Medieval art

Medieval Art

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Medieval art

Medieval art covers a vast scope of time and place, over 1000 years of art history

Art history

Art history has historically been understood as the academic study of objects of art in their historical development and stylistic contexts, i.e.genre, design, format, and look.This includes the "major" arts of painting, sculpture, and architecture as well as the "minor" arts of ceramics, furniture, and other decorative objects....
in Europe

Western art history

Also see articles: History of painting, Western paintingWestern Art' redirects here. For art of the American West, see Artists of the American West...
, the Middle East, and North Africa

Islamic art

File:Caucasian panel.jpgIslamic art encompasses the arts produced from the 7th century onwards by people who lived within the territory that was inhabited by culturally Islamic populations....
. It includes major art movements and periods, national and regional art, genres, revivals, the artists crafts, and the artists themselves.

Art historians classify Medieval art into major periods and movements.

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Overview

Medieval art in Europe grew out of the artistic heritage of the Roman Empire and the legacy of the early Christian church

Christian Church

Christian Church and the word church are used to denote both a Christian Groups of people and a Church . The word church is usually, but not exclusively, associated with Christianity....
. These sources were mixed with the vigorous "Barbarian" artistic culture of Northern Europe to produce a remarkable artistic legacy. Indeed the history of medieval art can be seen as the history of the interplay between the elements of classical, early Christian and "pagan" art.

Major art movements

Art in the Middle Ages is a broad subject and art historians traditionally look at it based on about eight large-scale movements, or periods.

Early Christian art covers the period from about 200 (before which no distinct Christian form survives), until onset of a fully Byzantine style in about 500. During this period Christian artists adopted the Roman crafts of painting, mosaic, carving and metalwork.

Byzantine art
Byzantine art

Byzantine art is the term commonly used to describe the artistic products of the Byzantine Empire from about the 4th century until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453....
emerges from what we call Early Christian art in about 500. During the Byzantine iconoclasm period of 730-843 when the vast majority of icon
Icon

An 'icon' is a religious work of art, most commonly a painting, from Eastern Christianity. More broadly the term is used in a wide number of contexts for an image, picture, or representation; it is a sign or likeness that stands for an object by signifying or representing it either concretely or by analogy, as in semiotics; by extension, ...
s (artwork with figures) was destroyed; so little remains that today any discovery sheds new understanding. After the resumption of icon production in 843 until 1453 the Byzantine art tradition continued with relatively few changes, despite, or because of, the slow decline of the Empire. It is often the finest art of the Middle Ages in terms of quality of material and workmanship, with production centered on Constantinople
Constantinople

Constantinople was the empire capital of the Roman Empire , the Byzantine Empire , the Latin Empire , and the Ottoman Empire . Strategically located between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara at the point where Europe meets Asia, Byzantine Constantinople had been the capital of a Christendom empire, successor to ancient ancient Greece...
. Byzantine art's crowning achievement were the monumental frescos and mosaics inside domed churches, most of which have not survived due to natural disasters and the appropriation of churches to mosques.

Insular art
Insular art

Insular art, also known as the Hiberno-Saxon style, is the style of art produced in the sub-Roman Britain of the British Isles, and the term is also used in relation to the Insular script used at the time....
refers to the distinct style found in Ireland and Britain from about the 7th century, to about the 10th century, and later in Ireland. The style saw a fusion between the traditions of Celtic art
Celtic art

Celtic art is art associated with various people known as Celts; those who spoke the Celtic languages in Europe from pre-history through to the modern period, as well as the art of ancient people whose language is unknown, but where cultural and stylistic similarities suggest they are related to Celts....
and the Germanic Migration period art
Migration Period art

Migration Period art is the artwork of Germanic peoples during the Migration period of 300 to 900. It includes the Migration art of the Germanic tribes on the continent, as well the Hiberno-Saxon art of the Anglo-Saxon and Celtic fusion in the British Isles....
of the Anglo-Saxons
Anglo-Saxons

Anglo-Saxons is the term usually used to describe the invading tribes in the south and east of Great Britain starting from the early 5th century AD, and their creation of the English nation, lasting until the Norman conquest of England of 1066....
in the production of books, high cross
High cross

File:Cloncha cross church.jpgA high cross is a free-standing Christianity cross made of stone and often richly decorated. They were raised primarily in Ireland, Great Britain and Scandinavia during the Early Middle Ages and sometimes later....
es and other objects of Christian art. The style was transmitted to the continent by the Hiberno-Scottish mission
Hiberno-Scottish mission

Irish people and Scottish people missionaries were instrumental in the spread of Christianity in Anglo-Saxon England and the Frankish Empire during the 6th and 7th centuries....
, and its anti-classical energy was extremely important in the formation of later medieval styles.

