Mariano Goybet
Encyclopedia
Mariano Francisco Julio Goybet (17 August 1861 - 29 September 1943) was a French Army
general that held several senior commands in World War I
.
which can be traced back to the fourteenth century. They are descended from Louis VIII of France
, father of Louis IX of France
(St Louis) and allied to the local nobility. They were notaries, dealers, mayors, lords of The Manor, military and industrial people.
One branch of the family was ennobled. There was a provincial governor in 1753 called Goybet de Lutrin de Grilly. He oversaw the provinces of Chablais
and Genevois
. The family's coat of arms consists of a blue field with three silver stars at the head and an upturned crescent at the point. Traversing the center is a bar of gold.
Mariano Goybet was the son of Pierre Jules Goybet (1823–1912), an industrialist and Marie Bravais. Marie was the niece of the physician Auguste Bravais
, who studied the composition of crystal.
His grandmother was Louise de Montgolfier
, niece of the famous inventors of the hot air balloon
.
Mariano Goybet’s father and uncle brought paper making to Spain
. He also fabricated steam machinery and was made Chevalier and a member of the superior Council of Industry by the Spanish Queen.
, Spain
to Pierre Jules Goybet and Marie Goybet. He was educated at the Lycée de Lyon, then at the École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr
, from which he graduated as a sous-lieutenant in 1884.
He served in the 2nd Regiment of Tirailleurs Algériens ("Turcos"), where he married Marguerite Lespieau, the daughter of his commanding officer, General Theodore Lespieau, who had fought in the Crimean War
, the French conquest of Kabylia, the Franco-Prussian War
and the Paris Commune
). Goybet was promoted to lieutenant
in the 140th Regiment of Infantry, stationed in Grenoble
, and then attended L’Ecole de Guerre (the War College), graduating with honors in 1892.
He served on the staff of the 27th Infantry Division, was promoted to capitaine
in 1893 and was appointed as orderly officer to General Zédé, Governor of Lyon, in 1896. He commanded a company of the 99th Regiment of Infantry then, following another staff appointment, he was made chef de bataillon of the 159th Regiment of Infantry.
In 1907 he took command of the 30th Battalion of Chasseurs Alpins as lieutenant-colonel. He was still in command of this battalion when he was promoted to colonel
. He was a good climber and skier and made many treacherous ascents with his troops in the Alps
, including Mont Blanc
, La Meije
, and La Grande Casse
).
Source :.
he was assigned to the Vosges
front with his Alpine battalion. In August, the first battles in Alsace were victorious: Gunsbach
, Logelbach, Munster
. He seized a convoy of infantry (Bavarois) at Col Manday. Placed at the head of the 152nd infantry regiment, the success in Alsace was followed by that of the Vosges (Ormont
and Spitzenberg).
He then took command of the 81st Brigade. His troops took Steinbach
in Alsace
.
His son, Sergent Frederic Goybet was killed while fighting in the Vosges
and Somme
. Months later he lost another son, the adjutant Adrien Goybet who died conducting his section towards the trenches of Vandales in 1915.
Source:
front. In autumn his division was transported north to the Battle of the Somme
. He commanded the 50th Brigade.
He was awarded the Order of the Army by Marechal Philippe Pétain
.
March 19, 1919
Extract
"He showed the best qualities of Chief at the battles of Ormont and Spitzenberg in September 1914, and at the battle of Steinbach and in the Vosges during the winter of 1914-1915. He was wounded in April 1915." - Marshal Philippe Pétain
Source:
. In August his men seized the woods of Avocourt
after heavy fighting . In December, he was promoted to General.
Source:
.” It was reconstituted by putting together the 333rd Infantry Regiment (French) with the American 371st and the 372nd American Regiments
(the 372nd being one of the oldest African American
battalions, dating back to the American Civil War
). The core of the 372nd was the National Guard unit which had defended the Capitol
Building and Washington, D.C.
Those troops were chosen because they were considered to be extremely loyal.
General Goybet took special notice of the fact this was the first 4th of July to be celebrated by his Franco-American Division.
