Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor

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Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor

Matthias (February 24 1557 - March 20 1619) of the House of Habsburg

Habsburg

Holy Roman Emperor

Image:HRR 14Jh.jpgThe Roman of the Emperor's title was a reflection of the translatio imperii principle that regarded the Holy Roman Emperors as the inheritors of the title of Emperor of the Western Roman Empire, a title left unclaimed in the West after the death of Julius Nepos in 480....
(1612-1619), King of Hungary

Kingdom of Hungary

The Kingdom of Hungary , which existed from 1000 to 1918, and then from 1920 to 1946, was a considerable state in Central Europe....
(1608-1619) (as Matthias II), King of Bohemia

Bohemia

History...
(1611-1617).

Matthias was born in the Austria

Archduchy of Austria

The Archduchy of Austria , one of the most important states within the Holy Roman Empire, was the center of the Habsburg Monarchy and the predecessor of the Austrian Empire....
n capital of Vienna

Vienna

Vienna is the Capital of Republic of Austria and also one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.7 million...
to Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor

Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor

Maximilian II was king of Bohemia from 1562, king of Hungary from 1563, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire from 1564 and king of the Romans until his death....
and Maria of Spain

Maria of Spain

Maria of Spain was the first daughter of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and Isabella of Portugal. She was also the wife of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, Holy Roman Emperor Holy Roman Emperor....
.

Matthias married Archduchess Anna of Austria, daughter of his uncle Archduke Ferdinand II

Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria

Ferdinand II, Archduke of Further Austria was ruler of Further Austria including Tyrol ....
of Austria, whose successor in Further Austria

Further Austria

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Matthias (February 24 1557 - March 20 1619) of the House of Habsburg

Habsburg

Holy Roman Emperor

Kingdom of Hungary

The Kingdom of Hungary , which existed from 1000 to 1918, and then from 1920 to 1946, was a considerable state in Central Europe....
(1608-1619) (as Matthias II), King of Bohemia

Bohemia

History...
(1611-1617).

Matthias was born in the Austria

Archduchy of Austria

Vienna

Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor

Maximilian II was king of Bohemia from 1562, king of Hungary from 1563, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire from 1564 and king of the Romans until his death....
and Maria of Spain

Maria of Spain

Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria

Ferdinand II, Archduke of Further Austria was ruler of Further Austria including Tyrol ....
of Austria, whose successor in Further Austria

Further Austria

Further Austria or Anterior Austria was the collective name for the old possessions of the Habsburgs in Baden and Swabia , Alsace and in Vorarlberg after the focus of the Habsburgs had moved to Austria....
Matthias became in 1595. Their marriage did not produce surviving children.

In 1593 he was appointed governor of Austria by his brother, Emperor Rudolf II

Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor

Rudolf II , Holy Roman Emperor as Rudolf II , King of Hungary as Rudolf , King of Bohemia as Rudolf II and Archduke of Austria as Rudolf V . He was a member of the Habsburg family....
. He formed a close association there with the Bishop of Vienna, Melchior Klesl

Melchior Klesl

Melchior Klesl was an Austrian statesman and cardinal of the Roman Catholic church during the time of the Counter-Reformation. Klesl was appointed Bishop of Vienna in 1598 and elevated to cardinal in 1616....
, who later became his chief adviser. In 1605 Matthias forced the ailing emperor to allow him to deal with the Hungarian Protestant

Protestantism

Protestantism is a movement within Christianity that originated in the sixteenth-century Protestant Reformation. It is considered to be one of the three principal traditions of Christianity, together with Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy....
rebels. The result was the Peace of Vienna

Treaty of Vienna (1606)

The Treaty of Vienna was signed on June 23, 1606 between Stephen Bocskay, a Kingdom of Hungary noble, and Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor. Based on the terms of the treaty, all constitutional and religious rights/privileges were granted to the Hungarians in both Transylvania and Royal Hungary....
of 1606, which guaranteed religious freedom in Hungary. In the same year Matthias was recognized as head of the House of Habsburg

Habsburg

The House of Habsburg was an important royal house of Europe and is best known as supplying all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1452 and 1740, as well as rulers of Spanish Empire and the Austrian Empire....
and as the future Holy Roman Emperor, as a result of Rudolf's illness. Allying himself with the estates of Hungary, Austria, and Moravia

Moravia

Moravia is a Historical regions of Central Europe in the east of the Czech Republic, one of the former Czech lands. It takes its name from the Morava River, Central Europe which rises in the northwest of the region....
, Matthias forced his brother to yield rule of these lands to him in 1608; Rudolf later ceded Bohemia

Bohemia

History...
in 1611.

After Matthias's accession as Holy Roman Emperor, his policy was dominated by Klesl, who hoped to bring about a compromise between Catholic

Roman Catholic Church

The Roman Catholic Church, officially known as the Catholic Church is the world's largest Christianity Ecclesia , representing over half of all Christians and one-sixth of the world population....
and Protestant states within the Holy Roman Empire

Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire was a union of territories in Central Europe during the Middle Ages and the Early modern Europe under a Holy Roman Emperor....
in order to strengthen it. Matthias had already been forced to grant religious concessions to Protestants in Austria and Moravia, as well as in Hungary, when he had allied with them against Rudolf.

His conciliatory policies were opposed by the more intransigent Catholic Habsburgs, particularly Matthias's brother Archduke Maximilian, who hoped to secure the succession for the inflexible Catholic Archduke Ferdinand (later Emperor Ferdinand II

Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor

Ferdinand II , of the House of Habsburg, Holy Roman Emperor , King of Bohemia , King of Hungary ....
). The start of the Bohemian Protestant revolt

Defenestrations of Prague

The Defenestrations of Prague were two incidents in the history of Bohemia. The first occurred in 1419 and the second in 1618, although the term "Defenestration of Prague" is more commonly used to refer to the second incident....
in 1618 provoked Maximilian to imprison Klesl and revise his policies. Matthias, old and ailing, was unable to prevent a takeover by Maximilian's faction. Ferdinand, who had already been crowned King of Bohemia (1617) and of Hungary (1618), succeeded Matthias as Holy Roman Emperor. Matthias died in Vienna.

Ancestors

**Matthias's ancestors in three generations**
Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor	Father: Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II was king of Bohemia from 1562, king of Hungary from 1563, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire from 1564 and king of the Romans until his death....	Father's father: Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand I was a Central European monarch from the Habsburg. He was Holy Roman Emperor from 1558, King of Bohemia and King of Hungary and Croatia from 1526....	Father's father's father: Philip I of Castile Philip I of Castile Philip I , known as the Handsome or the Fair, was the son of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor. Through his mother Mary of Burgundy he inherited the greater part of the Duchy of Burgundy and the Burgundian Netherlands and through his wife Juana of Castile he briefly succeeded to the Kingdom of Castile....
			Father's father's mother: Joanna of Castile Joanna of Castile Joanna , called Joanna the Mad queen regnant as Kings of Castile of Crown of Castile jointly with her husband Philip I of Castile and later also as List of Aragonese monarchs of Crown of Aragon jointly with her son the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor....
		Father's mother: Anna of Bohemia and Hungary Anna of Bohemia and Hungary Anna of Bohemia and Hungary, also sometimes known as Anna Jagellonica was, by marriage to Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, King of the Romans and later Holy Roman Emperor, Queen of the Romans....	Father's mother's father: Ladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary
			Father's mother's mother: Anne de Foix
	Mother: Maria of Spain Maria of Spain Maria of Spain was the first daughter of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and Isabella of Portugal. She was also the wife of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, Holy Roman Emperor Holy Roman Emperor....	Mother's father: Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor Charles V was ruler of the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 and, as Charles I of Spain, of the Spanish realms from 1516 until his abdication in 1556....	Mother's father's father: Philip I of Castile Philip I of Castile Philip I , known as the Handsome or the Fair, was the son of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor. Through his mother Mary of Burgundy he inherited the greater part of the Duchy of Burgundy and the Burgundian Netherlands and through his wife Juana of Castile he briefly succeeded to the Kingdom of Castile....
			Mother's father's mother: Joanna of Castile Joanna of Castile Joanna , called Joanna the Mad queen regnant as Kings of Castile of Crown of Castile jointly with her husband Philip I of Castile and later also as List of Aragonese monarchs of Crown of Aragon jointly with her son the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor....
		Mother's mother: Isabella of Portugal Isabella of Portugal Isabella of Portugal was the daughter of Manuel I of Portugal and Maria of Aragon . By her marriage to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Isabella was also List of Holy Roman Empresses and German queens and Queen consort of Aragon and Crown of Castile....	Mother's mother's father: Manuel I of Portugal Manuel I of Portugal Manuel I ; Portuguese language: Manoel I, English language: Emmanuel I), the Fortunate , 14th List of Portuguese monarchs was the son of Infante Fernando, Duke of Viseu, by his wife, Beatriz of Portugal ....
			Mother's mother's mother: Maria of Aragon Maria of Aragon (1482-1517) Maria of Aragon was a Spain infanta, second wife of Portugal List of Portuguese monarchs Manuel I of Portugal and because of that queen consort of Portugal from her marriage on 30 October, 1500 until her death....

Titles

Holy Roman Emperor

Kingdom of Hungary

The Kingdom of Hungary , which existed from 1000 to 1918, and then from 1920 to 1946, was a considerable state in Central Europe....
, King of Croatia, King of Slavonia, King of Bohemia

Bohemia

History...
, Margrave of Moravia, King of Germany, Archduke of Austria, King of the Romans, Archduke of Further Austria

Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor

Ancestors

Titles

See also