Migration Period art
Migration Period art

Migration Period art is the artwork of Germanic peoples during the Migration period of 300 to 900. It includes the Migration art of the Germanic tribes on the continent, as well the Hiberno-Saxon art of the Anglo-Saxon and Celtic fusion in the British Isles....
describes the art of Germanic and Eastern-European peoples on the move during the Migration Period from about 300-900, also including the early Hiberno-Saxon period in Britain and Ireland. These influence interacted with Christian art, as well as the Animal style
Animal style

Animal style art, is characterized by its emphasis on animal and bird themes, and the term describes an approach to decoration which existed from China to Ireland in the early Iron Age, and the barbarian art of the Migrations Period....
and Polychrome style.

Islamic art
Islamic art

File:Caucasian panel.jpgIslamic art encompasses the arts produced from the 7th century onwards by people who lived within the territory that was inhabited by culturally Islamic populations....
during the Middle Ages covers a wide variety of crafts including illustrated manuscripts, textiles, ceramics, metalwork and glass. It refers to the art of Muslim peoples in the Near East, Islamic Spain, and Northern Africa. There was an early formative stage from 600-900 and the development of regional styles from 900 onwards.

Pre-Romanesque art
Pre-Romanesque art

Pre-Romanesque art and architecture is the period in Western European art from either the emergence of the Merovingian kingdom in about 500 or from the Carolingian Renaissance in the late 8th century, to the beginning of the 11th century Romanesque art period....
is the period from the crowning of Charlemagne in 800 to the start of the Romanesque period in the 11th century. It includes Carolingian art
Carolingian art

Carolingian art is the roughly 120-year period from about Anno Domini 780 to 900 — during the reign of Charlemagne and his immediate heirs — popularly known as the Carolingian Renaissance....
, Ottonian art
Ottonian art

In Pre-Romanesque art Germany, the prevailing style was what has come to be known as Ottonian art. With Ottonian architecture, it is a key component of the Ottonian Renaissance named for the emperors Otto I, Otto II, and Otto III....
(Germany), Anglo-Saxon art
Anglo-Saxon art

File:Sutton.Hoo.ShoulderClasp2.RobRoy.jpgFile:Meister des Benedictionale des Heiligen Aethelwold 001.jpgFile:CaedmonManuscriptPage46Illust.jpgFile:Hedda Stone.JPG...
(England), as well as the art of France, Italy and Spain. During this period Roman classical influences are actively absorbed and Carolingian art becomes the seed from which would later emerge Romanesque and Gothic art.

Romanesque art
Romanesque art

Romanesque art refers to the art of Western Europe from approximately 1000 AD to the rise of the Gothic Art in the 13th century, or later, depending on region....
refers to the period from about 1000 to the rise of Gothic art in the 12th century, which developed in conjunction with the rise of monasticism in Western Europe and particularly France, but also included Christian Spain, England, Flanders, Germany, Italy, and elsewhere. Its architecture is dominated by thick walls, short, squat structures, and round-headed windows and arches. The name comes from 19th century art historians, as it was the first time since ancient Rome that Roman architectural forms were clearly used.

