Mexican general election, 2000

General elections were held in Mexico

Mexico

The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...

 on 6 July 2000. The presidential elections were won by Vicente Fox

Vicente Fox

Vicente Fox Quesada is a Mexican former politician who served as President of Mexico from 1 December 2000 to 30 November 2006 and currently serves as co-President of the Centrist Democrat International, an international organization of Christian democratic political parties.Fox was elected...

 of the Alliance for Change, who received 43.4% of the vote, the first time the opposition had won an election since the Mexican Revolution

Mexican Revolution

The Mexican Revolution was a major armed struggle that started in 1910, with an uprising led by Francisco I. Madero against longtime autocrat Porfirio Díaz. The Revolution was characterized by several socialist, liberal, anarchist, populist, and agrarianist movements. Over time the Revolution...

. In the Congressional elections the Alliance for Change emerged as the largest faction in the Chamber of Deputies with 224 of the 500 seats, whilst the Institutional Revolutionary Party

Institutional Revolutionary Party

The Institutional Revolutionary Party is a Mexican political party that held power in the country—under a succession of names—for more than 70 years. The PRI is a member of the Socialist International, as is the rival Party of the Democratic Revolution , making Mexico one of the few...

 remained the largest faction in the Senate with 60 of the 128 seats in the Senate. Voter turnout was between 63 and 64% in the elections.

Presidential election

Despite some isolated incidents of irregularities and problems, such as one in the southern state of Campeche which involved the European Union

European Union

The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...

 electoral observer Rocco Buttiglione

Rocco Buttiglione

Rocco Buttiglione is an Italian Christian Democrat politician and an academic.His nomination for a post as European Commissioner with a portfolio that was to include civil liberties, resulted in controversy as some political groups opposed him for his Roman Catholic views on homosexuality, despite...

 and which could have created problems for President Ernesto Zedillo

Ernesto Zedillo

Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León is a Mexican economist and politician. He served as President of Mexico from December 1, 1994 to November 30, 2000, as the last of the uninterrupted seventy year line of Mexican presidents from the Institutional Revolutionary Party...

 had the PRI candidate won, there was little evidence that those incidents were centrally coordinated (as opposed to led by local PRI officials) and critics concluded that the irregularities that occurred did not alter the outcome of the presidential vote, which was more definitive than expected. Civic organizations fielded more than 80,000 trained electoral observers, foreign observers were invited to witness the process, and numerous "quick count" operations and exit polls (not all of them independent) validated the official vote tabulation. The largest exit poll was organized by the U.S. firm Penn, Schoen & Berland

Penn, Schoen & Berland

Penn, Schoen Berland is a market research, political polling and strategic consulting firm with American offices in New York, Washington, Denver, Seattle, Los Angeles, Austin, and San Francisco, and international offices in London, Hong Kong, Beijing, Dubai, and Delhi. The firm was founded in 1975...

, financed by a hitherto obscure outfit in Dallas called Democracy Watch (later it emerged that Democracy Watch was essentially set up by Fox campaign insiders to help prevent an expected election fraud).

Numerous electoral reforms implemented since 1989 aided in the opening of the Mexican political system, and since then opposition parties made historic gains in elections at all levels. The chief electoral concerns shifted from outright fraud to campaign fairness issues and, between 1995 and 1996, the political parties negotiated constitutional amendments to address these issues. The legislation implemented included major points of consensus that had been worked out with the opposition parties. Under the new laws, public financing predominated over private contributions to political parties, procedures for auditing parties were tightened, and the authority and independence of the electoral institutions were strengthened. The court system was also given greatly expanded authority to hear civil rights cases on electoral matters brought by individuals or groups. In short, the extensive reform efforts of the 1990s "leveled the playing field" for the parties.

