavia: 31 August 1749 - 3 July 1753 and 29 February 1756 - 14 March 1757; and also twice of Wallachia: July 1753 - c 28 February 1756 and 9 March 1763 - 28 January/8 February 1764....
), closely related to the Cantacuzino family
Cantacuzino family

The Cantacuzino family is an old boyar family of Wallachia which they claim to get their roots from the Byzantine Emperor John VI Cantacuzenus....
 and the son-in-law of Constantin Cantemir
Constantin Cantemir

Constantin Cantemir was a Moldavian Voivode between June 25, 1685 and March 27, 1693....
, Mihai Racovita was appointed ruler of Moldavia by Ahmed III
Ahmed III

Ahmed III was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and a son of Sultan Mehmed IV . His mother was Valide Sultan Mah-Para Ummatullah Rabia G?l-Nush, :tr:Emetullah Rabia G?lnus Sultan, originally named Evemia, a Greeks....
, the Sultan
Ottoman Dynasty

File:Barber cape.jpgThe Ottoman Dynasty ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1299 to 1922, beginning with Osman I , though the dynasty was not proclaimed until Orhan Bey declared himself sultan....
 of the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire , also known by its contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey , was an empire that lasted from 1299?1923. It was Treaty of Lausanne by the Republic of Turkey, which was officially proclaimed on October 29, 1923....
, but had to continue fighting off other candidates for the throne, as well as their boyar supporters.






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Mihai or Mihail Racovita (d. July 1744) was a Prince of Moldavia
Moldavia

Moldavia is a geographic and historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester river....
 on three separate occasions (September 1703-February 23, 1705; July 31, 1707-October 28, 1709; January 5, 1716-October 1726) and Prince
List of rulers of Wallachia

This is a List of rulers of Wallachia, from the first mention of a medieval polity situated between the Southern Carpathians and the Danube until the union with Moldavia in 1862, leading to the creation of Romania....
 of Wallachia
Wallachia

Wallachia or Walachia is a Historical regions of Romania and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Danube and south of the Southern Carpathians....
 on two occasions (between October 1730 and October 2, 1731, and from September 1741 until his death). His rules overlapped with the accession of Phanariotes
Phanariotes

Phanariotes, Phanariots, or Phanariote Greeks were members of those prominent Greeks families residing in Fener, the chief Greek quarter of Constantinople, where the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople is situated....
 in the Danubian Principalities
Danubian Principalities

Danubian Principalities was a conventional name given to the Principality of Moldavia and Wallachia, which emerged in the early 14th century. The term was coined in the Habsburg Monarchy after the Treaty of Kuchuk Kainarji in order to designate an area on the lower Danube with a common Geopolitics situation....
 - he is considered himself a Phanariote for the duration of his last rule in Moldavia and his rules over Wallachia.

Biography


First rules

A local boyar
Boyar

A boyar or bolyar was a member of the highest rank of the Feudalism Moscovy, Kievan Rusian, Bulgarian, Wallachian, and Moldavian Aristocracy, second only to the ruling knyazs , from the 10th century through the 17th century....
 of the Racovita House
Racovita

Racovita may refer to:* the Racovita family of Wallachian and Moldavian boyars and Phanariotesand to several places in Romania:* Racovita, Braila, a commune in Braila County...
 (and the father of Constantin Racovita
Constantin Racovita

Prince Constantin Racovita was twice monarch of Principality of Moldavia: 31 August 1749 - 3 July 1753 and 29 February 1756 - 14 March 1757; and also twice of Wallachia: July 1753 - c 28 February 1756 and 9 March 1763 - 28 January/8 February 1764....
), closely related to the Cantacuzino family
Cantacuzino family

The Cantacuzino family is an old boyar family of Wallachia which they claim to get their roots from the Byzantine Emperor John VI Cantacuzenus....
 and the son-in-law of Constantin Cantemir
Constantin Cantemir

Constantin Cantemir was a Moldavian Voivode between June 25, 1685 and March 27, 1693....
, Mihai Racovita was appointed ruler of Moldavia by Ahmed III
Ahmed III

