Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria

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Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria

Not to be confused with King Maximilian I of Bavaria
Maximilian I of Bavaria

Maximilian I was prince-elector of Bavaria from 1799 to 1805, king of Bavaria from 1806 to 1825. He was a member of the House of Palatinate-Birkenfeld, a branch of the House of Wittelsbach....
(1756-1825), prince-elector of Bavaria (as Maximilian IV Joseph).

Maximilian I, Duke/Elector of Bavaria (17 April 1573 – 27 September 1651), called "the Great", was a Wittelsbach

Wittelsbach

The Wittelsbach family is a European royal family and a Germany dynasty from Bavaria. Their major principal roles were as List of rulers of Bavaria , Electoral Palatinate , List of rulers of Brandenburg , Counts of Holland, County of Hainaut and Zeeland , List of bishops and archbishops of Cologne , Duchy of J?lich and Berg , Kings of Sweden...
ruler of Bavaria

Bavaria

Bavaria , with an area of and almost 12.5 million inhabitants, is a region located in the southeast of Germany and is the largest States of Germany of Germany by area....
and a prince-elector (Kurfürst
Prince-elector

The Prince-Electors of the Holy Roman Empire were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of Imperial election the Holy Roman Emperors....
) of the Holy Roman Empire

Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire was a union of territories in Central Europe during the Middle Ages and the Early modern Europe under a Holy Roman Emperor....
. His reign was marked by the Thirty Years' War

Thirty Years' War

The Thirty Years' War was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history. The war was fought primarily in Germany and at various points involved most of the countries of Europe....
(1618-1648).

Background
He was born in Munich

Munich

Munich is the capital city of Bavaria, Germany. Munich is located on the River Isar north of the Northern Limestone Alps. Munich is the third largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Hamburg....
, the eldest son of William V, Duke of Bavaria

William V, Duke of Bavaria

William V, Duke of Bavaria , called the Pious, was List of rulers of Bavaria from 1579 to 1597....
and Renata of Lorraine

Renata of Lorraine

Renata of Lorraine was the daughter of Francis I, Duke of Lorraine and Christina of Denmark. Her maternal grandparents were Christian II of Denmark and Isabella of Burgundy....
.

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Encyclopedia

Maximilian I, Duke/Elector of Bavaria (17 April 1573 – 27 September 1651), called "the Great", was a Wittelsbach

Wittelsbach

Bavaria

Holy Roman Empire

Thirty Years' War

Background

He was born in Munich

Munich

William V, Duke of Bavaria

William V, Duke of Bavaria , called the Pious, was List of rulers of Bavaria from 1579 to 1597....
and Renata of Lorraine

Renata of Lorraine

Renata of Lorraine was the daughter of Francis I, Duke of Lorraine and Christina of Denmark. Her maternal grandparents were Christian II of Denmark and Isabella of Burgundy....
. He was educated by the Jesuits, and upon his father's abdication, began to take part in the government in 1591. In 1595 he married his cousin, Elisabeth Renata (also known as Elizabeth of Lorraine

Elizabeth of Lorraine

Charles III, Duke of Lorraine

Charles III , known as the Great, was Duke of Lorraine from 1545 until his death....
, and became Duke of Bavaria upon his father's abdication in 1597. His first marriage to Elisabeth Renata was childless. Only a few months after the death of Elisabeth Renata, Maximilian married, on 15 July, 1635 in Vienna

Vienna

Vienna is the Capital of Republic of Austria and also one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.7 million...
, his 25-year-old niece Maria Anna of Austria, the daughter of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor

Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor

Ferdinand II , of the House of Habsburg, Holy Roman Emperor , King of Bohemia , King of Hungary ....
and Maximillian's sister, Maria Anna of Bavaria (1574-1616). The main motivation for this swift remarriage was not so much political grounds as the hope of producing a prince to inherit. In contrast to the Elector's first wife, Maria Anna was very interested in politics and well instructed about developments. She was not bound to the Habsburgs, but rather completely advocated the Bavarian standpoint. Additionally, she conducted lively exchanges of opinion with high officials of the Munich court and took part in meetings of the cabinet. By his second wife, Maria Anna of Austria, he left two sons, Ferdinand Maria

Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria

Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria was a Wittelsbach ruler of Bavaria and an elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 1651 to 1679....
, who succeeded him, and Maximilian Philip.

