Markus Reiner
Encyclopedia
Markus Reiner was an Israel
i scientist and a major figure in rheology
.
, then part of Austria-Hungary
, and obtained a degree in Civil Engineering
at the Technische Hochschule in Vienna
(Vienna University of Technology
). After the First World War, he emigrated to Palestine, where he worked as a civil engineer
under the British mandate
. After the founding of the state of Israel
, he became a professor at the Technion (Israel Institute of Technology) in Haifa
. In his honour the Technion later instituted the Markus Reiner Chair in Mechanics and Rheology.
, he along with Eugene C. Bingham
coined the term and founded a society for its study. As well as the term rheology, and his publications, he is known for the Buckingham-Reiner Equation, the Reiner-Riwlin Equation, (now usually spelled Reiner-Rivlin), the Deborah number
and the Teapot effect – an explanation of why tea runs down the outside of the spout of a teapot instead of into the cup.
Israel
The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
i scientist and a major figure in rheology
Rheology
Rheology is the study of the flow of matter, primarily in the liquid state, but also as 'soft solids' or solids under conditions in which they respond with plastic flow rather than deforming elastically in response to an applied force....
.
Biography
Reiner was born in 1886 in Czernowitz, BukovinaBukovina
Bukovina is a historical region on the northern slopes of the northeastern Carpathian Mountains and the adjoining plains.-Name:The name Bukovina came into official use in 1775 with the region's annexation from the Principality of Moldavia to the possessions of the Habsburg Monarchy, which became...
, then part of Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary , more formally known as the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council and the Lands of the Holy Hungarian Crown of Saint Stephen, was a constitutional monarchic union between the crowns of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary in...
, and obtained a degree in Civil Engineering
Civil engineering
Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works like roads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings...
at the Technische Hochschule in Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
(Vienna University of Technology
Vienna University of Technology
Vienna University of Technology is one of the major universities in Vienna, the capital of Austria. Founded in 1815 as the "Imperial-Royal Polytechnic Institute" , it currently has about 26,200 students , 8 faculties and about 4,000 staff members...
). After the First World War, he emigrated to Palestine, where he worked as a civil engineer
Civil engineer
A civil engineer is a person who practices civil engineering; the application of planning, designing, constructing, maintaining, and operating infrastructures while protecting the public and environmental health, as well as improving existing infrastructures that have been neglected.Originally, a...
under the British mandate
British Mandate
British Mandate may refer to:*British Mandate for Palestine*British Mandate of Mesopotamia...
. After the founding of the state of Israel
Israel
The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
, he became a professor at the Technion (Israel Institute of Technology) in Haifa
Haifa
Haifa is the largest city in northern Israel, and the third-largest city in the country, with a population of over 268,000. Another 300,000 people live in towns directly adjacent to the city including the cities of the Krayot, as well as, Tirat Carmel, Daliyat al-Karmel and Nesher...
. In his honour the Technion later instituted the Markus Reiner Chair in Mechanics and Rheology.
Research
Reiner was not only a major figure in rheologyRheology
Rheology is the study of the flow of matter, primarily in the liquid state, but also as 'soft solids' or solids under conditions in which they respond with plastic flow rather than deforming elastically in response to an applied force....
, he along with Eugene C. Bingham
Eugene C. Bingham
Eugene Cook Bingham was a professor and head of the Department of Chemistry at Lafayette College. Bingham made many contributions to rheology, a term he is credited with introducing. He was a pioneer in both its theory and practice...
coined the term and founded a society for its study. As well as the term rheology, and his publications, he is known for the Buckingham-Reiner Equation, the Reiner-Riwlin Equation, (now usually spelled Reiner-Rivlin), the Deborah number
Deborah number
The Deborah number is a dimensionless number, often used in rheology to characterize the fluidity of materials under specific flow conditions. It was originally proposed by Markus Reiner, a professor at Technion in Israel, inspired by a verse in the Bible, stating "The mountains flowed before the...
and the Teapot effect – an explanation of why tea runs down the outside of the spout of a teapot instead of into the cup.
Primary source
- G. W. Scott-Blair (1976), Rheologica Acta, volume 15 no 7/8, pages 365–266
Further reading
- D. Abir (ed) (1975) Contributions to Mechanics: Markus Reiner Eightieth Anniversary Volume: Oxford, Pergamon Press
- G. W. Scott BlairG. W. Scott BlairGeorge William Scott Blair was British chemist noted for his contributions to rheology. In fact he has been called "the first rheologist"-Life:Scott Blair was born 23 July 1902, in Weybridge UK and went to Winchester College...
& M. Reiner (1957) Agricultural Rheology (Routledge & Kegan Paul, London) - M. Reiner (1960) Deformation, strain and flow: an elementary introduction to rheology: London, H. K. Lewis
- M. Reiner (1964) Physics Today volume 17 no 1 page 62 The Deborah Number
- M. Reiner (1971) Advanced Rheology: London, H. K. Lewis
- M. Reiner (1975) Selected Papers on Rheology: Amsterdam, Elsevier