Candidate	Party	Votes	%
Vicente Fox Quesada	Alliance for Change	15,989,636	42.52
Francisco Labastida Ochoa	Institutional Revolutionary Party Institutional Revolutionary Party The Institutional Revolutionary Party is a Mexican political party that held power in the country—under a succession of names—for more than 70 years. The PRI is a member of the Socialist International, as is the rival Party of the Democratic Revolution , making Mexico one of the few...	13,579,718	36.11
Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano is a prominent Mexican politician. He was a former Head of Government of the Federal District and a founder of the Party of the Democratic Revolution .-Biography:...	Alliance for Mexico Alliance for Mexico The Alliance for Mexico is the name of two different multi-party electoral alliances in Mexico; one from 2000 and the other from 2006.-2000 elections:...	6,256,780	16.64
Gilberto Rincón Gallardo Gilberto Rincón Gallardo Gilberto Rincón Gallardo y Meltis was a Mexican politician, activist and former presidential candidate.-Biography:...	Social Democracy Social Democracy (Mexico) Social Democracy was a Mexican political party formed in June 1999 and disbanded after the 2000 federal elections....	592,381	1.58
Manuel Camacho Solís Manuel Camacho Solís Manuel Camacho Solís is a Mexican politician who served in the cabinets of presidents Miguel de la Madrid and Carlos Salinas...	Party of the Democratic Center	206,589	0.55
Porfirio Muñoz Ledo Porfirio Muñoz Ledo Porfirio Alejandro Muñoz Ledo y Lazo de la Vega is a Mexican politician. He is one of the founders of the Party of the Democratic Revolution ....	Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution The Authentic Party of Mexican Revolution is a Mexican political party, that existed from 1955 to 2000. PARM was generally considered a satellite party of the governing Institutional Revolutionary Party ....	156,896	0.42
Other candidates		30,461	0.1
Invalid/blank votes		788,157	–
Total		37,601,618	100
Source: Nohlen

Results by state

Based on the official results of the Federal Electoral Institute

Federal Electoral Institute

The Federal Electoral Institute is an autonomous, public organization responsible for organizing federal elections in Mexico, that is, those related to the election of the President of the United Mexican States and to the election of the members of the Lower and Upper Chambers that constitute the ...

