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Matrix

Matrix

Overview
A matrix is used to describe an array
Array
In computer science, an array data structure or simply array is a data structure consisting of a collection of elements , each identified by one or more integer indices, stored so that the address of each element can be computed from its index tuple by a simple mathematical formula...

 or grid
Grid
Grid or The Grid may refer to:In entertainment and media:* The Grid, an electronic dance group* The Grid , a 2001 third person shooter* The Grid * Mobil 1 The Grid, a motorsport magazine TV show...

. An archaic
Archaic
Archaic may refer to a period of time preceding a "classical period":*List of archaeological periods**Archaic period in Greece**Archaic period in the Americas**Early Dynastic Period of Egypt...

 usage is a breeding
Breeding
Breeding is the producing of offspring, usually animals or plants:* Breeding in the wild, the natural process of reproduction in the animal kingdom* Animal husbandry, through selected specimens such as dogs, horses, and rabbits...

 animal
Animal
Animals are a major group of mostly multicellular, eukaryotic organisms of the kingdom Animalia or Metazoa. Their body plan eventually becomes fixed as they develop, although some undergo a process of metamorphosis later on in their life. Most animals are motile, meaning they can move spontaneously...

 or a womb.

Matrix may refer to:
  • Matrix (mathematics)
    Matrix (mathematics)
    In mathematics, a matrix is a rectangular array of numbers, such asEntries of a matrix are often denoted by a variable with two subscripts, as shown on the right. Matrices of the same size can be added and subtracted entrywise and matrices of compatible size can be multiplied...

    , a mathematical object generally represented as an array of numbers
    • Matrix calculus
      Matrix calculus
      In mathematics, matrix calculus is a specialized notation for doing multivariable calculus, especially over spaces of matrices, where it defines the matrix derivative. This notation is well-suited to describing systems of differential equations, and taking derivatives of matrix-valued functions...

      , a notation for calculus operations on matrix spaces
    • Identity matrix
      Identity matrix
      In linear algebra, the identity matrix or unit matrix of size n is the n-by-n square matrix with ones on the main diagonal and zeros elsewhere. It is denoted by In, or simply by I if the size is immaterial or can be trivially determined by the context...

    • Similarity matrix
      Similarity matrix
      A similarity matrix is a matrix of scores which express the similarity between two data points. Similarity matrices are strongly related to their counterparts, distance matrices and substitution matrices.-Use in sequence alignment:...

      , which scores the similarity between two data points
    • A number of bioinformatical
      Bioinformatics
      Bioinformatics is the application of information technology to the field of molecular biology. The term bioinformatics was coined by Paulien Hogeweg in 1979 for the study of informatic processes in biotic systems...

       matrices, including:
      • Position-specific scoring matrix
        Position-specific scoring matrix
        A position weight matrix , also called position-specific weight matrix or position-specific scoring matrix , is a commonly used representation of motifs in biological sequences....

        , which represents a pattern or motif in biological sequences
      • Substitution matrix
        Substitution matrix
        In bioinformatics and evolutionary biology, a substitution matrix describes the rate at which one character in a sequence changes to other character states over time...

        , which estimates the rate at which each possible residue in a biological sequence changes to each other residue over time
      • PAM matrix, or Point Accepted Mutation matrix, used in scoring sequence alignments
      • BLOSUM
        BLOSUM
        BLOSUM is a substitution matrix used for sequence alignment of proteins. BLOSUM are used to score alignments between evolutionarily divergent protein sequences. BLOSUM is based on local alignments. BLOSUM was first introduced in a paper by Henikoff and Henikoff...

         (BLOcks of Amino Acid SUbstitution Matrix), also used in scoring sequence alignments
  • Matrix (biology)
    Matrix (biology)
    In biology, matrix is the material between animal or plant cells, the material in which more specialized structures are embedded, and a specific part of the mitochondrion that is the site of oxidation of organic molecules. The internal structure of connective tissues is an extracellular matrix...

    , with numerous meanings, often referring to a biological material where specialized structures are formed or embedded
    • Extracellular matrix
      Extracellular matrix
      In biology, the extracellular matrix is the extracellular part of animal tissue that usually provides structural support to the animal cells in addition to performing various other important functions. The extracellular matrix is the defining feature of connective tissue in animals.Extracellular...

      , any material part of a tissue that is not part of any cell
    • Mitochondrial matrix
      Mitochondrial matrix
      In the mitochondrion, the matrix contains soluble enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of pyruvate and other small organic molecules.The mitochondrial matrix also contains the mitochondria's DNA and ribosomes. The word "matrix" stems from the fact that this space is viscous, compared to the...