As the ablest prince of his age he sought to prevent Germany from becoming the battleground of Europe, and although a rigid adherent of the Catholic

Catholicism

Catholicism is a broad term for the body of the Catholic faith, its Theology and doctrines, its Catholic liturgy, Ethics, spiritual, and behavioral characteristics, as well as a religious people as a whole....
faith, was not always subservient to the church

Roman Catholic Church

The Roman Catholic Church, officially known as the Catholic Church is the world's largest Christianity Ecclesia , representing over half of all Christians and one-sixth of the world population....
. Weak in health and feeble in frame, Maximilian had high ambitions both for himself and his duchy, and was tenacious and resourceful in prosecuting his designs.

German politics and the Thirty Years' War

Maria Anna Von Bayern (1610 1665) Black White

Maximilian refrained from any interference in German politics until 1607, when he was entrusted with the duty of executing the imperial ban against the free city of Donauwörth

Donauwörth

Donauw?rth is a city in the Germany State of Bavaria , in the region of Swabia . It is said to have been founded by two fisherman where the Danube and W?rnitz River rivers meet....
, a Protestant

Protestantism

Protestantism is a movement within Christianity that originated in the sixteenth-century Protestant Reformation. It is considered to be one of the three principal traditions of Christianity, together with Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy....
stronghold. In December 1607 his troops occupied the city, and vigorous steps were taken to restore the supremacy of Catholicism

Roman Catholic Church

The Roman Catholic Church, officially known as the Catholic Church is the world's largest Christianity Ecclesia , representing over half of all Christians and one-sixth of the world population....
. Some Protestant princes, alarmed at this action, formed the Protestant Union

Protestant Union

The Protestant Union or League of Evangelical Union was a coalition of Protestant Germany states that was formed in 1608 to defend the rights, lands and person of each member....
to defend their interests, which was answered in 1609 by the establishment of the Catholic League

Catholic League (German)

The German Catholic League was initially a loose confederation of Roman Catholic Church German states formed on July 10, 1609 to counteract the Protestant Union , whereby the participating states concluded an alliance "for the defence of the Catholic religion and peace within the Empire." Modeled loosely on the more intransigent ultra-Catho...
, in the formation of which Maximilian took an important part. Under his leadership an army was set on foot, but his policy was strictly defensive and he refused to allow the League to become a tool in the hands of the House of Habsburg

Habsburg

The House of Habsburg was an important royal house of Europe and is best known as supplying all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1452 and 1740, as well as rulers of Spanish Empire and the Austrian Empire....
. Dissensions among his colleagues led the duke to resign his office in 1616, but the approach of trouble brought about his return to the League about two years later.

Having refused to become a candidate for the imperial throne

Holy Roman Emperor

Image:HRR 14Jh.jpgThe Roman of the Emperor's title was a reflection of the translatio imperii principle that regarded the Holy Roman Emperors as the inheritors of the title of Emperor of the Western Roman Empire, a title left unclaimed in the West after the death of Julius Nepos in 480....
in 1619, Maximilian was faced with the complications arising from the outbreak of war in Bohemia

Bohemia

History...
. After some delay he made a treaty with the emperor Ferdinand II

Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor

Ferdinand II , of the House of Habsburg, Holy Roman Emperor , King of Bohemia , King of Hungary ....
in October 1619, and in return for large concessions placed the forces of the League at the emperor's service. Anxious to curtail the area of the struggle, he made a treaty of neutrality with the Protestant Union, and occupied Upper Austria

Upper Austria

Upper Austria is one of the nine States of Austria or Bundesl?nder of Austria. Its capital is Linz. Upper Austria borders on Germany and the Czech Republic, as well as on the other Austrian states of Lower Austria, Styria , and Salzburg ....
as security for the expenses of the campaign. On November 8, 1620 his troops under Count Tilly defeated the forces of Frederick, King of Bohemia