Gothic art
Gothic art

Gothic art was a Medieval art art movement that lasted about 200 years. It began in France out of the Romanesque art period in the mid-12th century, concurrent with Gothic architecture found in Cathedrals....
is a variable term depending on the craft, place and time. The term originated with Gothic architecture
Gothic architecture

Gothic architecture is a style of architecture which flourished during the high and late Middle Ages. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture....
in 1140, but Gothic painting did not appear until around 1200 (this date has many qualifications), when it diverged from Romanesque style. Gothic sculpture was born in France in 1144 with the renovation of the Abbey Church of S. Denis and spread throughout Europe, by the 13th century it had become the international style, replacing Romanesque. International Gothic
International Gothic

International Gothic is a phase of Gothic art which developed in Burgundy , Bohemia, France and northern Italy in the late 14th century and early 15th century....
describes Gothic art from about 1360 to 1430, after which Gothic art merges into Renaissance art at different times in different places. During this period forms such as painting
Painting

Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface . In art, the term describes both the act and the result, which is called a painting....
, in fresco
Fresco

Fresco is any of several related painting types, done on plaster on walls or ceilings. The word fresco comes from the Italian word affresco which derives from the adjective fresco , which has Latin origins....
and on panel, become newly important, and the end of the period includes new media such as prints
Old master print

An old master print is a work of art produced by a printing process within the Western tradition . A date of about 1830 is usually taken as marking the end of the period whose prints are covered by this term....
.

Medieval art by region, type and genre

Medieval art by region or culture

Eastern European

Armenian art (Armenia
Armenia

Armenia , officially the Republic of Armenia , is a landlocked mountainous country in South Caucasus between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea....
)
Azerbaijanian art (Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan , officially the Republic of Azerbaijan , is the largest and most populous country in the South Caucasus, located partially in Eastern Europe and partially in Western Asia....
)
Bosnian art
Art of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Sorry, no overview for this topic
(Bosnia
Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina is a country on the Balkans peninsula of South Eastern Europe with an area of 51,129 square kilometres . Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the south, Bosnia and Herzegovina is Landlocked#Nearly landlocked, except for 26 kilometres of the Adriatic Sea coas...
)
Bulgarian art (Bulgaria
Bulgaria

The state of Bulgaria , Scientific transliteration Balgarija, officially the Republic of Bulgaria has played a significant role in the Balkans in south-eastern Europe for over fourteen centuries....
)
Byzantine art
Byzantine art

Byzantine art is the term commonly used to describe the artistic products of the Byzantine Empire from about the 4th century until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453....
(Constantinople
Constantinople

Constantinople was the empire capital of the Roman Empire , the Byzantine Empire , the Latin Empire , and the Ottoman Empire . Strategically located between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara at the point where Europe meets Asia, Byzantine Constantinople had been the capital of a Christendom empire, successor to ancient ancient Greece...
)
Coptic art
Coptic art

Coptic decoratios:The so-called "tabak najmii", i.e., "Star-like" dish. See http://www0egy_chr_art.webs.com.File:Coptic rondel.jpg...
(Coptic)
Croatian art
Art of Croatia

Croatian art describes the visual arts in Croatia from medieval times to the present. In Early Middle Ages, Croatia was important centre for art and architecture in south eastern Europe....
(Croatia
Croatia

Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a Central European country at the crossroads of Pannonian Plain, Balkans, and the Mediterranean Sea....
)
Crusader art (Crusader states
Crusader states

The Crusader states were a number of mostly 12th- and 13th-century Feudalism states created by Western European crusaders in Asia Minor, Greece and the Holy Land ....
)
Cretan school
Cretan School

The term Cretan School describes an important school of icon painting, also known as Post-Byzantine art, which flourished while Crete was under Republic of Venice rule during the late Middle Ages, reaching its climax after the Fall of Constantinople, becoming the central force in Greek painting during the 15th, 16th and 17th centuries....
(Crete
Crete

Crete is the largest of the Greek islands and the List of islands in the Mediterranean largest island in the Mediterranean Sea at 8,336 km? ....
)
Comnenan art (Byzantine art
Byzantine art

Byzantine art is the term commonly used to describe the artistic products of the Byzantine Empire from about the 4th century until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453....
/ Comnenus)
Macedonian art (Macedonian Renaissance
Macedonian Renaissance

Macedonian Renaissance is a label sometimes used to describe the period of the Macedonian dynasty of the Byzantine Empire , especially the 10th century, which some scholars have seen as a time of increased interest in classical scholarship and the assimilation of classical motifs into Christian themes....
)
Mesopotamia art (Iraq
Iraq

Iraq , officially the Republic of Iraq , is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros Mountains, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....
)
Old Russian art (Kievan Rus and successor states)
Novgorod art (Novgorod)
Palaeologan art (Byzantine art
Byzantine art

Byzantine art is the term commonly used to describe the artistic products of the Byzantine Empire from about the 4th century until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453....
/ Palaeologus)
Romanian art ((Byzantine art
Byzantine art

Byzantine art is the term commonly used to describe the artistic products of the Byzantine Empire from about the 4th century until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453....
/ Borzesti
Onesti

Onesti is a city in Bacau County, Romania with a population of 51,681 inhabitants.Administratively, the villages of Slobozia and Borzesti form part of Onesti....
)
Russian art (Russia
Russia

Russia , or the Russian Federation , is a list of countries spanning more than one continent country extending over much of northern Eurasia....
)
Sassanid art (Sassanid Empire
Sassanid Empire

The Sassanid Empire or Sassanian Dynasty is the name of the last pre-Islamic Iranian empire. It was one of the two main powers in Western Asia for a period of more than 400 years....
)
Serbian art
Serbian art

The territory of today's Serbia has been inhabited since pre-historical times. Indeed, Sirmium is one of the oldest settlements in Europe with archaeologists tracing some form of urban life as far back as 5000 BC....
(Serbia
Serbia

Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a country in Central Europe and Balkans Europe, covering the southern part of the Pannonian Plain and the central part of the Balkans....
)

Islamic

Abbasid art (Abbasid
Abbasid

The Abbasid Caliphate was the third of the Islamic Caliphates of the Islamic Empire. The Caliphate is one of the high points of Islam, and at the time Muslim civilization, together with that of Byzantium, China and India, was the most developed part of the world....
)
Andalusian art (Andalusia
Andalusia

Andalusia is a country in the Spanish State. It is the most populous and the second largest, in terms of land area, of the seventeen autonomous communities of the Spain....
)
Almoravid art (Almoravid)
Andalusia art (Andalusia
Andalusia

Andalusia is a country in the Spanish State. It is the most populous and the second largest, in terms of land area, of the seventeen autonomous communities of the Spain....
)
Ayyubid art (Ayyubid)
Baghdad art (Baghdad
Baghdad

Baghdad is the Capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate, with which it is also coterminous. With a municipal population estimated at 6.5 million, it is the largest city in Iraq, and the second largest city in the Arab World....
)
Fatimid art (Fatimid
Fatimid

The Fatimid Caliphate or al-Fatimiyyun was an Arab Shi'a dynasty that ruled over varying areas of the Maghreb, Egypt, Sicily, Malta and the Levant from 5 January 909 to 1171....
)
Ghaznavid art (Ghaznavid)
Hafsid art (Hafsid)
Hispano-Mauresque art (Hispano-Mauresque)
Mamluk art (Mamluk
Mamluk

A mamluk was a slavery soldier who converted to Islam and served the Muslim caliphs and the Ayyubid sultans from the 9th to the 13th centuries....
)
Marinids art (Marinids)
Mozarabic art (Mozarabic)
Mudéjar art (Mudéjar
Mudéjar

Mud?jar is the name given to the Moors or Muslims of Al-Andalus who remained in Christian territory after the Reconquista but were not converted to Christianity....
)
Persian art (Persia
Persian Empire

The 'Persian Empire' was a series of successive Iranian or Persianization empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland, and beyond in Southwest Asia, South Asia, Central Asia and the Caucasus....
)
Samanid art (Samanid
Samanid

The Samanid dynasty or Samanids was an Iranian Persian empire in Central Asia and Greater Khorasan, named after its founder Saman Khuda who converted to Sunni Islam despite being from Zoroastrianism theocratic nobility....
)
Seljuk art (Seljuk Turks)
Timurid art (Timurid Empire)
Umayyad art (Umayyad)

Other

Jewish art (Jewish culture)

Western European

Art in Roman Catholicism
Art in Roman Catholicism

Roman Catholic art consists of all visual works produced in an attempt to illustrate, supplement and portray in tangible form the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church....
Anglo-Norman art (Anglo-Norman
Anglo-Norman

The Anglo-Normans were mainly the descendants of the Normans who ruled England following the conquest by William I of England in 1066, although a few Normans were already in England before the conquest....
)
Anglo-Saxon art
Anglo-Saxon art

File:Sutton.Hoo.ShoulderClasp2.RobRoy.jpgFile:Meister des Benedictionale des Heiligen Aethelwold 001.jpgFile:CaedmonManuscriptPage46Illust.jpgFile:Hedda Stone.JPG...
Asturian art
Asturian art

Pre-Romanesque architecture in Asturias is framed between the years 711 and 910, the period of the rise, extension and disappearance of the kingdom of Asturias....
(Asturias
Asturias

The Principality of Asturias is an autonomous communities of Spain within the kingdom of Spain, former Kingdom of Asturias in the Middle Ages....
)
Carolingian art
Carolingian art

Carolingian art is the roughly 120-year period from about Anno Domini 780 to 900 — during the reign of Charlemagne and his immediate heirs — popularly known as the Carolingian Renaissance....
(Pre-Romanesque art
Pre-Romanesque art

Pre-Romanesque art and architecture is the period in Western European art from either the emergence of the Merovingian kingdom in about 500 or from the Carolingian Renaissance in the late 8th century, to the beginning of the 11th century Romanesque art period....
)
Dugento art and Trecento art (Italian art)
English art
English art

'English art' is the body of visual arts originating from the nation of England, in the form of a continuous tradition. Following historical surveys such as Creative Art In England by William Johnstone , Nikolaus Pevsner attempted a definition in his 1956 book The Englishness of English Art, as did Sir Roy Strong in his 2000 book Th...
(English culture)
Flemish art (Dutch
Culture of the Netherlands

Dutch people culture or culture of the Netherlands is diverse, reflecting regional differences as well as the foreign influences thanks to the merchant and exploring spirit of the Dutch and the influx of immigrants....
)
Hiberno-Saxon art (see also Celtic art
Celtic art

Celtic art is art associated with various people known as Celts; those who spoke the Celtic languages in Europe from pre-history through to the modern period, as well as the art of ancient people whose language is unknown, but where cultural and stylistic similarities suggest they are related to Celts....
)
Lombard art (Lombards
Lombards

The Lombards were a Germanic peoples originally from Northern Europe who settled in the valley of the Danube and from there invaded Byzantine Italian peninsula in 568 under the leadership of Alboin....
)
Merovingian art (Migration Period art
Migration Period art

Migration Period art is the artwork of Germanic peoples during the Migration period of 300 to 900. It includes the Migration art of the Germanic tribes on the continent, as well the Hiberno-Saxon art of the Anglo-Saxon and Celtic fusion in the British Isles....
/ Merovingian)
Mosan art
Mosan art

Mosan art or Rheno-Mosan art is a regional style of Romanesque art from the valleys of the Meuse river and Rhine, in present-day Belgium, especially in Wallonia, and the Rhineland, with manuscript illumination, metalwork, and enamel work from the 11th, 12th and 13th centuries....
(French art
French art

For practical purposes, the history of French art has been divided into a series of separate articles accessible through the template to the right. The template also gives direct access to French art category indexes, such as alphabetical lists of painters or sculptors....
/ Belgian art)
Ottonian art
Ottonian art

In Pre-Romanesque art Germany, the prevailing style was what has come to be known as Ottonian art. With Ottonian architecture, it is a key component of the Ottonian Renaissance named for the emperors Otto I, Otto II, and Otto III....
(Pre-Romanesque art
Pre-Romanesque art

Pre-Romanesque art and architecture is the period in Western European art from either the emergence of the Merovingian kingdom in about 500 or from the Carolingian Renaissance in the late 8th century, to the beginning of the 11th century Romanesque art period....
)
Italo-Norman art (Palermo
Palermo

Palermo is a historic city in southern Italy, the Capital of the autonomous region Sicily and the province of Palermo. The city is noted for its rich history, culture, architecture and gastronomy, playing an important role throughout much of its existence; it is over 2,700 years old....
/ Italian art)
Pictish art (Picts
Picts

The Picts were a confederation of tribes in what was later to become eastern and northern Scotland from Roman Empire times until the 10th century....
)
Culture of Poland
Culture of Poland

The culture of Poland is closely connected with its intricate 1000 year History of Poland. Its unique character developed at the crossroads of the Latinate and Byzantine Empire worlds, in continual dialog with the many ethnic groups living in Poland....
Roman art
Roman art

Roman art includes the visual arts produced in Ancient Rome, and in the territories of the Roman empire. Major forms of Roman art are Roman architecture, painting, sculpture and mosaic work....
(Rome
Rome

Rome is the capital city of Italy and Lazio, and is Italy's largest and most populous city, with 2,724,347 residents in an urban area of some ....
)
Spanish art
Spanish art

Spanish art is an important and influential type of art in Europe. Spanish art is the name given to the artistic disciplines and works developed in Spain throughout time, and those by Spanish authors world-wide....
(Spanish culture)
Viking art (Viking
Viking

A Viking is one of the Norsemen explorers, warriors, merchants, and Piracy who raided and colonized wide areas of Europe from the late eighth to the early eleventh century....
/ Norse art
Norse art

File:Urnesportalen.jpgNorse art is a blanket term for the artistic style in Scandinavia during the Germanic Iron Age, the Viking Age, and sometimes even used when describing objects from the Nordic Bronze Age....
)
Visigothic art
Visigothic art

The Visigoths entered Hispania in 415, and they rose to be the dominant people there until the Moors invasion of 711 brought their kingdom to an end....
(Visigoths)

Medieval art by type

Ceramic
Ceramic

File:Bridge from dental porcelain.jpgFile:Qing vase p1070256.jpgA ceramic is an inorganic, nonmetal solid prepared by the action of heat and subsequent cooling....

Mosaic
Mosaic

Mosaic is the art of creating images with an assemblage of small pieces of colored glass, stone, or other material. It may be a technique of Decorative arts, an aspect of interior decoration or of cultural and spiritual significance as in a cathedral....

Tessera
Tessera

Tessera has different meanings in different contexts....

Pottery
Pottery

Pottery is the ceramic ware made by potters. Major types of pottery include earthenware, stoneware, and porcelain. The places where such wares are made are called potteries....

Lusterware
Lusterware

Lusterware or Lustreware is a type of pottery or porcelain with a metallic glaze that gives the effect of iridescence, produced by metallic oxides in an ceramic glaze finish, which is given a second firing at a lower temperature in a "muffle kiln", reduction kiln, which excludes oxygen....

Glass art
Glass art

Glass art and Glass sculpture is the use of glass as an artistic medium to produce sculptures or two-dimensional artworks. Specific approaches include stained glass, working glass in a torch flame , glass beadmaking, glass casting, Fused glass, and, most notably, glass blowing....

Stained glass
Stained glass

For the Blackford Oakes novel, see Stained Glass The term stained glass can refer to the material of coloured glass or the craft of working with it....
Heraldry
Heraldry

Heraldry is the profession, study, or art of devising, granting, and blazoning Coat of arms and ruling on questions of rank or protocol, as exercised by an officer of arms....

Manuscript
Manuscript

A manuscript is any document that is written by hand, as opposed to being printed or reproduced in some other way. The term may also be used for information that is hand-recorded in other ways than writing, for example inscriptions that are chiselled upon a hard material or scratched as with a knife point in plaster or with a stylus on a wa...

Book binding
Calligraphy
Calligraphy

Calligraphy is the art of writing . A contemporary definition of calligraphic practice is "the art of giving form to signs in an expressive, harmonious and skillful manner" ....
Illuminated manuscript
Illuminated manuscript

An illuminated manuscript is a manuscript in which the Writing is supplemented by the addition of decoration, such as decorated initials, borders and Miniature ....

Prints
Old master print

An old master print is a work of art produced by a printing process within the Western tradition . A date of about 1830 is usually taken as marking the end of the period whose prints are covered by this term....

