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In the art
Art

Art is the process or product of deliberately arranging elements in a way that appeals to the senses or emotions. It encompasses a diverse range of human activities, creations, and modes of expression, including music and literature....
s, media (plural of medium
Medium

Medium may refer to:...
) are the materials and techniques used by an artist
Artist

The definition of an artist is wide-ranging and covers a broad spectrum of activities to do with creating art, practicing the arts and/or demonstrating an art....
 to produce a work.

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Drawing

Drawing is a visual art that makes use of any number of drawing instruments to mark a two-dimensional medium. Common instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax color pencils, crayons, charcoals, chalk, pastels, marker pens, stylus, or various metals like silverpoint....
, "media" refers to the type of held dry tool used and the base onto which it is transferred. The "held dry tool" normally means a pencil, or stick medium, referred to as a "crayon
Crayon

A crayon is a stick of colored wax, charcoal, chalk, or other materials used for writing and drawing. A crayon made of oiled chalk is called an oil pastel; when made of pigment with a dry binder, it is simply a pastel....
". Small particles of broken-off stick medium are transferred to a base or plane of production on which the artwork is produced.






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In the art
Art

Art is the process or product of deliberately arranging elements in a way that appeals to the senses or emotions. It encompasses a diverse range of human activities, creations, and modes of expression, including music and literature....
s, media (plural of medium
Medium

Medium may refer to:...
) are the materials and techniques used by an artist
Artist

The definition of an artist is wide-ranging and covers a broad spectrum of activities to do with creating art, practicing the arts and/or demonstrating an art....
 to produce a work.

Drawing

In drawing
Drawing

Drawing is a visual art that makes use of any number of drawing instruments to mark a two-dimensional medium. Common instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax color pencils, crayons, charcoals, chalk, pastels, marker pens, stylus, or various metals like silverpoint....
, "media" refers to the type of held dry tool used and the base onto which it is transferred. The "held dry tool" normally means a pencil, or stick medium, referred to as a "crayon
Crayon

A crayon is a stick of colored wax, charcoal, chalk, or other materials used for writing and drawing. A crayon made of oiled chalk is called an oil pastel; when made of pigment with a dry binder, it is simply a pastel....
". Small particles of broken-off stick medium are transferred to a base or plane of production on which the artwork is produced. A typical base is paper, but canvas and other surfaces can also be used.

Common drawing media

  • Chalk pastel
    Pastel

    Pastel is an art medium in the form of a stick, consisting of pure powdered pigment and a binder. The pigments used in pastels are the same as those used to produce all colored art media, including oil paints; the binder is of a neutral hue and low saturation....
  • Charcoal
    Charcoal

    Charcoal is the blackish residue consisting of impure carbon obtained by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and vegetation substances....
  • Colored pencil
  • Conté
    Conté

    Cont?, also known as Cont? sticks or Cont? crayons, are a drawing medium composed of compressed powdered graphite or charcoal mixed with a wax or clay base, square in cross-section....
     crayon
  • Graphite
    Graphite

    The mineral graphite is one of the allotropes of carbon. It was named by Abraham Gottlob Werner in 1789 from the Greek language ??afe?? : "to draw/write", for its use in pencils, where it is commonly called lead, as distinguished from the actual metallic element lead....
     and graphite pencil
    Pencil

    A pencil is a writing or drawing instrument consisting of a thin stick of pigment and clay, usually encased in a thin wood cylinder, though paper and plastic sheaths are also used....
    s
  • Marker
    Marker pen

    A marker pen, marking pen, felt-tip pen, or marker, is a pen which has its own ink-source, and usually a tip made of a porous material, such as felt or nylon....
  • Oil pastel
    Oil pastel

    Oil pastel is a painting and drawing medium with characteristics similar to pastels and wax crayons. Unlike "soft" or "French" pastel sticks, which are made with a gum or methyl cellulose binder, oil pastels consist of pigment mixed with a non-drying oil and wax binder....
  • Pen and ink
    Pen and ink

    Pen and ink refers to a technique of drawing or writing, in which colored ink is applied to paper using a pen or other stylus. It may be used as a medium for Sketch es, or for finished works of art....