State States of Mexico The United Mexican States is a federal republic formed by 32 federal entities .According to the Constitution of 1917, the states of the federation are free and sovereign. Each state has their own congress and constitution, while the Federal District has only limited autonomy with a local Congress...	Fox Vicente Fox Vicente Fox Quesada is a Mexican former politician who served as President of Mexico from 1 December 2000 to 30 November 2006 and currently serves as co-President of the Centrist Democrat International, an international organization of Christian democratic political parties.Fox was elected...	Labastida Francisco Labastida Francisco Labastida Ochoa is a Mexican economist and politician affiliated to the Institutional Revolutionary Party , who became the first presidential candidate of his party to lose a presidential election, which he did in the 2000 presidential election to Vicente Fox.He was born to Gloria Ochoa...	Cárdenas Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano is a prominent Mexican politician. He was a former Head of Government of the Federal District and a founder of the Party of the Democratic Revolution .-Biography:...	Rincón Gilberto Rincón Gallardo Gilberto Rincón Gallardo y Meltis was a Mexican politician, activist and former presidential candidate.-Biography:...	Camacho Manuel Camacho Solís Manuel Camacho Solís is a Mexican politician who served in the cabinets of presidents Miguel de la Madrid and Carlos Salinas...	Muñoz Porfirio Muñoz Ledo Porfirio Alejandro Muñoz Ledo y Lazo de la Vega is a Mexican politician. He is one of the founders of the Party of the Democratic Revolution ....	Write-in	None
Aguascalientes Aguascalientes Aguascalientes is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 11 municipalities and its capital city is Aguascalientes....	202,335	127,134	26,264	9,467	2,202	1,389	83	6,291
Baja California Baja California Baja California officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Baja California is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is both the northernmost and westernmost state of Mexico. Before becoming a state in 1953, the area was known as the North...	429,194	319,477	77,340	14,562	3,470	3,080	507	14,965
Baja California Sur Baja California Sur Baja California Sur , is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. Before becoming a state on October 8, 1974, the area was known as the South Territory of Baja California. It has an area of , or 3.57% of the land mass of Mexico and comprises...	60,834	56,230	45,229	2,107	460	364	17	2,804
Campeche Campeche Campeche is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. Located in Southeast Mexico, it is bordered by the states of Yucatán to the north east, Quintana Roo to the east, and Tabasco to the south west...	104,498	106,347	35,090	2,485	1,406	1,247	559	9,309
Chiapas Chiapas Chiapas officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Chiapas is one of the 31 states that, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 118 municipalities and its capital city is Tuxtla Gutierrez. Other important cites in Chiapas include San Cristóbal de las...	288,204	469,392	272,182	5,340	4,659	4,063	1,056	44,551
Chihuahua	549,177	460,931	76,810	11,569	4,487	3,166	609	21,350
Coahuila Coahuila Coahuila, formally Coahuila de Zaragoza , officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Coahuila de Zaragoza is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico...	398,800	311,480	77,393	10,392	2,111	1,880	1,454	12,464
Colima Colima Colima is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, make up the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It shares its name with its capital and main city, Colima....	106,445	81,099	23,313	3,159	1,028	542	39	4,377
Distrito Federal	1,928,035	1,060,227	1,146,131	149,312	36,383	18,843	2,009	75,669
Durango Durango Durango officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Durango is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. The state is located in Northwest Mexico. With a population of 1,632,934, it has Mexico's second-lowest population density, after Baja...	211,361	222,892	50,592	6,144	1,579	1,469	859	9,294
Guanajuato Guanajuato Guanajuato officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Guanajuato is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 46 municipalities and its capital city is Guanajuato....	1,128,780	517,815	121,489	18,248	10,800	8,473	2,873	49,039
Guerrero Guerrero Guerrero officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Guerrero is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 81 municipalities and its capital city is Chilpancingo....	174,962	402,091	332,091	6,179	2,913	3,003	954	20,180
Hidalgo	282,864	355,565	136,861	12,319	5,034	4,078	758	19,997
Jalisco Jalisco Jalisco officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Jalisco is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is located in Western Mexico and divided in 125 municipalities and its capital city is Guadalajara.It is one of the more important states...	1,392,535	941,962	163,269	45,494	17,567	11,110	3,287	48,736
México Mexico (state) México , officially: Estado Libre y Soberano de México is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of the United Mexican States. It is divided in 125 municipalities and its capital city is Toluca de Lerdo....	2,239,750	1,637,714	961,876	121,137	40,733	27,203	3,416	92,743
Michoacán Michoacán Michoacán officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Michoacán de Ocampo is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 113 municipalities and its capital city is Morelia...	419,188	441,871	543,804	13,058	7,444	6,404	2,060	30,448
Morelos Morelos Morelos officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Morelos is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 33 municipalities and its capital city is Cuernavaca....	290,639	193,861	124,368	12,539	2,916	3,010	136	12,296
Nayarit Nayarit Nayarit officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Nayarit is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 20 municipalities and its capital city is Tepic.It is located in Western Mexico...	107,417	173,479	63,121	3,092	1,175	1,024	351	7,043
Nuevo León Nuevo León Nuevo León It is located in Northeastern Mexico. It is bordered by the states of Tamaulipas to the north and east, San Luis Potosí to the south, and Coahuila to the west. To the north, Nuevo León has a 15 kilometer stretch of the U.S.-Mexico border adjacent to the U.S...	760,093	615,907	96,637	20,448	7,478	2,658	1,519	27,201
Oaxaca Oaxaca Oaxaca , , officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Oaxaca is one of the 31 states which, along with the Federal District, comprise the 32 federative entities of Mexico. It is divided into 571 municipalities; of which 418 are governed by the system of customs and traditions...	301,195	486,496	282,587	11,074	8,372	7,305	1,851	39,616
Puebla Puebla Puebla officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Puebla is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 217 municipalities and its capital city is Puebla....	732,435	698,974	208,688	20,170	8,609	7,849	1,142	44,305
Querétaro Querétaro Querétaro officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Querétaro de Arteaga is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 18 municipalities and its capital city is Santiago de Querétaro....	290,977	192,622	39,629	10,585	3,768	8,670	170	13,849
Quintana Roo Quintana Roo Quintana Roo officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Quintana Roo is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 10 municipalities and its capital city is Chetumal....	132,383	94,202	50,487	2,399	916	729	70	5,216
San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí officially Estado Libre y Soberano de San Luis Potosí is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 58 municipalities and its capital city is San Luis Potosí....	393,997	324,234	72,599	11,073	3,306	2,287	407	22,673
Sinaloa Sinaloa Sinaloa officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Sinaloa is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 18 municipalities and its capital city is Culiacán Rosales....	230,777	621,329	90,488	7,205	2,189	1,675	1,290	15,920
Sonora Sonora Sonora officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Sonora is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 72 municipalities; the capital city is Hermosillo....	447,496	292,267	114,580	6,426	1,672	1,325	94	13,269
Tabasco Tabasco Tabasco officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Tabasco is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 17 municipalities and its capital city is Villahermosa....	174,840	269,519	213,983	5,817	2,599	1,732	655	14,036
Tamaulipas Tamaulipas Tamaulipas officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Tamaulipas is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 43 municipalities and its capital city is Ciudad Victoria. The capital city was named after Guadalupe Victoria, the...	521,486	445,737	91,426	9,387	3,210	6,932	1,157	19,659
Tlaxcala Tlaxcala Tlaxcala officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Tlaxcala is one of the 31 states which along with the Federal District comprise the 32 federative entities of Mexico. It is divided into 60 municipalities and its capital city is Tlaxcala....	123,880	127,163	82,073	5,185	2,508	1,450	53	6,639
Veracruz Veracruz Veracruz, formally Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave , is one of the 31 states that, along with the Federal District, comprise the 32 federative entities of Mexico. It is divided in 212 municipalities and its capital city is...	1,066,719	1,008,933	491,791	25,474	11,343	10,956	985	58,630
Yucatán Yucatán Yucatán officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Yucatán is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 106 municipalities and its capital city is Mérida....	328,503	321,392	27,214	4,258	1,344	987	602	13,127
Zacatecas Zacatecas Zacatecas officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Zacatecas is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 58 municipalities and its capital city is Zacatecas....	169,837	197,336	117,375	6,277	2,908	1,993	439	12,461
Total	15,989,636	13,579,718	6,256,780	592,381	206,589	156,896	31,461	788,157