Ahmed III was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and a son of Sultan Mehmed IV . His mother was Valide Sultan Mah-Para Ummatullah Rabia G?l-Nush, :tr:Emetullah Rabia G?lnus Sultan, originally named Evemia, a Greeks....
, the Sultan
Ottoman Dynasty

File:Barber cape.jpgThe Ottoman Dynasty ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1299 to 1922, beginning with Osman I , though the dynasty was not proclaimed until Orhan Bey declared himself sultan....
 of the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire , also known by its contemporaries as the Turkish Empire or Turkey , was an empire that lasted from 1299?1923. It was Treaty of Lausanne by the Republic of Turkey, which was officially proclaimed on October 29, 1923....
, but had to continue fighting off other candidates for the throne, as well as their boyar supporters. To counter these, the Prince relied on Greek
Greeks

The Greeks , also known as Hellenes, are a nation and ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus and neighbouring regions, who can also be found in Greek diaspora communities around the world....
 supporters: notably, his allies were the first members of the Rosetti family.

These conflics brought an increase in tax
Tax

To tax is to impose a financial charge or other levy upon an individual or Legal person by a state or the functional equivalent of a state.Taxes are also imposed by many subnational entity....
ation, as well as new fiscal demands. He was replaced by Antioh Cantemir
Antioh Cantemir

Antioh Cantemir , son of Constantin Cantemir and older brother of Dimitrie Cantemir , was a Moldavian Voivode between December 18 1695 and September 12 1700, and again from February 23 1705 to July 31 1707....
, who, by contrast, was seen as an exceptional ruler. Again on the throne, Racovita was deposed on orders from the Sultan, and recalled to Istanbul
Istanbul

Istanbul is the largest city in Turkey, List of metropolitan areas in Europe by population, and List of cities proper by population in the world with a population of 12.6 million....
 on pressures from Russia's Peter the Great
Peter I of Russia

Peter I the Great or Pyotr Alexeyevich Romanov ruled Russia and later the Russian Empire from until his death, jointly ruling before 1696 with his weak and sickly half-brother, Ivan V of Russia....
; he was replaced by Nicholas Mavrocordatos
Nicholas Mavrocordatos

Nicholas Mavrocordatos was a Greeks member of the Mavrocordatos family, Grand Dragoman to the Divan , and consequently the first Phanariote Hospodar of the Danubian Principalities - List of rulers of Moldavia of Moldavia, and List of rulers of Wallachia of Wallachia ....
.

He was returned to rule in Iasi
Iasi

Iasi , is a Cities in Romania and Municipality in Romania in north-eastern Romania. The city was the capital of Principality of Moldavia from the 16th century until 1861 and of Romania between 1916?1918 during World War I....
 upon the outbreak of the Austro-Turkish War
Austro-Turkish War of 1716-18

The Treaty of Karlowitz was not an acceptable long-standing agreement for the Ottoman Empire. Twelve years after Karlowitz, the Turks began the long prospect of taking revenge for their defeat at the Battle of Vienna in 1683....
, given his image as an enemy of the Habsburg Monarchy
Habsburg Monarchy

The Habsburg Monarchy covered the territories ruled by the junior Austria branch of the House of Habsburg , and then by the successor House of Habsburg-Lorraine , between 1526 and 1867/1918....
. When the Habsburg troops entered Moldavia, Racovita suffered heavy losses, and called on help from the Nogai Tatars
Nogais

The Nogai people are a Turkic peoples ethnic group in northern Dagestan and neighbouring areas of Chechnya and Stavropol Krai, who speak the Turkic languages Nogai language....
 in Yedisan
Yedisan

Yedisan is a historical region in modern southwestern Ukraine and southeastern Moldova . The region lies to the north of the Black Sea between the Dniester and Dnieper rivers....
. Subsequently, he was able to defeat the infiltrating forces, and had the Habsburg commander executed together with those boyars who had risen against him.

Transylvanian campaign and late rules

He was ordered by the Ottomans to pass into Transylvania
Transylvania

Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountains, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term frequently encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical regions of Crisana, Maramures, and Banat....
 with Nogai assistance, where he was to help Francis II Rákóczi
Francis II Rákóczi

File:Francisc rakoczi.jpgFerenc II R?k?czi Hungarian aristocrat, he was the leader of the Hungarian uprising against the Habsburgs in 1703-11 as the prince of the Estates Confederated for Liberty of the Kingdom of Hungary....
 in his anti-Habsburg rebellion; his campaign met fierce Habsburg resistance in Bistrita
Bistrita

Bistrita is the capital city of Bistrita-Nasaud County, Transylvania, Romania. It is situated on the Bistrita River . The city has a population of approximately 80,000 inhabitants....
, and his retreat was marked by another Habsburg invasion, as well as by the wide-scale plunder of boyar estates by the Nogais (allowed by Racovita as payment for their participation in combat). After the incident, he was ousted from the Moldavian throne after his rival Mavrocordatos appealed to the Sultan, was jailed and replaced with Grigore II Ghica
Grigore II Ghica

Grigore II Ghica family was Voivode of Moldavia at four different intervals - from October 1726 to April 16 1733, from November 27 1735 to 14 September 1739, from October 1739 to September 1741 and from May 1747 to April 1748 - and twice Voivode of Wallachia - April 16 1733 - November 27 1735 and April 1748 to September 3 1752....
.

In 1726, Racovita presided the Iasi trial of four Jews
History of the Jews in Romania

The history of Jews in Romania concerns the Jews of Romania and of Romanian origins, from their first mention on what is nowadays Romanian territory....
 from the Bessarabia
Bessarabia

Bessarabia is a historical term for the geographic entity in Eastern Europe bounded by the Dniester River on the east and the Prut River on the west....
n borough of Onitcani, who stood accused of having ritually murdered
Blood libel against Jews

Blood libels against Jews are false accusations that Jews use human blood in certain aspects of their religious rituals and religious holidays. Although the first known instance of blood libel against Jews was in the writings of Apion, an early 1st century Paganism Greeks-Egyptians who claimed that the Jews sacrificed Greek people victims in...
 a five-year old child on Easter
Easter

Easter is the most important religious feast in the Christianity liturgical year.Christians believe that Jesus was Resurrection of Jesus from the dead three days after his Crucifixion of Jesus, and celebrate this resurrection on Easter Day or Easter Sunday , two days after Good Friday....
. The defendants were eventually acquitted
Acquittal

In criminal law, an acquittal is a verdict of not guilty, or some similar end of the proceeding that terminates it with prejudice without a verdict of Guilt y being entered against the accused....
 following diplomatic protests (notably, the French
France

France , officially the French Republic , is a country whose Metropolitan France is located in Western Europe and that also comprises various Overseas departments and territories of France....
 ambassador to the Porte, Jean-Baptiste Louis Picon, remarked that such an accusation was no longer accepted in "civilized countries").

His ascension to the throne in Bucharest
Bucharest

Bucharest is the capital city, industrial and commercial centre of Romania. It is the largest city in Romania, located in the southeast of the country, at , and lies on the banks of the D?mbovita River....
 came in the context of Patrona Halil
Patrona Halil

Patrona Halil Isyani , an Albanians and attendant in a hammam in the Ottoman Empire capital of Istanbul, was the instigator of a mob uprising in 1730 which replaced Ottoman Dynasty Ahmed III with Mahmud I....
's Ottoman rebellion, which had toppled Ahmed III and brought Mahmud I
Mahmud I

Mahmud I , called the Hunchback was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1730 to 1754. He was born at Edirne Palace the son of Mustafa II and his mother was Valide Sultan Saliha Sabkati, :tr:Saliha Sultan....
 as Sultan; Halil's downfall in the following year almost brought about Racovita's, but he successfully furnished the Porte
Porte

Ottoman Porte used to refer to the Divan of the Ottoman Empire where government policies were established....
 with income provided by raised taxes. He died in Istanbul.