The 157th Division participated with the Fourth Army
in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive
. With violent attacks, General Goybet broke the enemy front at Monthois
, taking many prisoners and considerable materiel
. After that he occupied the Vosges at the front of Sainte Marie les Mines.
The bravery of the African American soldiers is without doubt and has been recognized even it's sometimes a long way. One of the best examples is Freddie Stowers
of the 371st Infantry Regiment who was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor
for exceptional heroism. His two surviving sisters Georgina and Mary received the medal at the White House
in 1991 from President George H. W. Bush
.
Source :
Source:
Source :
Source :
In 1920 General Goybet was called by the General Henri Gouraud to command the Third Division of Levant
.
The Arab Revolt
, begun in 1916, was a fight for Arab independence from the Ottoman Empire
. “Laurence of Arabia” helped the Arabs in this fight on the side of Faysal. They were supported by the British troops of General Edmund Allenby
. Damascus
fell on 1 October 1918.
Faysal was proclaimed King of Syria in March 1920. The powerful nations will share the Near East at the conference of San Remo
in Italy
in April 1920. Lebanon
and Syria
became a French mandate
and in July 1920, the 24th Division commanded by General Goybet advanced on Damascus
. After the battle of Maysaloun, General Goybet's troops arrived in Damascus
. Faysal escaped.
An ancestor of General Goybet had been made prisoner in Damascus. It is Jean Montgolfier during the Second Crusade in 1147.
Source :,,
.
He died in Yenne
, France in 1943.
Source : Henri Goybet
and took part in the Italian campaign and Crimea
. In 1860 he was squadron chief in the lancers of Florence and he chose France. He finished his career as General Inspector of French Cavalry
. He occupied Mainz
in 1917.
Pierre Goybet. He took part in the Battle of Verdun
and commanded a cruiser in World War II.
(Force 136, whose commandos inspired the famous movie The Bridge on the River Kwai
).
He was parachuted into Japanese occupied Cambodia
in 1945, where he prepared the landing of the troops of General Leclerc. He served in the Indo-Chinese Campaign (1951–1954) as an Intelligence service officer as well as the Algeria
n campaign (1958–1961).
He was a Chevalier of the French Legion of Honor. The family has three generations of Legion of Honor recipients. The association of hereditary honors A.H.H. regroups all the families who have the necessary credentials. (Regulation of 1814 by Louis XVIII “to perpetuate in families the zeal for the good of the state by honorable souvenirs”). Chevalier
Henri Goybet his son wanted to honor his Great-Grandfather who was in the Alpine troops for his military Service in the 27th Alpine Infantry Division. He is a member of A.H.H. The association includes 300 families in France.
The family descends from Jeanne d’Artois, Louis VIII of France
and the King Henry III of England
(1207–1272) and has common ancestors with a number of American Presidents, among them George Washington
and Franklin D. Roosevelt
.
Henri III is the great grandfather of Jeanne d’Artois.
Source: Mariano & Henri Goybet, Pierre Jaillard
Links both in French and English
French Army
The French Army, officially the Armée de Terre , is the land-based and largest component of the French Armed Forces.As of 2010, the army employs 123,100 regulars, 18,350 part-time reservists and 7,700 Legionnaires. All soldiers are professionals, following the suspension of conscription, voted in...
general that held several senior commands in World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
.
An old Savoy family
The Goybets are an old family of SavoySavoy
Savoy is a region of France. It comprises roughly the territory of the Western Alps situated between Lake Geneva in the north and Monaco and the Mediterranean coast in the south....
which can be traced back to the fourteenth century. They are descended from Louis VIII of France
Louis VIII of France
Louis VIII the Lion reigned as King of France from 1223 to 1226. He was a member of the House of Capet. Louis VIII was born in Paris, France, the son of Philip II Augustus and Isabelle of Hainaut. He was also Count of Artois, inheriting the county from his mother, from 1190–1226...
, father of Louis IX of France
Louis IX of France
Louis IX , commonly Saint Louis, was King of France from 1226 until his death. He was also styled Louis II, Count of Artois from 1226 to 1237. Born at Poissy, near Paris, he was an eighth-generation descendant of Hugh Capet, and thus a member of the House of Capet, and the son of Louis VIII and...
