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Media conglomerate

 

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Media conglomerate



 
 
A media conglomerate describes companies that own large numbers of companies in various mass media
Mass media

Mass media is a term used to denote a section of the media specifically envisioned and designed to reach a mainstream such as the population of a nation state....
 such as television
Television

Television is a widely used telecommunication mass-media for transmitting and receiving moving , either monochrome or color, usually accompanied by sound....
, radio
Radio

Radio is the transmission of signals, by modulation of electromagnetic radiation with frequency below those of visible light.Electromagnetic radiation radio propagation by means of oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and the vacuum of space....
, publishing
Publishing

Publishing is the process of production and dissemination of literature or information – the activity of making information available for public view....
, movies, and the Internet
Internet

The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers, enabling users to share information along multiple channels. Typically, a computer that connects to the Internet can access information from a vast array of available server and other computers by moving information from them to the computer's local memory....
.

As of 2008, The Walt Disney Company
The Walt Disney Company

The Walt Disney Company is the largest media and entertainment corporation in the world. Founded on October 16, 1923, by brothers Walt Disney and Roy O....
 is the world's largest media conglomerate with News Corporation
News Corporation

News Corporation , , ) is one of the world's largest Media conglomerate conglomerates. The company's Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Founder is Rupert Murdoch and the President and Chief Operating Officer is Peter Chernin....
, Viacom
Viacom

Viacom , short for "Video & Audio Communications", is an United States media conglomerate with various worldwide interests in cable television and satellite television networks , and movie production and distribution ....
 and Time Warner
Time Warner

Time Warner Inc. is the world's third largest media and entertainment Conglomerate by market capitalization , headquartered in the Time Warner Center in New York City....
 ranking second, third and fourth respectively.

Sony
Sony

is a multinational corporation list of conglomerates corporation headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan, and one of the world's largest media conglomerates with revenue exceeding US$99.1 billion ....
 is also a media conglomerate (its revenue are actually less than Disney's), but it involves in a diversity of other manufacture and businesses.

Terminology
A conglomerate
Conglomerate (company)

A conglomerate is a company that consists of multiple distinct and often unrelated businesses. Conglomerates are often large and can be formed by merging more than three businesses together....
 is, by definition, a large company that consists of divisions of seemingly unrelated businesses.

It is questionable whether media companies are unrelated, .






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Encyclopedia


A media conglomerate describes companies that own large numbers of companies in various mass media
Mass media

Mass media is a term used to denote a section of the media specifically envisioned and designed to reach a mainstream such as the population of a nation state....
 such as television
Television

Television is a widely used telecommunication mass-media for transmitting and receiving moving , either monochrome or color, usually accompanied by sound....
, radio
Radio

Radio is the transmission of signals, by modulation of electromagnetic radiation with frequency below those of visible light.Electromagnetic radiation radio propagation by means of oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and the vacuum of space....
, publishing
Publishing

Publishing is the process of production and dissemination of literature or information – the activity of making information available for public view....
, movies, and the Internet
Internet

The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers, enabling users to share information along multiple channels. Typically, a computer that connects to the Internet can access information from a vast array of available server and other computers by moving information from them to the computer's local memory....
.

As of 2008, The Walt Disney Company
The Walt Disney Company

The Walt Disney Company is the largest media and entertainment corporation in the world. Founded on October 16, 1923, by brothers Walt Disney and Roy O....
 is the world's largest media conglomerate with News Corporation
News Corporation

News Corporation , , ) is one of the world's largest Media conglomerate conglomerates. The company's Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Founder is Rupert Murdoch and the President and Chief Operating Officer is Peter Chernin....
, Viacom
Viacom

Viacom , short for "Video & Audio Communications", is an United States media conglomerate with various worldwide interests in cable television and satellite television networks , and movie production and distribution ....
 and Time Warner
Time Warner

Time Warner Inc. is the world's third largest media and entertainment Conglomerate by market capitalization , headquartered in the Time Warner Center in New York City....
 ranking second, third and fourth respectively.

Sony
Sony

is a multinational corporation list of conglomerates corporation headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan, and one of the world's largest media conglomerates with revenue exceeding US$99.1 billion ....
 is also a media conglomerate (its revenue are actually less than Disney's), but it involves in a diversity of other manufacture and businesses.

Terminology


A conglomerate
Conglomerate (company)

A conglomerate is a company that consists of multiple distinct and often unrelated businesses. Conglomerates are often large and can be formed by merging more than three businesses together....
 is, by definition, a large company that consists of divisions of seemingly unrelated businesses.

It is questionable whether media companies are unrelated, . The trend has been strongly for the sharing of various kinds of content (news, film and video, music for example). The media sector is tending to consolidate, and formerly diversified companies may appear less so as a result. Therefore the term media group may also be applied. It has not so far replaced the more traditional usage.