Engraving
Engraving

Engraving is the practice of incising a design onto a hard, usually flat surface, by cutting grooves into it. The result may be a decorated object in itself, as when silver, gold, steel, or glass engraving are engraved, or may provide an intaglio printing plate, of copper or another metal, for printing images on paper as prints or illustra...
Metalcut
Metalcut

Metalcut is a relief printmaking technique, belonging to the category of old master prints. It was almost entirely restricted to the fifteenth century, and mostly in Northern Europe, mainly Germany and France....
Woodcut
Woodcut

Woodcut - formally known as Xylography - is a relief printing artistic technique in printmaking in which an image is carved into the surface of a block of wood, with the printing parts remaining level with the surface while the non-printing parts are removed, typically with gouges....

Metalwork
Sculpture
Sculpture

Sculpture is Three-dimensional space artwork created by shaping or combining hard and or plastic material, sound, and or text and or light, commonly Stone sculpture , metal, glass, or wood....

Silversmith
Silversmith

A silversmith is a person who works primarily making objects in solid silver; historically the training and guild organization of goldsmiths included silversmiths as well, and the two crafts remain largely overlapping....
and Goldsmith
Goldsmith

A goldsmith is a metalworker who specializes in working with gold and other precious metals. Since ancient times the techniques of a Goldsmith have evolved very little in order to produce items of jewelry of quality standards....
Niello
Niello

Niello is a black metallic alloy of sulfur, copper, silver, and usually lead, used as an inlay on engraved metal. It can be used for filling in designs cut from metal....

Jewelry
Relic
Relic

A relic is an object or a personal item of Religion significance, carefully preserved with an air of veneration as a tangible memorial. Relics are an important aspect of some forms of Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, shamanism, and many other religions....
s

Painting
Painting

Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface . In art, the term describes both the act and the result, which is called a painting....

Iconography
Iconography

Iconography is the branch of art history which studies the identification, description, and the interpretation of the content of images. The word iconography literally means "image writing", and comes from the Ancient Greek e???? and ??afe?? ....
or Icon
Icon

An 'icon' is a religious work of art, most commonly a painting, from Eastern Christianity. More broadly the term is used in a wide number of contexts for an image, picture, or representation; it is a sign or likeness that stands for an object by signifying or representing it either concretely or by analogy, as in semiotics; by extension, ...
Fresco
Fresco

Fresco is any of several related painting types, done on plaster on walls or ceilings. The word fresco comes from the Italian word affresco which derives from the adjective fresco , which has Latin origins....
Panel painting
Panel painting

A panel painting is a painting on a panel made of wood, either a single piece, or a number of pieces joined together. Until canvas became the more popular support medium in the 16th century, it was the normal form of support for a painting not on a wall or on vellum, which was used for miniature in illuminated manuscripts and also for pa...

Sculpture
Sculpture

Sculpture is Three-dimensional space artwork created by shaping or combining hard and or plastic material, sound, and or text and or light, commonly Stone sculpture , metal, glass, or wood....

Ivory
Ivory

File:Ivory decoration.jpgIvory is formed from dentine and constitutes the bulk of the teeth and tusks of animals such as the elephant, hippopotamus, walrus, mammoth and narwhal....
Statue
Statue

A statue is a sculpture in the round representing a person or persons, an animal, or an event, normally full-length, as opposed to a Bust , and at least close to life-size, or larger....

Sigillography
Sigillography

Sigillography is one of the auxiliary sciences of history. It refers to the study of Seal attached to documents as a source of historical information....
and Seal
Seal (device)

A seal can mean a wax seal bearing an impressed figure, or an embossed figure in paper, with the purpose of authenticating a document, but the term can also mean any device for making such impressions or embossments, essentially being a Molding that has the mirror image of the figure in counter-relief, such as mounted on rings known a...
s
Textile
Textile

A textile is a flexible material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibres often referred to as thread or yarn. Yarn is produced by Spinning raw wool fibres, linen, cotton, or other material on a spinning wheel to produce long strands known as yarn....
s

Carpet
Carpet

A carpet is any loom-woven, felted textile or grass floor covering. The term was also used for table and wall coverings, as carpets were not commonly used on the floor in European interiors until the 18th century....
Dye
Dye

A dye can generally be described as a colored substance that has an Chemical affinity to the Wiktionary:substrate to which it is being applied....
Medieval clothing

Chaperon
Chaperon (headgear)

Chaperon was a form of hood or, later, highly versatile hat worn in all parts of Western Europe in the Middle Ages. Initially a utilitarian garment, it first grew a long partly decorative tail behind, and then developed into a complex, versatile and expensive headgear after what was originally the vertical opening for the face began to be u...

