Marinos Antypas
Encyclopedia
Marinos Antypas (1872–March 8, 1907) was a Greek
lawyer
and journalist
, and one of the country's first socialists.
He was born in the village Ferentinata, near Antypata Pylarou
, in Kefalonia
, the eldest son of Spiros Antypas and Angelin Klada. He had two siblings, Mpampis and Adelais.
During his studies in Athens, he became a member of the Central Socialist Society.
He participated as a voluntary soldier in the Cretan Insurrection of 1896, during which he was injured. On account of his later criticism of the role of the Greek monarchy in the insurrection, he was imprisoned and exiled to the island of Aegina
. An order from the Ministry of Justice
declared: "Antypas should be placed in isolation and no one should talk to him. If he doesn't comply with this he should be confined to his cell and be served food without salt".
In 1900 he returned to Kefalonia, where he published the journal Anastasi, which was closed down by the authorities because of its content. In the same period he worked with his father, a carpenter but also a wood sculptor (one of his works is preserved in the Church of Saint Gregory in Hamolako Pilarou).
At that time he fathered two girls, naming one Anarchia (Anarchy) and the other Epanastasi (Revolution).
He also established the "People's Reading Place" "Equality" which became the centre of political and spiritual debate on the island.
In 1903 he visited his uncle Gerasimos Skiadaresis in Bucharest
and convinced him to buy farming land in Greece. Antypas returned again to Kefalonia and republished his Anastasi newspaper, for which he was arrested but found innocent in the following trial.
His Socialist Radical party participated in the 1906 general election, but won few votes.
After that he left for Pyrgetos
(Larissa Prefecture
) where his uncle had bought a large estate. There he began to agitate over the rights of farmers. One of his suggestions was that the farmers should not work in Sundays but use that day to take their children to school. His teachings were received positively by the farmers but the owners of the agrarian estates disliked him. They paid 30,000 drachmas to a supervisor named Kyriakou to kill Antypas, which he did during the March 8, 1907.
His killer was never brought to justice for the crime. After the death of his nephew, Skiadaresis sold his estates and left the area.
Greece
Greece , officially the Hellenic Republic , and historically Hellas or the Republic of Greece in English, is a country in southeastern Europe....
lawyer
Lawyer
A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law; as an attorney, counsel or solicitor; a person who is practicing law." Law is the system of rules of conduct established by the sovereign government of a society to correct wrongs, maintain the stability of political...
and journalist
Journalist
A journalist collects and distributes news and other information. A journalist's work is referred to as journalism.A reporter is a type of journalist who researchs, writes, and reports on information to be presented in mass media, including print media , electronic media , and digital media A...
, and one of the country's first socialists.
He was born in the village Ferentinata, near Antypata Pylarou
Antypata Pylarou
Antipata is one of the 24 villages of the municipal unit of Pylaros, on Kefalonia, Greece. It is part of the community Divarata....
, in Kefalonia
Kefalonia
The island of Cephalonia, also known as Kefalonia, Cephallenia, Cephallonia, Kefallinia, or Kefallonia , is the largest of the Ionian Islands in western Greece, with an area of . It is also a separate regional unit of the Ionian Islands region, and the only municipality of the regional unit...
, the eldest son of Spiros Antypas and Angelin Klada. He had two siblings, Mpampis and Adelais.
During his studies in Athens, he became a member of the Central Socialist Society.
He participated as a voluntary soldier in the Cretan Insurrection of 1896, during which he was injured. On account of his later criticism of the role of the Greek monarchy in the insurrection, he was imprisoned and exiled to the island of Aegina
Aegina
Aegina is one of the Saronic Islands of Greece in the Saronic Gulf, from Athens. Tradition derives the name from Aegina, the mother of Aeacus, who was born in and ruled the island. During ancient times, Aegina was a rival to Athens, the great sea power of the era.-Municipality:The municipality...
. An order from the Ministry of Justice
Minister for Justice (Greece)
The Ministry of Justice, Transparency and Human Rights is a government department of Greece entrusted with the supervision of the country's legal and judicial system. It was founded as the State Justice Secretariat in April 1833, and was known as the Ministry of Justice until October 2009...
declared: "Antypas should be placed in isolation and no one should talk to him. If he doesn't comply with this he should be confined to his cell and be served food without salt".
In 1900 he returned to Kefalonia, where he published the journal Anastasi, which was closed down by the authorities because of its content. In the same period he worked with his father, a carpenter but also a wood sculptor (one of his works is preserved in the Church of Saint Gregory in Hamolako Pilarou).
At that time he fathered two girls, naming one Anarchia (Anarchy) and the other Epanastasi (Revolution).
He also established the "People's Reading Place" "Equality" which became the centre of political and spiritual debate on the island.
In 1903 he visited his uncle Gerasimos Skiadaresis in Bucharest
Bucharest
Bucharest is the capital municipality, cultural, industrial, and financial centre of Romania. It is the largest city in Romania, located in the southeast of the country, at , and lies on the banks of the Dâmbovița River....
and convinced him to buy farming land in Greece. Antypas returned again to Kefalonia and republished his Anastasi newspaper, for which he was arrested but found innocent in the following trial.
His Socialist Radical party participated in the 1906 general election, but won few votes.
After that he left for Pyrgetos
Pyrgetos
Pyrgetos is a village in the Larissa Prefecture and seat of the former municipality of Kato Olympos, which is part of the municipality of Tempi in the Larissa peripheral unit, Thessaly, Greece....
(Larissa Prefecture
Larissa Prefecture
Larissa is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Thessaly. Its capital is the city of Larissa. -Geography:...
) where his uncle had bought a large estate. There he began to agitate over the rights of farmers. One of his suggestions was that the farmers should not work in Sundays but use that day to take their children to school. His teachings were received positively by the farmers but the owners of the agrarian estates disliked him. They paid 30,000 drachmas to a supervisor named Kyriakou to kill Antypas, which he did during the March 8, 1907.
His killer was never brought to justice for the crime. After the death of his nephew, Skiadaresis sold his estates and left the area.
Mentions of Antypas
- In Pylaro there is a statue to Marinos Antypas, in the "Myloi" area where he once held a speech.
- A film, starring Nikos KourkoulosNikos KourkoulosNikos Kourkoulos was a highly respected Greek theatrical and film performer, one of the most talented and recognizable actors in Greece of modern times...
, based loosely on his life was made in 1966, entitled "The Earth was painted Red".
Sources
- Spiros D. Loukatos, Marinos Sp. Antypas, His Life, Era, Ideology, Actions and his Assassination, Athens 1980.
- George N. Moschopoulos, History of Kefalonia (A Synopsis of the author's two-volume book), trans. Angelica Vrettou, n.p. 2002, pp. 88–95, ISBN 960-90811-26