Examples


Some of the largest media conglomerates include:

  • Bertelsmann
    Bertelsmann

    Bertelsmann AG is a transnational mass media corporation founded in 1835, based in G?tersloh, Germany. The company operates in 63 countries and employs 102,397 workers ....
  • Canwest Global
  • CBS Corporation
    CBS Corporation

    CBS Corporation is an United States media conglomerate focused on broadcasting, publishing, billboards, and television production, with most of its operations in the United States....
     (owned by National Amusements
    National Amusements

    National Amusements, Inc. is a privately owned media and entertainment company based in Dedham, Massachusetts, USA. The company was founded in 1936 as the Northeast Theatre Corporation by Michael Redstone....
    )
  • Comcast Corporation
  • Fininvest
    Fininvest

    Fininvest is a financial holding company controlled by Silvio Berlusconi family.The Fininvest Group is composed by many important companies, e.g....
  • General Electric
    General Electric

    The General Electric Company, or GE is a multinational corporation United States technology and Service s conglomerate incorporated in the State of New York....
  • Hearst Corporation
    Hearst Corporation

    Hearst Communications, Inc. is a privately-held United States-based media conglomerate based in the Hearst Tower in Media of New York City, USA....
  • Hollinger International
  • Lagardère Media
    Lagardère Media

    Lagard?re Media is the name for the media activities of the French Lagard?re Group. It consists of four subsidiaries of Lagard?re:*Lagard?re Active , including the subdivision Lagard?re Active Pub ...
  • Liberty Media
    Liberty Media

    The Liberty Media Corporation is an United States media conglomerate and the control is exercised by engineer Dr. John C. Malone, with a majority of the voting shares....
  • News Corporation
    News Corporation

    News Corporation , , ) is one of the world's largest Media conglomerate conglomerates. The company's Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Founder is Rupert Murdoch and the President and Chief Operating Officer is Peter Chernin....
  • Organizações Globo
    Organizações Globo

    Organiza??es Globo is a Brazilian media Conglomerate founded in Rio de Janeiro on 1925 by Irineu Marinho. It also owns companies on the food industry and the real estate and financial markets....
  • Grupo PRISA
    PRISA

    PRISA , is a media conglomerate and the biggest publisher in Spain. The group was founded in 1972 by Jes?s de Polanco.*The brands owned by Grupo PRISA are:...
  • Sony
    Sony

    is a multinational corporation list of conglomerates corporation headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan, and one of the world's largest media conglomerates with revenue exceeding US$99.1 billion ....
  • E. W. Scripps Company
    E. W. Scripps Company

    The E.W. Scripps Company is an United States media conglomerate founded by Edward W. Scripps on November 2, 1878. The company is headquartered inside the Scripps Center in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA....
  • Time Warner
    Time Warner

    Time Warner Inc. is the world's third largest media and entertainment Conglomerate by market capitalization , headquartered in the Time Warner Center in New York City....
  • Grupo Televisa
  • The Times Group
    The Times Group

    The Times Group is the largest media services conglomerate in India . It is headed by brothers Samir and Vineet Jain. It reaches out from:*11 publishing centers ...
     (distinct from Times Newspapers
    News International

    News International Ltd is a United Kingdom newspaper publisher owned by Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation. Until June 2002, it was called News International plc....
     of News Corporation)
  • Viacom
    Viacom

    Viacom , short for "Video & Audio Communications", is an United States media conglomerate with various worldwide interests in cable television and satellite television networks , and movie production and distribution ....
     (owned by National Amusements
    National Amusements

    National Amusements, Inc. is a privately owned media and entertainment company based in Dedham, Massachusetts, USA. The company was founded in 1936 as the Northeast Theatre Corporation by Michael Redstone....
    )
  • Vivendi
    Vivendi

    Vivendi SA is an international, France media Conglomerate with activities in music, television and film, publishing, telecommunications, the Internet, and video games....
  • The Walt Disney Company
    The Walt Disney Company

    The Walt Disney Company is the largest media and entertainment corporation in the world. Founded on October 16, 1923, by brothers Walt Disney and Roy O....
  • World Wrestling Entertainment
    World Wrestling Entertainment

    World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc. is a publicly traded, privately controlled integrated arts and sports entertainment company dealing primarily in professional wrestling, with major revenue also coming from film, music, product licensing, and direct product sales....
  • Bonnier Group
  • Schibsted
    Schibsted

    Schibsted is a Norway media conglomerate with operations in 20 countries, the most important being Norway and Sweden. The company has its headquarters in Oslo, Norway and is listed on Oslo Stock Exchange....


Criticism of consolidating media groups


Critics have accused the larger conglomerates of dominating media, especially news
NeWS

NeWS was a windowing system developed by Sun Microsystems in the mid 1980s. Originally known as "SunDew", its primary authors were James Gosling and David S....
, and refusing to publicize or deem "newsworthy" information that would be harmful to their other interests, and of contributing to the merging of entertainment and news at the expense of tough coverage of serious issues. They are also accused of being a leading force for the standardization of culture
Culture

Culture is difficult to define. For example, in 1952, Alfred Kroeber and Clyde Kluckhohn compiled a list of 164 definitions of "culture" in Culture: A Critical Review of Concepts and Definitions....
 (see globalization
Globalization

Globalization in its literal sense is the process of transformation of local or regional phenomena into global ones. It can be described as a process by which the people of the world are unified into a single society and function together....
, Americanization
Americanization

Americanization is the term used for the influence the United States has on the culture of other countries, resulting in such phenomena as the substitution of a given culture with Culture of the United States....
), and they are a frequent target of criticism by partisan political groups which often perceive the news productions biased toward their foes.

In response, the companies and their supporters state that they maintain a strict separation between the business end and the production end of news departments.

See also

  • Concentration of media ownership
    Concentration of media ownership

    Concentration of media ownership is a commonly used term that refers to the majority of the media outlets being owned by a small number of Conglomerate s and corporations — especially by those who view such consolidation as detrimental, dangerous, or otherwise problematic — to characterize ownership structure of mass media indust...
  • Media imperialism
    Media imperialism

    The Media Imperialism debate started in the early 1970s when developing countries began to criticise the control developed countries held over the media....
  • Media proprietor
    Media proprietor

    A media proprietor is a person who controls, either through personal ownership or a dominant position in a public company, a significant part of the mass media....
  • Lists of corporate assets
    Lists of corporate assets

    This page is an index for lists of some assets ownership by large corporations....