Silk
Silk

Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be weaving into textiles. The best-known type of silk is obtained from Pupa#Cocoons made by the larvae of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori reared in captivity ....
Weaving
Weaving

Weaving is the textile arts in which two distinct sets of yarn, called the Warp and the filling or weft , are interlaced with each other to form a textile....

Tapestry
Tapestry

Tapestry is a form of textile art. It is Weaving by hand on a vertical loom. It is weft-faced weaving, in which all the warp threads are hidden in the completed work, unlike cloth weaving where both the warp and the weft threads may be visible....

Woodwork

Furniture
Furniture

Furniture is the mass noun for the movable objects which may support the human body , provide storage, or hold objects on horizontal surfaces above the ground....
Sculpture
Sculpture

Sculpture is Three-dimensional space artwork created by shaping or combining hard and or plastic material, sound, and or text and or light, commonly Stone sculpture , metal, glass, or wood....

Medieval art by genre

Animal style
Animal style

Animal style art, is characterized by its emphasis on animal and bird themes, and the term describes an approach to decoration which existed from China to Ireland in the early Iron Age, and the barbarian art of the Migrations Period....
Medieval antiquarian (Antiquarian
Antiquarian

An antiquarian or antiquary is an aficionado of antiquities or things of the past. Also, and most often in modern usage, an antiquarian is a person who deals with or collects rare and ancient "Antiquarian book trade in the United States"....
/ Archaeology
Archaeology

Archaeology, archeology, or arch?ology is the science that studies Homo cultures through the recovery, documentation, analysis, and interpretation of material remains and environmental data, including architecture, Artifact , features, Biofact s, and cultural landscape....
) (collected Classical art)

Spolia
Spolia

Spolia is a modern art-historical term used to describe the re-use of earlier building material or decorative sculpture on new monuments. The practice was common in late antiquity ; in Byzantium ; in the medieval West ; and in the medieval Islamic world ....
(plundered Classical art)

Apocalypse art (Apocalypse
Apocalypse

Apocalypse is a term applied to the disclosure to certain privileged persons of something hidden from the majority of humankind. Today the term is often used to refer to the Doomsday event, which may be a shortening of the phrase apokalupsis eschaton which literally means "revelation at the end of the ?on, or age"....
)

English Apocalypse Manuscripts
English Apocalypse Manuscripts

Illustrated Apocalypse manuscripts are manuscripts that contain the text of Revelation and/or a commentary on Revelation and also illustrations. Many of the more famous Apocalypse manuscripts were made in England c....

Allegory art
Dancing in the Middle Ages (Dance
Dance

Dance is an art form that generally refers to Motion of the body, usually rhythmic and to music, used as a form of Emotional expression, social social interaction or presented in a spirituality or performance setting....
)
Death art (Memento mori
Memento mori

Memento mori is a list of Latin phrases meaning "Be mindful of death" and may be translated as "Remember that you are mortal," "Remember you will die," "Remember that you must die," or "Remember your death"....
, Death
Death

Death is the permanent termination of the biological functions that define a life organism. It refers to both a particular event and to the condition that results thereby....
)
Koran art (Koran)
Plateresque style
Synagogue art (Synagogue
Synagogue

A synagogue is a Jewish house of prayer.Synagogues usually have a large hall for prayer , smaller rooms for study and sometimes a social hall and offices....
)
Unicorn
Unicorn

A unicorn is a mythological creature. Though the modern popular image of the unicorn is sometimes that of a horse differing only in the Horn on its forehead, the traditional unicorn also has a Goat beard, a lion's tail, and Cloven hoof—these distinguish it from a horse....

Medieval art lists

List of illuminated manuscripts
List of illuminated manuscripts

This is a list of illuminated manuscripts....
List of Late Antique, Early and Medieval Christian art monuments

Medieval art

Overview

Major art movements

Medieval art by region, type and genre

See also

External links