(St Louis) and allied to the local nobility. They were notaries, dealers, mayors, lords of The Manor, military and industrial people.
One branch of the family was ennobled. There was a provincial governor in 1753 called Goybet de Lutrin de Grilly. He oversaw the provinces of Chablais
Chablais
Chablais was a province of the Duchy of Savoy. Its capital was Thonon-les-Bains.This region is currently divided into three territories, the Chablais savoyard, the Chablais valaisan, and the Chablais vaudois, and is now split across two countries: France and Switzerland...
and Genevois
Genevois
Genevois is the name used in Geneva used for the dialect of Arpitan used in the canton of Geneva. The title « Cé qu'è lainô » of the anthem of Geneva is in Genevois....
. The family's coat of arms consists of a blue field with three silver stars at the head and an upturned crescent at the point. Traversing the center is a bar of gold.
Mariano Goybet was the son of Pierre Jules Goybet (1823–1912), an industrialist and Marie Bravais. Marie was the niece of the physician Auguste Bravais
Auguste Bravais
Auguste Bravais was a French physicist, well known for his work in crystallography...
, who studied the composition of crystal.
His grandmother was Louise de Montgolfier
Montgolfier brothers
Joseph-Michel Montgolfier and Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier were the inventors of the montgolfière-style hot air balloon, globe aérostatique. The brothers succeeded in launching the first manned ascent, carrying Étienne into the sky...
, niece of the famous inventors of the hot air balloon
Hot air balloon
The hot air balloon is the oldest successful human-carrying flight technology. It is in a class of aircraft known as balloon aircraft. On November 21, 1783, in Paris, France, the first untethered manned flight was made by Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and François Laurent d'Arlandes in a hot air...
.
Mariano Goybet’s father and uncle brought paper making to Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
. He also fabricated steam machinery and was made Chevalier and a member of the superior Council of Industry by the Spanish Queen.
Before the war
Goybet was born in ZaragozaZaragoza
Zaragoza , also called Saragossa in English, is the capital city of the Zaragoza Province and of the autonomous community of Aragon, Spain...
, Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
to Pierre Jules Goybet and Marie Goybet. He was educated at the Lycée de Lyon, then at the École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr
École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr
The École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr is the foremost French military academy. Its official name is . It is often referred to as Saint-Cyr . Its motto is "Ils s'instruisent pour vaincre": literally "They study to vanquish" or "Training for victory"...
, from which he graduated as a sous-lieutenant in 1884.
He served in the 2nd Regiment of Tirailleurs Algériens ("Turcos"), where he married Marguerite Lespieau, the daughter of his commanding officer, General Theodore Lespieau, who had fought in the Crimean War
Crimean War
The Crimean War was a conflict fought between the Russian Empire and an alliance of the French Empire, the British Empire, the Ottoman Empire, and the Kingdom of Sardinia. The war was part of a long-running contest between the major European powers for influence over territories of the declining...
, the French conquest of Kabylia, the Franco-Prussian War
Franco-Prussian War
The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the 1870 War was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia. Prussia was aided by the North German Confederation, of which it was a member, and the South German states of Baden, Württemberg and...
and the Paris Commune
Paris Commune
The Paris Commune was a government that briefly ruled Paris from March 18 to May 28, 1871. It existed before the split between anarchists and Marxists had taken place, and it is hailed by both groups as the first assumption of power by the working class during the Industrial Revolution...
). Goybet was promoted to lieutenant
Lieutenant
A lieutenant is a junior commissioned officer in many nations' armed forces. Typically, the rank of lieutenant in naval usage, while still a junior officer rank, is senior to the army rank...
in the 140th Regiment of Infantry, stationed in Grenoble
Grenoble
Grenoble is a city in southeastern France, at the foot of the French Alps where the river Drac joins the Isère. Located in the Rhône-Alpes region, Grenoble is the capital of the department of Isère...
, and then attended L’Ecole de Guerre (the War College), graduating with honors in 1892.
He served on the staff of the 27th Infantry Division, was promoted to capitaine
Capitaine
Capitaine, derived from the French for Captain, may also refer to:-Fish:* Hogfish , an edible marine fish in the Labridae family, found in the western Atlantic...
in 1893 and was appointed as orderly officer to General Zédé, Governor of Lyon, in 1896. He commanded a company of the 99th Regiment of Infantry then, following another staff appointment, he was made chef de bataillon of the 159th Regiment of Infantry.
In 1907 he took command of the 30th Battalion of Chasseurs Alpins as lieutenant-colonel. He was still in command of this battalion when he was promoted to colonel
Colonel
Colonel , abbreviated Col or COL, is a military rank of a senior commissioned officer. It or a corresponding rank exists in most armies and in many air forces; the naval equivalent rank is generally "Captain". It is also used in some police forces and other paramilitary rank structures...
. He was a good climber and skier and made many treacherous ascents with his troops in the Alps
Alps
The Alps is one of the great mountain range systems of Europe, stretching from Austria and Slovenia in the east through Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Germany to France in the west....
, including Mont Blanc
Mont Blanc
Mont Blanc or Monte Bianco , meaning "White Mountain", is the highest mountain in the Alps, Western Europe and the European Union. It rises above sea level and is ranked 11th in the world in topographic prominence...
, La Meije
Meije
La Meije is a mountain in the Massif des Écrins range, located at the border of the Hautes-Alpes and Isère départements. It overlooks the nearby village of La Grave, a mountaineering centre and ski resort, well-known for its off-piste and extreme skiing possibilities.La Meije is composed of three...
, and La Grande Casse
Grande Casse
The Grande Casse is the highest mountain in the Vanoise Massif in the Graian Alps.The first ascent was by William Mathews with guides Michel Croz and E. Favre on 8 August 1860.-External links:*...
).
Source :.
1914 Alsace and Vosges
At the start of World War IWorld War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
he was assigned to the Vosges
Vosges
Vosges is a French department, named after the local mountain range. It contains the hometown of Joan of Arc, Domrémy.-History:The Vosges department is one of the original 83 departments of France, created on February 9, 1790 during the French Revolution. It was made of territories that had been...
front with his Alpine battalion. In August, the first battles in Alsace were victorious: Gunsbach
Gunsbach
Gunsbach is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France.-People:Albert Schweitzer grew up here in the late 19th century, when the region had been incorporated to the German Empire. The town is home to the International Albert Schweitzer Association, with a small museum...
, Logelbach, Munster
Munster
Munster is one of the Provinces of Ireland situated in the south of Ireland. In Ancient Ireland, it was one of the fifths ruled by a "king of over-kings" . Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for administrative and judicial purposes...
. He seized a convoy of infantry (Bavarois) at Col Manday. Placed at the head of the 152nd infantry regiment, the success in Alsace was followed by that of the Vosges (Ormont
Ormont
Ormont is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany...
and Spitzenberg).
He then took command of the 81st Brigade. His troops took Steinbach
Steinbach, Haut-Rhin
Steinbach is a communes in the Haut-Rhin department in Alsace in north-eastern France.-References:*...
in Alsace
Alsace
Alsace is the fifth-smallest of the 27 regions of France in land area , and the smallest in metropolitan France. It is also the seventh-most densely populated region in France and third most densely populated region in metropolitan France, with ca. 220 inhabitants per km²...
.
His son, Sergent Frederic Goybet was killed while fighting in the Vosges
Vosges
Vosges is a French department, named after the local mountain range. It contains the hometown of Joan of Arc, Domrémy.-History:The Vosges department is one of the original 83 departments of France, created on February 9, 1790 during the French Revolution. It was made of territories that had been...
and Somme
Somme
Somme is a department of France, located in the north of the country and named after the Somme river. It is part of the Picardy region of France....
. Months later he lost another son, the adjutant Adrien Goybet who died conducting his section towards the trenches of Vandales in 1915.
Source:
1915 Verdun
He was wounded twice at Hartmanweilerskopf. Afterwards, he joined the 98th Infantry Regiment (part of the 50th Brigade and 25th Division) at the VerdunVerdun
Verdun is a city in the Meuse department in Lorraine in north-eastern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department.Verdun is the biggest city in Meuse, although the capital of the department is the slightly smaller city of Bar-le-Duc.- History :...
front. In autumn his division was transported north to the Battle of the Somme
Somme
Somme is a department of France, located in the north of the country and named after the Somme river. It is part of the Picardy region of France....
. He commanded the 50th Brigade.
He was awarded the Order of the Army by Marechal Philippe Pétain
Philippe Pétain
Henri Philippe Benoni Omer Joseph Pétain , generally known as Philippe Pétain or Marshal Pétain , was a French general who reached the distinction of Marshal of France, and was later Chief of State of Vichy France , from 1940 to 1944...
.
March 19, 1919
Extract
"He showed the best qualities of Chief at the battles of Ormont and Spitzenberg in September 1914, and at the battle of Steinbach and in the Vosges during the winter of 1914-1915. He was wounded in April 1915." - Marshal Philippe Pétain
Philippe Pétain
Henri Philippe Benoni Omer Joseph Pétain , generally known as Philippe Pétain or Marshal Pétain , was a French general who reached the distinction of Marshal of France, and was later Chief of State of Vichy France , from 1940 to 1944...
Source:
1917 the Pursuit of the Germans
In the beginning of 1917 he took command of the 25th Infantry Division and, as the enemy retreated, he pursued them to the city of Saint QuentinSaint Quentin
Saint Quentin , Quintinus in Latin, also known as Quentin of Amiens, is an early Christian saint. No real details are known of his life.-Martyrdom:...
. In August his men seized the woods of Avocourt
Avocourt
Avocourt is a commune in the Meuse department in the Lorraine region in north-eastern France....
after heavy fighting . In December, he was promoted to General.
Source:
1918 victory With the Red Hand: African American soldiers in the battle
The Red Hand Division
In May 1918, General Goybet was called by Headquarters to command the 157th Division, which had been decimated after the “Chemin des DamesChemin des Dames
In France, the Chemin des Dames is part of the D18 and runs east and west in the département of Aisne, between in the west, the Route Nationale 2, and in the east, the D1044 at Corbeny. It is some thirty kilometres long and runs along a ridge between the valleys of the rivers Aisne and Ailette...
.” It was reconstituted by putting together the 333rd Infantry Regiment (French) with the American 371st and the 372nd American Regiments
372nd Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 372nd Infantry Regiment. was an African American regiment, nominally a part of the 93rd Infantry Division , that served with the French Army in World War I....
(the 372nd being one of the oldest African American
African American
African Americans are citizens or residents of the United States who have at least partial ancestry from any of the native populations of Sub-Saharan Africa and are the direct descendants of enslaved Africans within the boundaries of the present United States...
battalions, dating back to the American Civil War
American Civil War
The American Civil War was a civil war fought in the United States of America. In response to the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, 11 southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America ; the other 25...
). The core of the 372nd was the National Guard unit which had defended the Capitol
United States Capitol
The United States Capitol is the meeting place of the United States Congress, the legislature of the federal government of the United States. Located in Washington, D.C., it sits atop Capitol Hill at the eastern end of the National Mall...
Building and Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, "the District", or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States. On July 16, 1790, the United States Congress approved the creation of a permanent national capital as permitted by the U.S. Constitution....
Those troops were chosen because they were considered to be extremely loyal.
General Goybet took special notice of the fact this was the first 4th of July to be celebrated by his Franco-American Division.
"It is striking demonstration of the long standing and blood-cemented friendship which binds together our two great nations. The sons of the soldiers of Lafayette greet the sons of the soldiers of George WashingtonGeorge WashingtonGeorge Washington was the dominant military and political leader of the new United States of America from 1775 to 1799. He led the American victory over Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army from 1775 to 1783, and presided over the writing of...
who have come over to fight as in 1776, in a new and greater way of independence. The same success which followed the glorious fights for the cause of liberty is sure to crown our common effort now and bring about the final victory of right and justice over Barbarity and oppression."
