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a class="link1" onMouseover='showByLink("m2215061",this)' onMouseout='hide("m2215061")'href="http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Physics">physics
Physics

Physics is the natural science which examines basic concepts such as energy, force, and spacetime and all that derives from these, such as mass, charge, matter and its Motion ....
, M(atrix) theory (also known as BFSS-Matrix theory) is a fundamental formulation of M-theory
M-theory

In theoretical physics, M-theory is a new limit of string theory in which 11 dimensions of spacetime may be identified. Because the dimensionality exceeds the dimensionality of five superstring theories in 10 dimensions, it was originally believed that the 11-dimensional theory is more fundamental and unifies all string theories ....
 as a Random matrix
Random matrix

In probability theory and statistics, a random matrix is a matrix -valued random variable. Many important properties of physical systems can be represented mathematically as matrix problems....
 model. It is written in terms of interacting D0-branes (zero-dimensional Dirichlet branes) in infinite momentum frame. It was proposed by Banks
Tom Banks

Thomas Banks, 'Tom Banks, or Tommy Banks may refer to:*Thomas Banks , English sculptor*Tom Banks , an American physicist*Tom Banks , a character in the British soap opera EastEnders...
, Fischler
Willy Fischler

Willy Fischler born in 1949 in Antwerpen, Belgium is a theoretical physics and string theory. He is currently the Jane and Roland Blumberg Centennial Professor of physics at the University of Texas at Austin, where he is affiliated with the Steven Weinberg theory group....
, Shenker, and Susskind in 1996 [1]. See also the discussion in M-theory
M-theory

In theoretical physics, M-theory is a new limit of string theory in which 11 dimensions of spacetime may be identified. Because the dimensionality exceeds the dimensionality of five superstring theories in 10 dimensions, it was originally believed that the 11-dimensional theory is more fundamental and unifies all string theories ....
.

atrix string theory is a set of equations that describe superstring theory
Superstring theory

Superstring theory is an attempt to explain all of the Elementary particle and fundamental forces of nature in one theory by modelling them as vibrations of tiny supersymmetry strings....
 in a non-perturbative framework.






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Encyclopedia


M(atrix) Theory

In physics
Physics

Physics is the natural science which examines basic concepts such as energy, force, and spacetime and all that derives from these, such as mass, charge, matter and its Motion ....
, M(atrix) theory (also known as BFSS-Matrix theory) is a fundamental formulation of M-theory
M-theory

In theoretical physics, M-theory is a new limit of string theory in which 11 dimensions of spacetime may be identified. Because the dimensionality exceeds the dimensionality of five superstring theories in 10 dimensions, it was originally believed that the 11-dimensional theory is more fundamental and unifies all string theories ....
 as a Random matrix
Random matrix

In probability theory and statistics, a random matrix is a matrix -valued random variable. Many important properties of physical systems can be represented mathematically as matrix problems....
 model. It is written in terms of interacting D0-branes (zero-dimensional Dirichlet branes) in infinite momentum frame. It was proposed by Banks
Tom Banks

Thomas Banks, 'Tom Banks, or Tommy Banks may refer to:*Thomas Banks , English sculptor*Tom Banks , an American physicist*Tom Banks , a character in the British soap opera EastEnders...
, Fischler
Willy Fischler

Willy Fischler born in 1949 in Antwerpen, Belgium is a theoretical physics and string theory. He is currently the Jane and Roland Blumberg Centennial Professor of physics at the University of Texas at Austin, where he is affiliated with the Steven Weinberg theory group....
, Shenker, and Susskind in 1996 [1]. See also the discussion in M-theory
M-theory

In theoretical physics, M-theory is a new limit of string theory in which 11 dimensions of spacetime may be identified. Because the dimensionality exceeds the dimensionality of five superstring theories in 10 dimensions, it was originally believed that the 11-dimensional theory is more fundamental and unifies all string theories ....
.

Matrix String Theory

matrix string theory is a set of equations that describe superstring theory
Superstring theory

Superstring theory is an attempt to explain all of the Elementary particle and fundamental forces of nature in one theory by modelling them as vibrations of tiny supersymmetry strings....
 in a non-perturbative framework. Matrix string theory is related to M(atrix) theory in the same sense that superstring theory is related to M-theory. Type IIA string theory can be shown to be equivalent to a maximally supersymmetric two-dimensional gauge theory
Gauge theory

In physics, gauge theory is a quantum field theory where the Lagrangian is invariant under certain transformations.The transformations form a Lie group which is referred to as the symmetry group or the gauge group of the theory....
, the gauge group of which is U(N) for a large value of N. This Matrix string theory was first proposed by Luboš Motl
Luboš Motl

File:LubosMotlPubMicro.jpgLubo? Motl is a Czech people theoretical physics who worked on string theory and conceptual problems of quantum gravity until 2006....
 in 1997 [2] and later independently in a more complete paper by Robbert Dijkgraaf
Robbert Dijkgraaf

Robbert Dijkgraaf is a Netherlands mathematical physics and string theory.Dijkgraaf started his studies in physics at the Utrecht University in 1978....
, Erik Verlinde
Erik Verlinde

Erik Peter Verlinde is a Netherlands theoretical physics and string theory. He is the identical twin brother of Herman Verlinde. The Verlinde formula, which is important in Conformal field theory and Topological field theory, is named after him....
, and Herman Verlinde
Herman Verlinde

Herman Louis Verlinde is a Dutch theoretical physicist and string theory. He is a professor at Princeton University. He is also the identical twin brother of Erik Verlinde....
 [3]. Another matrix string theory equivalent to Type IIB string theory was constructed in 1996 by Ishibashi, Kawai, Kitazawa and Tsuchiya [4]. This version is known as the IKKT matrix model.

External links


  • High Energy Physics - Phenomenology and Theory especially.