Frederick V, Elector Palatine

Frederick V was Electoral Palatinate , and, as Frederick I , King of Bohemia . He was the son and heir of Frederick IV, Elector Palatine and of Louise Juliana of Nassau, the daughter of William I of Orange and Charlotte of Bourbon....
and Count Palatine of the Rhine, at the Battle of White Mountain

Battle of White Mountain

The Battle of White Mountain, November 8, 1620 was an early battle in the Thirty Years' War in which an army of 15,000 Bohemians and mercenaries under Christian of Anhalt were routed by 27,000 men of the combined armies of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor under Karel Bonaventura Buquoy and of the Catholic League under Johann Tserclaes, Co...
near Prague

Prague

Prague is the Capital and World's largest cities of the Czech Republic. Its official name is Hlavn? mesto Praha, meaning Prague, the Capital City....
.

In spite of the arrangement with the Union, Tilly then devastated the Rhenish Palatinate, and in February 1623 Maximilian was formally invested with the electoral dignity

Prince-elector

The Prince-Electors of the Holy Roman Empire were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of Imperial election the Holy Roman Emperors....
and the attendant office of imperial steward, which had been enjoyed since 1356 by the Counts Palatine of the Rhine. After receiving the Upper Palatinate

Upper Palatinate

The Upper Palatinate is one of the seven Regierungsbezirks of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of Bavaria. It is subdivided into two regions - Oberpfalz-Nord and Regensburg....
and restoring Upper Austria to Ferdinand, Maximilian became leader of the party which sought to bring about Wallenstein

Albrecht von Wallenstein

,a Bohemian soldier and politician, gave his services during the Danish period of the Thirty Years' War to the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor....
's dismissal from the imperial service. At the Diet of Regensburg in 1630 Ferdinand was compelled to assent to this demand, but the sequel was disastrous both for Bavaria and its ruler. Attempting to remain neutral during the war, Maximilian signed the secret Treaty of Fontainebleau (1631)

Treaty of Fontainebleau (1631)

The Treaty of Fontainebleau was signed on May 30, 1631 between Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria, and the Kingdom of France. The accord established a secret alliance between the two Roman Catholic Church states during the Thirty Years' War....
with the Kingdom of France, but this proved worthless.

Early in 1632 the Swedes

Swedish Empire

Sweden was, between 1611 and 1718, one of the great powers of Europe. In modern historiography this period is known as the Swedish Empire, or stormaktstiden ....
marched into the duchy and occupied Munich, and Maximilian could only obtain the assistance of the imperialists by placing himself under the orders of Wallenstein, now restored to the command of the emperor's forces. The ravages of the Swedes and their French allies induced the elector to enter into negotiations for peace with King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden

Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden

Gustav II Adolf, In the era, which was characterized by nearly endless warfare, he led his armies as Monarch of Sweden—from 1611, as a seventeen year old, until his death in battle while leading a charge during 1632 in the bloody Thirty Years' war—as Sweden rose from the status as a mere regional power and run-of-the-mill king...
and Cardinal Richelieu

Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal Richelieu

Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu, Cardinal-Duc de Richelieu , was a France clergyman, nobility, and statesman.Consecrated as a bishop in 1608, he later entered politics, becoming a Secretary of State in 1616....
of France. He also proposed to disarm the Protestants by modifying the Edict of Restitution

Edict of Restitution

The Edict of Restitution, passed eleven years into the Thirty Years' Wars on March 6 1629 following Catholic League successes at arms, was a belated attempt by Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor to impose and restore the religion and territorial situations reached in the Peace of Augsburg ....
of 1629, but these efforts were abortive.

In September 1638 baron Franz von Mercy was made master-general of ordnance in the army of Bavaria, then the second largest army in the Holy Roman Empire. Mercy and Johann von Werth

Johann von Werth

Count Johann von Werth , also Jan von Werth or in French Jean de Werth, was a Germany general of cavalry in the Thirty Years' War.He was born in 1591 at B?ttgen in the duchy of J?lich as the eldest son with eight more brothers and sisters....
as lieutenant field-marshal fought with varying success France and Sweden.

In March 1647 Maximilian concluded the Truce of Ulm (1647) with France and Sweden, but the entreaties of Emperor Ferdinand III

Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor

Ferdinand III was Holy Roman Emperor February 15, 1637 – 1657. King of Hungary, King of Bohemia, Archduke of Austria, King of the Romans....
led him to disregard his undertaking. Bavaria was again ravaged, and the elector's forces defeated in May 1648 at Zusmarshausen

Zusmarshausen

For the battle fought near this place, see Battle of Zusmarshausen.Zusmarshausen is a Municipalities of Germany in the district of Augsburg , Bavaria, Germany....
. The Peace of Westphalia

Peace of Westphalia

The term Peace of Westphalia refers to the two Peace treaty of Osnabr?ck and M?nster, signed on May 15 and October 24, 1648, respectively, and written in Latin, that ended both the Thirty Years' War in the Holy Roman Empire and the Dutch Revolt between Spain and the Dutch Republic....
soon put an end to the struggle. By this treaty it was agreed that Maximilian should retain the electoral dignity, which was made hereditary in his family; and the Upper Palatinate was incorporated with Bavaria.

Administrative and cultural activities

Maximilian reorganized the Bavarian administration and army, he introduced mercantilist

Mercantilism

Mercantilism is an economic theory that holds that the prosperity of a nation is dependent upon its supply of Capital , and that the world economy of international trade is "unchangeable"....
measures as well as a new corpus juris, the Codex Maximilianeus. In 1610 Maximilian ordered to enlarge the Munich Residenz

Residenz, Munich

The Residence is the former royal palace of the Bavarian List of rulers of Bavaria in the city center of Munich. The Residence is the largest downtown palace in Germany and serves today as one of the finest room decoration museums in Europe....
and to upgrade the Hofgarten

Hofgarten (München)

The Hofgarten in Munich is a garden in the center of the city between the Residenz, Munich and the Englischer Garten .The garden was built in 1613-1617 by Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria as an Italian style Renaissance garden....
. He acquired numerous paintings of Albrecht Dürer

Albrecht Dürer

'Albrecht D?rer' was a Germans Painting, printmaker and theorist from Nuremberg. His still-famous works include the Apocalypse woodcuts, commons:Image:Duerer - Ritter, Tod und Teufel .jpg , St....
, Peter Paul Rubens

Peter Paul Rubens

Peter Paul Rubens was a prolific seventeenth-century Flemish Baroque painter, and a proponent of an exuberant Baroque style that emphasized movement, color, and sensuality....
and additional artists for the Wittelsbach collection

Alte Pinakothek

The Alte Pinakothek is an art museum situated in the Kunstareal in Munich, Germany. It is one of the oldest galleries of the world housing one of the most famous art museums for the Old Master....
.

The Duke died at Ingolstadt

Ingolstadt

Ingolstadt is a city in the Free State of Bavaria, Germany. It is located along the banks of the Danube River, in the center of Bavaria. As of December 31, 2005, Ingolstadt had 121,801 residents, making it the second-largest city in Upper Bavaria, after Munich....
on September 27, 1651. He is buried in St. Michael's Church, Munich

St. Michael's Church, Munich

The Jesuit church of St Michael in Munich is the largest Renaissance church north of the Alps. It was built by William V, Duke of Bavaria, known in German as Wilhelm, between 1583 and 1597 as a spiritual center for the Counter Reformation....
. In 1839 a statue was erected to his memory at Munich by Ludwig I

Ludwig I of Bavaria

Ludwig I was king of Bavaria from 1825 until the Revolutions of 1848 in the German states....
, king of Bavaria.

Family and Children

Maximilian married 6. February 1595 in Nancy princess Elizabeth

Elizabeth of Lorraine

Charles III, Duke of Lorraine

Charles III , known as the Great, was Duke of Lorraine from 1545 until his death....
and Claudia

Claude of Valois

Claude of Valois was born at Fontainebleau on 12 November 1547 and died in Nancy on 21 February 1575. She was the second daughter of King Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici....
of France, daughter of Henry II of France

Henry II of France

Henry II , of the House of Valois and the son and successor of Francis I of France, was King of France from 31 March 1547, until his death....
but had no issue with her.

15. July 1635 Maximilian married in Vienna his niece Maria Anna of Austria (1610-1665), daughter of Emperor Ferdinand II.

Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor

Ferdinand II , of the House of Habsburg, Holy Roman Emperor , King of Bohemia , King of Hungary ....
and Maria of Bavaria. They had two sons:

Ferdinand Maria (1636-1679) 8 1652 princess Henriette Adelaide of Savoy
Henriette Adelaide of Savoy

Henriette Adelaide of Savoy, , was the wife of the Elector of Bavaria Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria.Born in Turin, she lost her father Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy when she was just one year old....
(1636-1676)
Maximilian Philipp Hieronymus, Duke of Leuchtenberg
Leuchtenberg

Leuchtenberg is a Municipalities of Germany in the district of Neustadt in Bavaria in Germany, essentially a suburb of nearby Weiden in der Oberpfalz, and a historical region in Holy Roman Empire governed by the Landgrave of Leuchtenberg....
(1638-1705) 8 1668 princess Maurita Febronia de Latour d`Auvergne (1652-1706)

Family Tree

Trivia: Cousin marriages and relation to Maximilian I of Bavaria
Maximilian I of Bavaria

Maximilian I was prince-elector of Bavaria from 1799 to 1805, king of Bavaria from 1806 to 1825. He was a member of the House of Palatinate-Birkenfeld, a branch of the House of Wittelsbach....

Francis I, Duke of Lorraine

Francis I, Duke of Lorraine

Francis I was briefly Duke of Lorraine from 1544 until the following year. He was son of Antoine, Duke of Lorraine and Ren?e of Bourbon-Montpensier, daughter of Gilbert, Count of Montpensier....
8 Christina of Denmark

Christina of Denmark

Christina of Denmark , was firstly Duchess-consort of Milan and then Duchess-consort of Lorraine. She was claimant to the thrones of Norway, Denmark and Sweden....
1517-1545 |1522-1590 | +------------------+-------------------+ | | Charles III, Duke of Lorraine

Charles III, Duke of Lorraine

Charles III , known as the Great, was Duke of Lorraine from 1545 until his death....
Renata of Lorraine

Renata of Lorraine

Renata of Lorraine was the daughter of Francis I, Duke of Lorraine and Christina of Denmark. Her maternal grandparents were Christian II of Denmark and Isabella of Burgundy....
8 William V of Bavaria 1543-1608 1544-1602| 1548-1626 | | +-------------------+----------+----------------------------+ | | | | | | Maria Anna of Bavaria Magdalene of Bavaria

Magdalene of Bavaria

Magdalene of Bavaria was the daughter of William V, Duke of Bavaria and Renata of Lorraine. In 1613 she married Wolfgang Wilhelm, Pfalzgraf von Neuburg. Their son was Philipp Wilhelm, Elector Palatine....
| | 1574-1616 1587-1628 | | | | Elizabeth of Lorraine

Elizabeth of Lorraine

Elizabeth of Lorraine, also Elisabeth Renata was a daughter of Charles III, Duke of Lorraine in his marriage to Claude of Valois. In 1595 she married her cousin Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria....
8 Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria 8 Maria Anna of Austria| 1574-1635 (1) 1573-1651 (2) 1610-1655| | +-----------------------------------------------------------+ | Philipp Wilhelm, Elector Palatine

Philipp Wilhelm, Elector Palatine

Philip William of Neuburg, Elector Palatine , was Count Palatine of Neuburg from 1653 to 1690, Duchy of J?lich and Berg from 1653 to 1679 and Electoral Palatinate from 1685 to 1690....
1615-1690 | Karl III Philip, Elector Palatine

Karl III Philip, Elector Palatine

Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine was a ruler from the house of Wittelsbach. He was Elector Palatine, Count of Palatinate-Neuburg, and Duchy of J?lich and Berg from 1716 to 1742....
1661-1742 | Elizabeth Augusta Sophie, Pfalzgräfin von Neuburg 1693-1728 | Maria Francisca Sulzbach

Maria Francisca Sulzbach

Maria Francisca, Countess Palatine of Sulzbach was the daughter of Joseph Karl Emanuel August, Pfalzgraf von Sulzbach and Elizabeth Augusta Sophie, Pfalzgr?fin von Neuburg....
1724-1794 | Maximilian I of Bavaria

Maximilian I of Bavaria

Maximilian I was prince-elector of Bavaria from 1799 to 1805, king of Bavaria from 1806 to 1825. He was a member of the House of Palatinate-Birkenfeld, a branch of the House of Wittelsbach....
1756-1825

Ancestors

**Maximilian's ancestors in three generations**
Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria	Father: William V, Duke of Bavaria William V, Duke of Bavaria William V, Duke of Bavaria , called the Pious, was List of rulers of Bavaria from 1579 to 1597....	Paternal Grandfather: Albert V, Duke of Bavaria Albert V, Duke of Bavaria Albert V, Duke of Bavaria , , was Duke of Bavaria from 1550 until his death. He was born in Munich to William IV, Duke of Bavaria and Marie of Baden-Sponheim....	Paternal Great-grandfather: William IV, Duke of Bavaria William IV, Duke of Bavaria William IV of Bavaria , was Duke of Bavaria from 1508 to 1550, until 1545 together with his younger brother Louis X, Duke of Bavaria.He was born in Munich to Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria and Kunigunde of Austria, a daughter of Emperor Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor....
			Paternal Great-grandmother: Jakobaea of Baden
		Paternal Grandmother: Anna of Austria Anna of Austria (1528-1590) Anna of Austria was the daughter of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and his wife Anna of Bohemia and Hungary .She was engaged several times as a child, first to Prince Theodor of Bavaria , then to Charles of Orleans , but both died young....	Paternal Great-grandfather: Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand I was a Central European monarch from the Habsburg. He was Holy Roman Emperor from 1558, King of Bohemia and King of Hungary and Croatia from 1526....
			Paternal Great-grandmother: Anna of Bohemia and Hungary Anna of Bohemia and Hungary Anna of Bohemia and Hungary, also sometimes known as Anna Jagellonica was, by marriage to Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, King of the Romans and later Holy Roman Emperor, Queen of the Romans....
	Mother: Renata of Lorraine Renata of Lorraine Renata of Lorraine was the daughter of Francis I, Duke of Lorraine and Christina of Denmark. Her maternal grandparents were Christian II of Denmark and Isabella of Burgundy....	Maternal Grandfather: Francis I, Duke of Lorraine Francis I, Duke of Lorraine Francis I was briefly Duke of Lorraine from 1544 until the following year. He was son of Antoine, Duke of Lorraine and Ren?e of Bourbon-Montpensier, daughter of Gilbert, Count of Montpensier....	Maternal Great-grandfather: Antoine, Duke of Lorraine Antoine, Duke of Lorraine Antoine , known as the Good, was Duke of Lorraine from 1508 until his death in 1544. He was the son of Ren? II, Duke of Lorraine and Philippa of Guelders....
			Maternal Great-grandmother: Renée of Bourbon-Montpensier
		Maternal Grandmother: Christina of Denmark Christina of Denmark Christina of Denmark , was firstly Duchess-consort of Milan and then Duchess-consort of Lorraine. She was claimant to the thrones of Norway, Denmark and Sweden....	Maternal Great-grandfather: Christian II of Denmark Christian II of Denmark Christian II was a Danish monarch and King of Denmark, Norway and Sweden , under the Kalmar Union. Christian was born the son of King Hans of Denmark and Christina of Saxony, at Nyborg Castle in 1481 and succeeded his father as king and regent in Denmark and Norway, where he later was to be succeeded by his uncle King Frederick I of Denmar...
			Maternal Great-grandmother: Isabella of Burgundy Isabella of Burgundy Isabella of Austria , Archduchess of Austria, Infanta of Crown of Castile and Princess of Duchy of Burgundy by birth and Queen of Denmark, Sweden and Norway by her marriage to Christian II of Denmark, was the daughter of Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile of Crown of Castile and the sister of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor....