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The
petroleum industryThe petroleum industry includes the global processes of exploration, extraction, refining, transporting , and marketing petroleum products. The largest volume products of the industry are fuel oil and gasoline...
is usually divided into three major components: upstream, midstream and downstream. Midstream operations are usually included in the downstream category.
The
midstream industry processes, stores, markets and transports commodities such as crude oil,
natural gasNatural gas is a naturally occurring gas mixture consisting primarily of methane, typically with 0–20% higher hydrocarbons . It is found associated with other hydrocarbon fuel, in coal beds, as methane clathrates, and is an important fuel source and a major feedstock for fertilizers.Most natural...
, natural gas liquids (NGLs), and
Liquefied Natural GasLiquefied natural gas or LNG is natural gas that has been converted temporarily to liquid form for ease of storage or transport....
(LNGs, mainly
ethaneEthane is a chemical compound with chemical formula C2H6. It is the only two-carbon alkane that is an aliphatic hydrocarbon. At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colorless, odorless gas....
,
propanePropane is a three-carbon alkane with the molecular formula , normally a gas, but compressible to a transportable liquid. A by-product of natural gas processing and petroleum refining, it is commonly used as a fuel for engines, oxy-gas torches, barbecues, portable stoves, and residential central...
, and
butaneButane is a gas with the formula C4H10 that is an alkane with four carbon atoms. The term may refer to any of two structural isomers, or to a mixture of them: in the IUPAC nomenclature, however, butane refers only to the unbranched n-butane isomer; the other one being called "methylpropane" or...
) and sulphur.
See also
- Upstream (petroleum industry)
- Downstream (petroleum industry)
- Oil production plant
An oil production plant is a facility which performs processing of production fluids from oil wells in order to separate out key components and prepare them for export. This is distinct from an oil depot, which do not have processing facilities.Typical production fluids are a mixture of oil, gas...