      , the inner part of a mitochondrion, where the Krebs cycle takes place
    • Osteon
      Osteon
      The osteon, or Haversian system, is the fundamental functional unit of much compact bone. Osteons, roughly cylindrical structures that are typically several millimeters long and around 0.2mm in diameter, are present in many of the bones of most mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians.Each osteon...

       or bone matrix, a form of connective tissue found in bone
    • Nuclear matrix
      Nuclear matrix
      In biology, the nuclear matrix is the network of fibres found throughout the inside of a cell nucleus and is somewhat analogous to the cell cytoskeleton...

      , an insoluble fraction of the cell nucleus
    • Germinal matrix
      Germinal matrix
      In anatomy, the germinal matrix is a highly cellular and highly vascularized region in the brain from which cells migrate out during brain development. The germinal matrix is the source of both neurons and glial cells and is most active between 8 and 28 weeks gestation...

      , an embryonic brain tissue
    • Matrix, another term for a bacterial growth medium
      Growth medium
      A growth medium or culture medium is a liquid or gel designed to support the growth of microorganisms or cells , or small plants like the moss Physcomitrella patens .There are different types of media for growing different types of cells....

  • Matrix (archaeology)
    Matrix (archeology)
    In archaeology, the matrix commonly refers to the Harris matrix, a method for recording excavations.It can also mean the soil or sediment matrix surrounding and including the artifacts, features, and other materials at an archaeological site....

    , the soil or sediment surrounding a dig site
    • Harris matrix
      Harris matrix
      The Harris matrix or Winchester seriation diagram is a tool used to depict the temporal succession of archaeological contexts and thus the sequence of deposition on a 'dry land' archaeological site. The matrix reflects the relative position and stratigraphic contacts of observable stratigraphic...

      , an archaeological tool used to describe sediment deposition over time
  • Matrix (chemical analysis)
    Matrix (chemical analysis)
    In chemical analysis, matrix refers to the components of a sample other than the analyte. The matrix can have a considerable effect on the way the analysis is conducted and the quality of the results obtained; such effects are called matrix effects. For example, the ionic strength of the solution...

    , the discarded portion of a sample used for chemical analysis
  • Matrix (geology)
    Matrix (geology)
    The matrix or groundmass of rock is the fine-grained mass of material in which larger grains or crystals are embedded.The matrix of an igneous rock consists of fine-grained, often microscopic, crystals in which larger crystals are embedded. This porphyritic texture is indicative of multi-stage...

    , the fine grains between larger grains in igneous or sedimentary rocks
  • Matrix isolation
    Matrix Isolation
    Matrix isolation is an experimental technique used in chemistry and physics which generally involves a material being trapped within an unreactive matrix. A host matrix is a continuous solid phase in which guest particles are embedded. The guest is said to be isolated within the host matrix...

    , a continuous solid phase in which particles (precipitates, etc.) are embedded
  • Metal matrix composite
    Metal matrix composite
    A metal matrix composite is composite material with at least two constituent parts, one being a metal. The other material may be a different metal or another material, such as a ceramic or organic compound. When at least three materials are present, it is called a hybrid composite...

    , a type of composite material

  • Multistate Anti-Terrorism Information Exchange
    Multistate Anti-Terrorism Information Exchange
    The Multistate Anti-Terrorism Information Exchange Program, also known by the acronym "MATRIX", was a federally funded data mining system originally developed for the Florida Department of Law Enforcement described as a tool to identify terrorist subjects....

     (MATRIX), a database of US Citizens
  • Matrix (numismatics)
    Matrix (numismatics)
    In numismatics, a matrix is an intermediate used in the process of manufacturing coins.A matrix has its design in the same sense as a die. The design is engraved convex into the matrix, which is used to create punches. The matrix step was developed in the 17th century for two main reasons...

    , an intermediate into which the design of a coin is engraved
  • Matrix (printing)
    Matrix (printing)
    In hot metal typesetting, a matrix is a mould for casting the letters known as sorts used in letterpress printing....

    , a mold for shaping the letters
  • Dot matrix
    Dot matrix
    A dot matrix is a 2-dimensional array of dots used to represent characters, symbols and images.Typically the dot matrix is used in older computer printers and many digital display devices. In printers, the dots are usually the darkened areas of the paper...

    , an outdated printer type or display
  • Matrix decoder
    Matrix decoder
    Matrix decoder is an audio technology where a finite number of discrete audio channels are decoded into a larger number of channels on play back...