Painting

In painting
Painting

Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface . In art, the term describes both the act and the result, which is called a painting....
, "media" refers to both the type of paint
Paint

Paint is any liquid, liquifiable, or mastic composition which after application to a Substrate in a thin layer is converted to an opaque solid film....
 used and the base (or ground) to which it is applied. A paint's medium refers to what carries a paint's pigments, and is also called a "vehicle" or a "base". A painter can mix a medium with solvent
Solvent

A solvent is a liquid or gas that dissolves a solid, liquid, or gaseous solute, resulting in a solution.The most common solvent in everyday life is water....
s, pigment
Pigment

A pigment is a material that changes the color of light it Reflection as the result of selective color absorption. This physical process differs from fluorescence, phosphorescence, and other forms of luminescence, in which the material itself emits light....
s, and other substances in order to make paint and control consistency.

Common paint media

  • Acrylic paint
    Acrylic paint

    File:Pyrrole Red Dab.JPGAcrylic paint is fast-drying paint containing pigment suspended in an Wiktionary:acrylic polymer emulsion. Acrylic paints can be diluted with water, but become water-resistant when dry....
  • Enamel paint
    Enamel paint

    An enamel paint is a paint that air dries to a hard, usually glossy, finish. In reality, most commercially-available enamel paints are significantly softer than either vitreous enamel or stoved synthetic resins....
  • Gesso
    Gesso

    Gesso ['dso] is the Italian language word for "Board chalk" , and is a powdered form of the mineral calcium carbonate used in art. Gesso was traditionally mixed with animal glue, usually rabbit-skin glue, to use as an absorbent primer coat for panel painting with tempera paints....
  • Glaze
    Glaze (painting technique)

    A glaze in painting refers to a layer of paint, thinned with a art medium, so as to become somewhat transparent. A glaze changes the color cast or texture of the surface....
  • Gouache
    Gouache

    Gouache , the name of which derives from the Italian language guazzo, "water paint, splash" or bodycolor is a type of paint consisting of pigment suspended in water....
  • Ink
    Ink

    An ink is a liquid containing various pigments and/or dyes used for coloring a surface to produce an , writing, or design. Ink is used for drawing and/or writing with a pen, brush or quill....
  • Latex
    LaTeX

    LaTeX is a document markup language and Word processor for the TeX typesetting program. Within the typesetting system, its name is styled as ....
     paint
  • Magna paint
    Magna paint

    Magna is the world's first artist acrylic paint developed by Leonard Bocour and Sam Golden in 1947 and reformulated in 1960, are pigments ground in an acrylic resin with solvents....
  • Oil paint
    Oil paint

    Oil paint is a type of slow-drying paint consisting of small pigment particles suspended in a drying oil. Oil paints have been used in England as early as the 13th century for simple decoration, but were not widely adopted for artistic purposes until the 15th century....
  • Primer
    Primer (paint)

    A primer is a preparatory coating put on materials before painting. Priming ensures better adhesion of paint to the surface, increases paint durability, and provides additional protection for the material being painted....
  • Sumi
    Sumi

    SUMI refers to Sourcing Unit Managed Inventory a web application used by Unilever for regional sourcing throughout the world. There are many versions of SUMI in the web for different regions but the most prominent among them is Ametsumi for Asia and the AMET region.For regional sourcing SUMI is driven by the Sourcing Units that is factori...
  • Tempera
    Tempera

    File:Duccio The-Madonna-and-Child-128.jpgTempera is a type of artist's paint and associated Art techniques and materials that were known from the classical world, where it appears to have taken over from encaustic painting and was the main medium used for panel painting and illuminated manuscripts in the Byzantine world and the Middle Ages...
  • Vinyl
    Vinyl

    A vinyl compound is any organic compound that contains a vinyl group , −CarbonHydrogenCovalent bondCH2. These are derivatives of ethene, CH2=CH2, with one hydrogen atom replaced with some other group....
     paint
  • Watercolor


Common ground media

  • Architectural structures
  • Canvas
    Canvas

    Canvas is an extremely heavy-duty plain weave cloth used for making sails, tents, marquees, backpacks, and other functions where sturdiness is required....
  • Cloth
  • Glass
    Glass

    Glass generally refers to a Hardness, brittle, transparency amorphous solid, such as that used for windows, many Glass Bottles, or eyewear, including, but not limited to, soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, acrylic glass, sugar glass, Muscovite , or aluminium oxynitride....
  • Metal
    Metal

    In chemistry, a metal is a chemical element whose atoms readily lose electrons to form positive ions , and form metallic bonds between other metal atoms and ionic bonds between nonmetal atoms....
  • Paper
    Paper

    Paper is thin material mainly used for writing upon, printing upon or packaging. It is produced by pressing together moist fibers, typically cellulose pulp derived from wood, rags or grasses, and drying them into flexible sheets....
  • Wood
    Wood

    Wood is an organic material; in the strict sense wood is produced as secondary xylem in the stems of woody plants, notably trees but also shrubs, etc....


Application tools and methods

  • Action painting
    Action painting

    Action painting, sometimes called "gestural abstraction", is a style of painting in which paint is spontaneously dribbled, splashed or smeared onto the canvas, rather than being carefully applied....
  • Aerosol paint
    Aerosol paint

    Aerosol paint ? Paint in a sealed pressurized container that is released in a fine spray mist when depressing a valve button located on the top of the can....
  • Airbrush
    Airbrush

    An airbrush is a small, Pneumatics tool that sprays various media including ink and dye, but most often paint by a process of nebulization. Spray guns developed from the airbrush and are still considered a type of airbrush....
  • Batik
    Batik

    Batik is a Resist dyeing dyeing technique used on textile. Batik is considered as national art in Indonesia. Javanese batik, especially from Jogjakarta, has special meanings which is rooted to the Javanese idea of the universe....
  • Brush
    Brush

    The term brush refers to devices with bristles, wire or other filaments, used for cleaning, Personal grooming hair, cosmetics making painting, deburring and other kinds of surface finishing, and for many other purposes....
  • Finger painting
  • Mural
    Mural

    A mural is a painting on a wall, ceiling, or other large permanent surface....
    ism
  • Palette knife
    Palette knife

    A palette knife is a blunt knife with an extremely flexible steel blade and no sharpened cutting edge. It is primarily used for mixing paint colors, paste, etc., or for Paper marbling, decorative endpapers, etc....
  • Stick
    Stick

    A stick generally refers to a long, slender piece of wood, usually a branch from a tree without the leaves that may be refined.Stick may refer to:...


Muralism techniques

Mural
Mural

A mural is a painting on a wall, ceiling, or other large permanent surface....
ists use many of the same media as panel painters, but due to the scale of their works, use different techniques. Some such techniques include:
  • Cartoon
    Cartoon

    The word cartoon has various meanings, based on several very different forms of visual art and illustration. The term has evolved over time.The original meaning was in fine art, and there cartoon meant a preparatory drawing for a piece of art such as a painting or tapestry....
  • Overhead
    Overhead projector

    An overhead projector is a variant of slide projector that is used to display images to an audience....
     and slide projection
  • Pounce (technique)


Sculpture


Materials

  • Bead
    Bead

    A bead is a small, decorative object that is pierced for yarn or stringing. Beads range in size from under a millimeter to over a centimeter or sometimes several centimeters in diameter....
    s
  • Clay
    Clay

    Clay is a naturally occurring material composed primarily of fine-grained minerals, which show plasticity through a variable range of water content, and which can be hardened when dried and/or fired....
  • Edible material
  • Found object
    Found object

    A found object, in an artistic sense, indicates the use of an object which has not been designed for an artistic purpose, but which exists for another purpose already....
    s
  • Glue
    Glue

    This is a list of various types of adhesive. Historically, the term "glue" only referred to protein colloids prepared from animal flesh. The meaning has been extended to refer to any fluid adhesive....
     and other adhesive
    Adhesive

    Adhesive or glue is a compound in a liquid or semi-liquid state that adhesion or bonds items together. Adhesives may come from either natural or Chemical synthesis sources....
    s
  • Ice
    Ice

    Ice is a solid phases of matter, usually crystalline solid, of a non-metallic substance that is liquid or gas at room temperature, such as ammonia ice or methane ice....
  • Jewel
    Gemstone

    A gemstone or gem, also called a precious or semi-precious stone, is a piece of attractive mineral, which — when cut and polished — is used to make jewellery or other adornments....
    s
  • Marble
    Marble

    Marble is a nonfoliated metamorphic rock resulting from the metamorphism of limestone, composed mostly of calcite . It is extensively used for Marble sculpture, as a architecture material, and in many other applications....
  • Metals
  • Paperboard
    Paperboard

    Paperboard is a paper-like material, usually over ten mils in thickness. Some types of paperboard are used in the construction of Corrugated fiberboard....
  • Papier-mâché
    Papier-mâché

    Papier-m?ch? , sometimes called paper-m?ch?, is a construction material that consists of pieces of paper, sometimes reinforced with textiles, stuck together using a wet paste ....
  • Plaster
    Plaster

    The term plaster can refer to plaster of Paris, lime plaster, or cement plaster. This article deals mainly with plaster of Paris.Plaster of Paris is a type of building material based on calcium sulfate Hydrate, nominally CaSO4?0.5H2O....
  • Plastics
  • Sand
    Sand

    Sand is a naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles.As the term is used by geologists, sand particles range in diameter from 0.0625 to 2 millimeters....
  • Stone
    Rock (geology)

    In geology, rock is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids.The Earth's outer solid layer, the lithosphere, is made of rock....
  • Textile
    Textile

    A textile is a flexible material consisting of a network of natural or artificial fibres often referred to as thread or yarn. Yarn is produced by Spinning raw wool fibres, linen, cotton, or other material on a spinning wheel to produce long strands known as yarn....
  • Wax
    Wax

    Wax has traditionally referred to a substance that is secreted by bees and used by them in constructing their honeycombs.It is an imprecisely defined term generally understood to be a substance with properties similar to beeswax, namely...
  • Wire
    Wire

    A wire is a single, usually cylinder , elongated string of metal. Wires are used to bear mechanical Structural loads and to carry electricity and telecommunications Wiktionary:signal....
  • Wood
    Wood

    Wood is an organic material; in the strict sense wood is produced as secondary xylem in the stems of woody plants, notably trees but also shrubs, etc....


Tools

  • Bristle
    Bristle

    A bristle is a stiff hair or feather. Also used are synthetic materials such as nylon in items such as brooms and sweepers. Bristles are often used to make brushes for cleaning uses, as they are strongly abrasive; common examples include the toothbrush and toilet brush....
    d brush
    Brush

    The term brush refers to devices with bristles, wire or other filaments, used for cleaning, Personal grooming hair, cosmetics making painting, deburring and other kinds of surface finishing, and for many other purposes....
  • Ceramic wheel and kiln
    Kiln

    Kilns are thermally insulated chambers, or ovens, in which controlled temperature regimes are produced. They are used to harden, burn or dry materials....
  • Chisel
    Chisel

    A chisel is a tool with a characteristically shaped cutting edge of blade on its end, for carving or cutting a hard material such as wood, Rock , or Metalworking....
  • Clamps
    Clamp (tool)

    A clamp is a fastener to hold or secure objects tightly together to prevent movement or separation through the application of inward pressure. In the United Kingdom and Australia, the term clamp is often used instead when the tool is for temporary use for positioning components during construction and woodworking; thus a C clamp or a sa...
  • cutting torch
    Oxy-fuel welding and cutting

    Oxy-fuel welding and oxy-fuel cutting are processes that use fuel gases and oxygen to weld and cut metals, respectively. French engineers Edmond Fouche and Charles Picard were the first to develop a oxygen-acetylene welding machine in 1903....
  • Hammer
    Hammer

    A hammer is a tool meant to deliver an impact to an object. The most common uses are for driving Nail s, fitting parts, and breaking up objects....
     or mallet
    Mallet

    A Mallet is a type of hammer with a head made of softer materials than the steel normally used in hammerheads, so as to avoid damaging a delicate surface....
  • Knife
    Knife

    A knife is a handheld sharp-edged instrument consisting of a handle attached to a blade that is used for cutting. Knives were used at least Stone Age, as evidenced by the Oldowan tools....
  • Pliers
    Pliers

    Sorry, no overview for this topic
  • Power tools
  • Sandpaper
    Sandpaper

    Sandpaper is a form of paper where an abrasive material has been fixed to its surface.Sandpaper is part of the "coated abrasives" family of abrasive products....
  • Saw
    Saw

    A saw is a tool that uses a hard blade or wire with an abrasive wear edge to cut through softer materials. The cutting edge of a saw is either a serrated blade or an abrasive....
  • Scraper
    Hand scraper

    A hand scraper is a single-edged tool used to scrape metal from a surface. This may be required where a surface needs to be true#Other_uses_of_true, corrected for fit to a mating part, needs to retain oil , or even to give a decorative finish....
  • Snips
    Tin snips

    File:tinsnips.jpgTin snips are tools used to cut thin sheet metal. There are two broad categories: tinner snips, which are similar to common scissors, and compound leverage aviation snips, which use a compound leverage handle system....
  • Wirecutters


Printmaking

In the art of printmaking
Printmaking

Printmaking is the process of making artworks by printing, normally on paper. Except in the case of monotyping, the process is capable of producing multiples of the same piece, which is called a 'print....
, "media" tends to refer to the technique used to create a print. Common media include:
  • Engraving
    Engraving

    Engraving is the practice of incising a design onto a hard, usually flat surface, by cutting grooves into it. The result may be a decorated object in itself, as when silver, gold, steel, or glass engraving are engraved, or may provide an intaglio printing plate, of copper or another metal, for printing images on paper as prints or illustra...
  • Etching
    Etching

    Etching is the process of using strong acid or mordant to cut into the unprotected parts of a metal surface to create a design in intaglio in the metal ....
  • Inkjet printing
    Inkjet printer

    File:Canon BJ-10v Lite inkjet printer with Scale.JPGInkjet printers operate by propelling variably-sized droplets of liquid or molten material onto almost any sized page....
     (sometimes called Giclée
    Giclée

    Gicl?e , is an invented name for the process of making fine art Printing from a digital image source using Inkjet printer. The word "gicl?e" is derived from the French language word "le gicleur" meaning "nozzle", or more specifically "gicler" meaning "to squirt, spurt, or spray"....
     printing)
  • Laser printing
    Laser printer

    A laser printer is a common type of computer printer that rapidly produces high quality text and graphics on plain paper. As with digital photocopiers and multifunction printers , laser printers employ a Xerography printing process but differ from analog photocopiers in that the image is produced by the direct scanning of a laser beam acros...
  • Linocut
    Linocut

    Linocut is a printmaking technique, a variant of woodcut in which a sheet of linoleum is used for the relief surface. A design is cut into the linoleum surface with a sharp knife, V-shaped chisel or gouge, with the raised areas representing a reversal of the parts to show printed....
  • Lithography
    Lithography

    Lithography is a method for printing using a stone or a metal plate with a completely smooth surface. By contrast, in intaglio a plate is engraving, etching or mezzotint to make cavities to contain the printing ink, and in woodblock printing and letterpress ink is applied to the raised surfaces of letters or images....
  • Moku hanga
  • Offset printing
    Offset printing

    Offset printing is a commonly used printing technique where the inked image is transferred from a plate to a rubber blanket, then to the printing surface....
  • Plate printing
  • Photograph
    Photograph

    A photograph is an created by light falling on a light-sensitive surface, usually photographic film or an electronic imager such as a Charge-coupled device or a Complementary metal?oxide?semiconductor chip....
    ic printing
  • Screen-printing
    Screen-printing

    Screen printing 1. A printing technique that uses a woven mesh to support an ink blocking stencil. The attached stencil forms open areas of mesh that transfer ink as a sharp-edged image onto a Substrate ....
  • Woodcut
    Woodcut

    Woodcut - formally known as Xylography - is a relief printing artistic technique in printmaking in which an image is carved into the surface of a block of wood, with the printing parts remaining level with the surface while the non-printing parts are removed, typically with gouges....


See also

  • Plastic arts
    Plastic arts

    Plastic arts are those visual arts that involve the use of materials that can be moulded or modulated in some way, often in three dimensions. Examples are clay, paint and plaster....
  • Art materials
    Art materials

    Techniques and materials related to art:...
  • Recording medium
  • Digital media
    Digital media

    Digital media usually refers to electronic media that work on digital codes. Today, computing is primarily based on the binary numeral system....
  • Mixed media
    Mixed media

    Mixed media, in visual art, refers to an work of art in the making of which more than one Art medium has been employed.There is an important distinction between "mixed-media" artworks and "multimedia artist"....
  • multi media


External links

  • definition from the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus