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Mexican Army
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The Mexican Army (Spanish: Ejército mexicano) is the land branch and largest of the Mexican Military services; it also is known as the National Defence Army. It is famous for having been the first army to adopt and use an automatic rifle (The Mondragón rifle) in 1899, and the first to issue automatic weapons as standard issue weapons, in 1910. In September 2007 the Secretary of Defense reported that the Mexican Army consisted of 1,181,356 men and women serving (ca.

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The Mexican Army (Spanish: Ejército mexicano) is the land branch and largest of the Mexican Military services; it also is known as the National Defence Army. It is famous for having been the first army to adopt and use an automatic rifle (The Mondragón rifle) in 1899, and the first to issue automatic weapons as standard issue weapons, in 1910. In September 2007 the Secretary of Defense reported that the Mexican Army consisted of 1,181,356 men and women serving (ca. 0.16 per cent of the population), but the IISS Military Balance 2007 listed the active duty force as 183,700.
Since the early 2000s the Army has steadily modernised to become competitive with the armies of other Latin American countries. An interesting proof of the Army's increased budget is domestic production of the new FX-05 Assault Rifle.
Organization
The Army is under authority of the National Defense Secretariat or SEDENA. It has three components: a national headquarters, territorial commands, and independent units. The Minister of Defence commands the Army via a centralized command system and many general officers. The Army uses a modified continental staff system in its headquarters.
The Mexican Air Force is a branch of the Mexican Army.
Regional organization
México is divided into twelve Military Regions composed of forty-four sub-ordinate Military Zones [the 2007 ed. of the IISS lists 12 regions, 45 zones], the enumeration is for nominal designation. There is no fixed number of zones in a region, therefore operational needs determine how many or how few, with corresponding increases and decreases in troop strength.
Usually on the secretary of defence's recommendation. The senior zone commander also is commander of the military region containing the military zone. A military zone commander has jurisdiction over every unit operating in his territory, including the Rurales (Rural Defense Force) that occasionally have been Federal political counterweight to the power of state governors. Zone commanders provide the national defence secretary with socio-political conditions intelligence about rural areas. Moreover, they traditionally have acted in co-ordination with the Secretariat of National Defense (SEDENA) on planning and resources deployment.
| Military Region | Headquarter city | States in Region |
|---|
| I | México, D.F. | Distrito Federal, Hidalgo, Estado de México, Morelos | | II | Mexicali, Baja California | Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora | | III | Mazatlan, Sinaloa | Sinaloa, Durango | | IV | Monterrey, Nuevo Leon | Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas | | V | Guadalajara, Jalisco | Aguascalientes, Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit, Zacatecas | | VI | Veracruz, Veracruz | Puebla, Tlaxcala, central and northern Veracruz | | VII | Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas | Chiapas, Tabasco | | VIII | Ixcotel, Oaxaca | Oaxaca, southern Veracruz | | IX | Cumbres de Llano Largo, Guerrero | Guerrero | | X | Mérida, Yucatan | Campeche, Quintana Roo, Yucatán | | XI | Torreón, Coahuila | Chihuahua, Coahuila | | XII | Irapuato, Guanajuato | Guanajuato, Michoacán, Querétaro |
Zones
| Zona Militar | Ubicación | Región Militar |
|---|
| 1a | Tacubaya, D.F. | I | | 2a | Tijuana, B.C. | II | | 3a | La Paz, B.C.S. | II | | 4a | Hermosillo, Son. | II | | 5a | Chihuahua, Chih. | XI | | 6a | Saltillo, Coah. | XI | | 7a | Escobedo, N.L. | IV | | 8a | Reynosa, Tamps. | IV | | 9a | Culiacan, Sin. | III | | 10a | Durango, Dgo. | III | | 11a | Guadalupe, Zac. | V | | 12a | San Luis Potosi, S.L.P. | IV | | 13a | Tepic, Nay. | V | | 14a | Aguascalientes, Ags. | V | | 15a | La Mojonera, Jal. | V | | 16a | Sarabia, Gto. | XII | | 17a | Queretaro, Qro. | XII | | 18a | Pachuca, Hgo. | I | | 19a | Tuxpan, Ver. | VI | | 20a | Colima, Col. | V | | 21a | Morelia, Mich. | XII | | 22a | Toluca, Mex. | I | | 23a | Panotla, Tlax. | VI | |
| Zona Militar | Ubicación | Región Militar |
|---|
| 24a | Tehuacán, Pue. | VI | | 25a | Puebla, Pue. | VI | | 26a | El Lencero, Ver. | VI | | 27a | Ticui, Gro. | IX | | 28a | Ixcotel, Oax. | VIII | | 29a | Minatitlan, Ver. | VIII | | 30a | Villahermosa, Tab | VII | | 31a | Rancho Nuevo, Chis. | VII | | 32a | Valladolid, Yuc. | X | | 33a | Campeche, Camp. | X | | 34a | Chetumal, Q.R. | X | | 35a | Chilpancingo, Gro. | IX | | 36a | Tapachula, Chis. | VII | | 37a | Santa Lucia, Mex. | I | | 38a | Tenosique, Tab. | VII | | 39a | Ocosingo, Chis. | VII | | 40a | Guerrero Negro, B.C.S. | II | | 41a | Puerto Vallarta, Jal. | V | | 42a | Hidalgo del Parral, Chih. | XI | | 43a | Apatzingan, Mich. | XII | | 44a | Miahuatlan, Oax. | VIII | | 45a | Nogales, Son. | II |
Tactical units
The primary units of the Mexican army are six brigades and a number of independent regiments and infantry battalions.