    , a technology which allows a finite number of audio channels to be decoded to a greater amount of audio channels (i.e.
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Encyclopedia
A matrix is used to describe an array
Array
In computer science, an array data structure or simply array is a data structure consisting of a collection of elements , each identified by one or more integer indices, stored so that the address of each element can be computed from its index tuple by a simple mathematical formula...

 or grid
Grid
Grid or The Grid may refer to:In entertainment and media:* The Grid, an electronic dance group* The Grid , a 2001 third person shooter* The Grid * Mobil 1 The Grid, a motorsport magazine TV show...

. An archaic
Archaic
Archaic may refer to a period of time preceding a "classical period":*List of archaeological periods**Archaic period in Greece**Archaic period in the Americas**Early Dynastic Period of Egypt...

 usage is a breeding
Breeding
Breeding is the producing of offspring, usually animals or plants:* Breeding in the wild, the natural process of reproduction in the animal kingdom* Animal husbandry, through selected specimens such as dogs, horses, and rabbits...

 animal
Animal
Animals are a major group of mostly multicellular, eukaryotic organisms of the kingdom Animalia or Metazoa. Their body plan eventually becomes fixed as they develop, although some undergo a process of metamorphosis later on in their life. Most animals are motile, meaning they can move spontaneously...

 or a womb.

Matrix may refer to:

Science and mathematics

  • Matrix (mathematics)
    Matrix (mathematics)
    In mathematics, a matrix is a rectangular array of numbers, such asEntries of a matrix are often denoted by a variable with two subscripts, as shown on the right. Matrices of the same size can be added and subtracted entrywise and matrices of compatible size can be multiplied...

    , a mathematical object generally represented as an array of numbers
    • Matrix calculus
      Matrix calculus
      In mathematics, matrix calculus is a specialized notation for doing multivariable calculus, especially over spaces of matrices, where it defines the matrix derivative. This notation is well-suited to describing systems of differential equations, and taking derivatives of matrix-valued functions...

      , a notation for calculus operations on matrix spaces
    • Identity matrix
      Identity matrix
      In linear algebra, the identity matrix or unit matrix of size n is the n-by-n square matrix with ones on the main diagonal and zeros elsewhere. It is denoted by In, or simply by I if the size is immaterial or can be trivially determined by the context...

    • Similarity matrix
      Similarity matrix
      A similarity matrix is a matrix of scores which express the similarity between two data points. Similarity matrices are strongly related to their counterparts, distance matrices and substitution matrices.-Use in sequence alignment:...

      , which scores the similarity between two data points
    • A number of bioinformatical
      Bioinformatics
      Bioinformatics is the application of information technology to the field of molecular biology. The term bioinformatics was coined by Paulien Hogeweg in 1979 for the study of informatic processes in biotic systems...

       matrices, including:
      • Position-specific scoring matrix
        Position-specific scoring matrix
        A position weight matrix , also called position-specific weight matrix or position-specific scoring matrix , is a commonly used representation of motifs in biological sequences....

        , which represents a pattern or motif in biological sequences
      • Substitution matrix
        Substitution matrix
        In bioinformatics and evolutionary biology, a substitution matrix describes the rate at which one character in a sequence changes to other character states over time...

        , which estimates the rate at which each possible residue in a biological sequence changes to each other residue over time
      • PAM matrix, or Point Accepted Mutation matrix, used in scoring sequence alignments
      • BLOSUM
        BLOSUM
        BLOSUM is a substitution matrix used for sequence alignment of proteins. BLOSUM are used to score alignments between evolutionarily divergent protein sequences. BLOSUM is based on local alignments. BLOSUM was first introduced in a paper by Henikoff and Henikoff...

         (BLOcks of Amino Acid SUbstitution Matrix), also used in scoring sequence alignments
  • Matrix (biology)
    Matrix (biology)
    In biology, matrix is the material between animal or plant cells, the material in which more specialized structures are embedded, and a specific part of the mitochondrion that is the site of oxidation of organic molecules. The internal structure of connective tissues is an extracellular matrix...

    , with numerous meanings, often referring to a biological material where specialized structures are formed or embedded
    • Extracellular matrix
      Extracellular matrix
      In biology, the extracellular matrix is the extracellular part of animal tissue that usually provides structural support to the animal cells in addition to performing various other important functions. The extracellular matrix is the defining feature of connective tissue in animals.Extracellular...

      , any material part of a tissue that is not part of any cell
    • Mitochondrial matrix
      Mitochondrial matrix
      In the mitochondrion, the matrix contains soluble enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of pyruvate and other small organic molecules.The mitochondrial matrix also contains the mitochondria's DNA and ribosomes. The word "matrix" stems from the fact that this space is viscous, compared to the...

      , the inner part of a mitochondrion, where the Krebs cycle takes place
    • Osteon
      Osteon
      The osteon, or Haversian system, is the fundamental functional unit of much compact bone. Osteons, roughly cylindrical structures that are typically several millimeters long and around 0.2mm in diameter, are present in many of the bones of most mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians.Each osteon...

       or bone matrix, a form of connective tissue found in bone
    • Nuclear matrix
      Nuclear matrix
      In biology, the nuclear matrix is the network of fibres found throughout the inside of a cell nucleus and is somewhat analogous to the cell cytoskeleton...

      , an insoluble fraction of the cell nucleus
    • Germinal matrix
      Germinal matrix
      In anatomy, the germinal matrix is a highly cellular and highly vascularized region in the brain from which cells migrate out during brain development. The germinal matrix is the source of both neurons and glial cells and is most active between 8 and 28 weeks gestation...

      , an embryonic brain tissue
    • Matrix, another term for a bacterial growth medium
      Growth medium
      A growth medium or culture medium is a liquid or gel designed to support the growth of microorganisms or cells , or small plants like the moss Physcomitrella patens .There are different types of media for growing different types of cells....

  • Matrix (archaeology)
    Matrix (archeology)
    In archaeology, the matrix commonly refers to the Harris matrix, a method for recording excavations.It can also mean the soil or sediment matrix surrounding and including the artifacts, features, and other materials at an archaeological site....

    , the soil or sediment surrounding a dig site
    • Harris matrix
      Harris matrix
      The Harris matrix or Winchester seriation diagram is a tool used to depict the temporal succession of archaeological contexts and thus the sequence of deposition on a 'dry land' archaeological site. The matrix reflects the relative position and stratigraphic contacts of observable stratigraphic...

      , an archaeological tool used to describe sediment deposition over time
  • Matrix (chemical analysis)
    Matrix (chemical analysis)
    In chemical analysis, matrix refers to the components of a sample other than the analyte. The matrix can have a considerable effect on the way the analysis is conducted and the quality of the results obtained; such effects are called matrix effects. For example, the ionic strength of the solution...

    , the discarded portion of a sample used for chemical analysis
  • Matrix (geology)
    Matrix (geology)
    The matrix or groundmass of rock is the fine-grained mass of material in which larger grains or crystals are embedded.The matrix of an igneous rock consists of fine-grained, often microscopic, crystals in which larger crystals are embedded. This porphyritic texture is indicative of multi-stage...

    , the fine grains between larger grains in igneous or sedimentary rocks
  • Matrix isolation
    Matrix Isolation
    Matrix isolation is an experimental technique used in chemistry and physics which generally involves a material being trapped within an unreactive matrix. A host matrix is a continuous solid phase in which guest particles are embedded. The guest is said to be isolated within the host matrix...

    , a continuous solid phase in which particles (precipitates, etc.) are embedded
  • Metal matrix composite
    Metal matrix composite
    A metal matrix composite is composite material with at least two constituent parts, one being a metal. The other material may be a different metal or another material, such as a ceramic or organic compound. When at least three materials are present, it is called a hybrid composite...

    , a type of composite material

Technology

  • Multistate Anti-Terrorism Information Exchange
    Multistate Anti-Terrorism Information Exchange
    The Multistate Anti-Terrorism Information Exchange Program, also known by the acronym "MATRIX", was a federally funded data mining system originally developed for the Florida Department of Law Enforcement described as a tool to identify terrorist subjects....

     (MATRIX), a database of US Citizens
  • Matrix (numismatics)
    Matrix (numismatics)
    In numismatics, a matrix is an intermediate used in the process of manufacturing coins.A matrix has its design in the same sense as a die. The design is engraved convex into the matrix, which is used to create punches. The matrix step was developed in the 17th century for two main reasons...

    , an intermediate into which the design of a coin is engraved
  • Matrix (printing)
    Matrix (printing)
    In hot metal typesetting, a matrix is a mould for casting the letters known as sorts used in letterpress printing....

    , a mold for shaping the letters
  • Dot matrix
    Dot matrix
    A dot matrix is a 2-dimensional array of dots used to represent characters, symbols and images.Typically the dot matrix is used in older computer printers and many digital display devices. In printers, the dots are usually the darkened areas of the paper...

    , an outdated printer type or display
  • Matrix decoder
    Matrix decoder
    Matrix decoder is an audio technology where a finite number of discrete audio channels are decoded into a larger number of channels on play back...

    , a technology which allows a finite number of audio channels to be decoded to a greater amount of audio channels (i.e. Dolby or Quadraphonic)
  • Matrix (or matrix master), a disc in the early stages of processing a record for mass production
  • Matrix Switch, a crossbar switch
    Crossbar switch
    In electronics, a crossbar switch is a switch connecting multiple inputs to multiple outputs in a matrix manner....

     connecting multiple inputs to multiple outputs
  • Keyboard matrix (music)
    Keyboard matrix (music)
    Most electronic keyboards used in synthesizers, electronic organs, and digital pianos use a keyboard matrix circuit to connect the switches for each key. In this matrix circuit, the rows and columns are made up of wiring...

    , a device which reduces the number of wires needed for a keyboard

Arts and entertainment

  • Matrix (music)
    Matrix (music)
    In music, especially folk and popular music, a matrix is an element of variations which does not change. The term was derived from use in musical writings and from Arthur Koestler's The Act of Creation, who defines creativity as the bisociation of two sets of ideas or matrices...

    , an element of variations which does not change, especially in folk and popular music
  • Matrix (Doctor Who)
    Matrix (Doctor Who)
    The Matrix, in the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who, is a massive computer system on the planet Gallifrey that acts as the repository of the combined knowledge of the Time Lords....

    , an advanced computer network and a virtual reality environment from the British television series Doctor Who
  • M@rix
    M@rix
    M@rix is an album by German industrial music artist P·A·L. It was released in Europe by Ant-Zen records as a CD. The title is pronounced "matrix".-Track listing:# "Metrum V1.2"# "T.A.E."# "Unwanted"# "E-Mass"# "Purge"# "Cyber Junkyard"...

     (pronounced Matrix) the 1997 album by the German band P.A.L.
  • The Matrix
    The Matrix
    The Matrix is a science fiction-action film written and directed by Larry and Andy Wachowski and starring Keanu Reeves, Laurence Fishburne, Carrie-Anne Moss, Joe Pantoliano, and Hugo Weaving...

    , a 1999 science fiction/action film
  • The Matrix Reloaded
    The Matrix Reloaded
    The Matrix Reloaded is a 2003 film, the second installment in The Matrix trilogy, written and directed by the Wachowski Brothers. It premiered on May 7, 2003, in Westwood, Los Angeles, California, and went on general release by Warner Bros. in North American theatres on May 15, 2003, and around the...

    , a 2003 science fiction/action film
  • The Matrix Revolutions
    The Matrix Revolutions
    The Matrix Revolutions is a 2003 film and the third and final installment of The Matrix trilogy. The film is a sequel to The Matrix Reloaded. The film was written and directed by the Wachowski brothers and released simultaneously in sixty countries on November 5, 2003...

    , a 2003 science fiction/action film

Other

  • Matrix management
    Matrix management
    Matrix Management is a type of organizational management in which people with similar skills are pooled for work assignments. For example, all engineers may be in one engineering department and report to an engineering manager, but these same engineers may be assigned to different projects and...

    , an organizational management style
  • Growth-share matrix
    Growth-share matrix
    The BCG matrix is a chart that had been created by Bruce Henderson for the Boston Consulting Group in 1970 to help corporations with analyzing their business units or product lines...

    , a Boston Consulting Group analysis technique for business strategy
  • Matrix Season, a rugby union
    Rugby union
    Rugby union is a full contact team sport, a form of football which originated in England in the early 19th century. One of the codes of rugby football, it is based on running with the ball in hand. It is played with an oval-shaped ball, outdoors on a level field, usually with a grass surface, 100 m...

     season
  • Matrix sign, a variable-message sign on roads in the UK
  • Toyota Matrix
    Toyota Matrix
    The Toyota Matrix, sometimes officially referred to as the Toyota Corolla Matrix, is a compact hatchback manufactured by the Toyota Motor Corporation in Cambridge, Ontario, Canada, to be sold in the United States, Canada, and now Mexico...

    , a compact hatchback car manufactured by Toyota

See also

  • Matrix (name) (disambiguation)
  • Array (disambiguation)
    Array (disambiguation)
    An array is a systematic arrangement of objects, usually in rows and columns. Specifically, it may refer to several things.- In computer science :Generally, a collection of data items that can be selected by indices computed at run-time, including:...

  • Grid (disambiguation)