Senate

17

Party	Constituency		PR Proportional representation Proportional representation is a concept in voting systems used to elect an assembly or council. PR means that the number of seats won by a party or group of candidates is proportionate to the number of votes received. For example, under a PR voting system if 30% of voters support a particular...		Seats	+/-
	Votes	%	Votes	%
Alliance for Change	14,208,973	38.1	14,339,963	38.2	60
Institutional Revolutionary Party Institutional Revolutionary Party The Institutional Revolutionary Party is a Mexican political party that held power in the country—under a succession of names—for more than 70 years. The PRI is a member of the Socialist International, as is the rival Party of the Democratic Revolution , making Mexico one of the few...	13,699,799	36.7	13,755,787	36.7	51
Alliance for Mexico Alliance for Mexico The Alliance for Mexico is the name of two different multi-party electoral alliances in Mexico; one from 2000 and the other from 2006.-2000 elections:...	7,027,944	18.9	7,027,994	18.8	16
Social Democracy Social Democracy (Mexico) Social Democracy was a Mexican political party formed in June 1999 and disbanded after the 2000 federal elections....	669,725	1.8	676,388	1.8	0	New
Democratic Central Party	521,178	1.4	523,569	1.4	1	New
Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution The Authentic Party of Mexican Revolution is a Mexican political party, that existed from 1955 to 2000. PARM was generally considered a satellite party of the governing Institutional Revolutionary Party ....	275,051	0.7	276,109	0.7	0	New
Non-registered candidates	31,079	0.1	30,892	0.1	0	–
Invalid/blank votes	852,106	–	854,459	–	–	–
Total	37,285,855	100	37,534,641	100	128	0
Source: Nohlen

Chamber of Deputies

95

Party	Constituency		PR Proportional representation Proportional representation is a concept in voting systems used to elect an assembly or council. PR means that the number of seats won by a party or group of candidates is proportionate to the number of votes received. For example, under a PR voting system if 30% of voters support a particular...		Seats	+/-
	Votes	%	Votes	%
Alliance for Change	14,212,476	38.2	14,323,649	38.2	224
Institutional Revolutionary Party Institutional Revolutionary Party The Institutional Revolutionary Party is a Mexican political party that held power in the country—under a succession of names—for more than 70 years. The PRI is a member of the Socialist International, as is the rival Party of the Democratic Revolution , making Mexico one of the few...	13,720,453	36.9	13,800,306	36.9	208
Alliance for Mexico Alliance for Mexico The Alliance for Mexico is the name of two different multi-party electoral alliances in Mexico; one from 2000 and the other from 2006.-2000 elections:...	6,948,204	18.7	6,990,143	18.7	65
Social Democracy Social Democracy (Mexico) Social Democracy was a Mexican political party formed in June 1999 and disbanded after the 2000 federal elections....	698,683	1.9	703,532	1.9	0	New
Democratic Central Party	428,577	1.2	430,812	1.2	4	New
Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution The Authentic Party of Mexican Revolution is a Mexican political party, that existed from 1955 to 2000. PARM was generally considered a satellite party of the governing Institutional Revolutionary Party ....	272,425	0.7	273,615	0.7	0	New
Other parties	30,380	0.1	30,452	0.1	0	–
Invalid/blank votes	863,262	–	868,516	–	–	–
Total	37,174,460	100	37,421,025	100	500	0
Source: Nohlen