The Brigades, all based in and around the Federal District (encompassing the Mexico City area), are the only real maneuver elements in the army. With their support units, they are believed to account for over 40 percent of the country's ground forces. According to The Military Balance, published by the International Institute for Strategic Studies in Oklahoma City, the army has six brigades: one armored, two infantry, one motorized infantry, one airborne, and the Presidential Guard Brigade. The Third military police brigade was transferred to the Federal Preventive Police in 2008. The armored brigade is one of two new brigades formed since 1990 as part of a reorganization made possible by an increase in overall strength of about 25,000 troops. The brigade consists of three armored and one mechanized infantry regiment.
Distinct from the brigade formations are independent regiments (all regiments are battalion sized) and battalions assigned to zonal garrisons. These independent units consist of one armored cavalry regiment, nineteen motorized cavalry regiments, one mechanized infantry regiment, seven artillery regiments, and three artillery and eighteen infantry battalions. Infantry battalions are small and are each composed of approximately 300 troops, generally are deployed in each zone. Certain zones also are assigned an additional motorized cavalry regiment or one of the seven artillery regiments. Smaller detachments often are detailed to patrol more inaccessible areas of the countryside, helping to maintain order and resolve disputes.
Garrisons
| Garrisons (Guarnición Militar) |
|---|
| El Ciprés, B.C. | | Tecate, B.C. | | San Felipe, B.C. | San Luis Río Colorado, Son. | | Agua Prieta, Son. | | Sonoyta, Son. | | Cd. Juárez, Chih. | | Ojinaga, Chih. | | Palomas, Chih. | | Cd. Acuña, Coah. | | Piedras Negras, Coah. | | Nuevo Laredo, Tamps. | | Matamoros, Tamps. | | Manzanillo, Col. | | Lázaro Cárdenas, Mich. | | Puerto Escondido, Oax. | | Coatzacoalcos, Ver. | | San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chis. | | Cozumel, Q. Roo. | | Cancún, Q. Roo. | | Palenque, Chis. | | Comitán de Domínguez, Chis. | | Melaque, Jal. |
Special Forces
Equipment
Vehicles and other land equipment
It is unknown now, but Mexico had a variety of WWII vehicles in the mid 90's. They had M3 & M5 Stuarts & that tank's variant, the M8 SPG. They also had M8 Greyhounds & M2A1 Halftracks. All those vehicle's fates are unknown. The Stuarts, M8 SPG, & M8 Greyhounds were used with the Mexican 12th cavalry regiment in Chiapas, during the fight with the Zapatista Army of National Liberation. Some of these vehicles bore the brunt of the Zapatist-attack in 1994 until reinforcments arrived.
Active combat equipment of The Mexican Army
Assault rifles
Regular Infantry
Special Forces
Ceremonial
Submachine guns
Shotguns
Machine guns
Sniper rifles
- Heckler & Koch MSG90 7.62x51mm NATO sniper rifle.
- Barrett M82 .50 Caliber 12.7×99mm NATO sniper rifle
- M24 Sniper Weapon System 7.62x51mm NATO sniper rifle
Pistols
- FN Five-seven 5.7x28mm standard armor piercing pistol
- Beretta 92 9x19mm or 10x22mm .40 S&W side arm
- Glock pistol .45 ACP or 9x19mm side arm used by some infantry and military police units
- Corner Shot system. In use for Special Force.
Grenade Launchers
Anti-tank missile systems
Anti-tank gun
Anti-tank rocket weapon system
- B-300 82 mm light anti-tank rocket
- M72 LAW
- Blindcide 83 mm light anti-tank rocket
- AT4
Artillery
Mortars
- Brandt 60 mm LR Gun-mortar (1,561)
- M1/M29 81 mm (330)
- Brandt 120 mm (75)
See also
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