The 157th Division participated with the Fourth Army
Fourth Army (France)
The Fourth Army was a Field army of the French Army, which fought during World War I and World War II.-World War I:*General Fernand de Langle de Cary *General Henri Gouraud...
in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive
Meuse-Argonne Offensive
The Meuse-Argonne Offensive, or Maas-Argonne Offensive, also called the Battle of the Argonne Forest, was a part of the final Allied offensive of World War I that stretched along the entire western front.-Overview:...
. With violent attacks, General Goybet broke the enemy front at Monthois
Monthois
Monthois is a commune in the Ardennes department in northern France.-Population:...
, taking many prisoners and considerable materiel
Materiel
Materiel is a term used in English to refer to the equipment and supplies in military and commercial supply chain management....
. After that he occupied the Vosges at the front of Sainte Marie les Mines.
October 8, 1918
General Order No. 234
- "'I am proud to forward you herewith the thanks and congratulations of General Garnier-Duplessix and I want at the same time, dear friends of all ranks Americans and French, to tell you as your leader and as a soldier, from the bottom of my heart how grateful I am to you all for the glory you have acquired for our splendid 157th Division.
- "In these nine hard days of battle you have pushed ahead for eight kilometers, fought powerful enemy formations, captured close to 600 prisoners, taken 15 guns light and heavy, 20 infantry mortars and artillery ammunition and brought down by rifle 3 aeroplanes. The red hand of this division is now in truth a blood-reeking hand. I grappled the Boche at the throat and made him yell for mercy. Our glorious comrades who died are well avenged."
General Goybet commanding the 157th Division
The bravery of the African American soldiers is without doubt and has been recognized even it's sometimes a long way. One of the best examples is Freddie Stowers
Freddie Stowers
Freddie Stowers was a Corporal in the United States Army who posthumously received the Medal of Honor for his actions in World War I while serving in an American unit under French command....
of the 371st Infantry Regiment who was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor
Medal of Honor
The Medal of Honor is the highest military decoration awarded by the United States government. It is bestowed by the President, in the name of Congress, upon members of the United States Armed Forces who distinguish themselves through "conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his or her...
for exceptional heroism. His two surviving sisters Georgina and Mary received the medal at the White House
White House
The White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the president of the United States. Located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., the house was designed by Irish-born James Hoban, and built between 1792 and 1800 of white-painted Aquia sandstone in the Neoclassical...
in 1991 from President George H. W. Bush
George H. W. Bush
George Herbert Walker Bush is an American politician who served as the 41st President of the United States . He had previously served as the 43rd Vice President of the United States , a congressman, an ambassador, and Director of Central Intelligence.Bush was born in Milton, Massachusetts, to...
.
Source :
Distinguished Service Medal awarded by General Pershing
My dear General, the President delegated me to confer you the Distinguished Service MedalDistinguished Service Medal (United States)The Distinguished Service Medal is the highest non-valorous military and civilian decoration of the United States military which is issued for exceptionally meritorious service to the government of the United States in either a senior government service position or as a senior officer of the United...
in the name of the United StatesUnited StatesThe United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
government:
As Commander of the 157th French Division of Infantry, you have been an important factor in the success of the allies by your valiant leadership and eminent tactical ability. The officers and soldiers of the 371st and 372nd American Iinfantry Regiments count it a great honor to have served as part of your command in the operations conducted by you in Champagne, FranceChampagne, FranceChampagne is a historic province in the northeast of France, now best known for the sparkling white wine that bears its name.Formerly ruled by the counts of Champagne, its western edge is about 100 miles east of Paris. The cities of Troyes, Reims, and Épernay are the commercial centers of the area...
and in the VosgesVosgesVosges is a French department, named after the local mountain range. It contains the hometown of Joan of Arc, Domrémy.-History:The Vosges department is one of the original 83 departments of France, created on February 9, 1790 during the French Revolution. It was made of territories that had been...
.
General John J. PershingJohn J. PershingJohn Joseph "Black Jack" Pershing, GCB , was a general officer in the United States Army who led the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I...
Source:
Mariano gives his military honor to his troops
H.Q. 19 December 1918
General Order No. 248
Officers, Non-commissioned Officers, sappers, soldiers, gunners and cavalry men of the 157th Division:
The Marshal of France, commander in chief of the French Army, has ordered the dissolution of our division on the 20th of December 1918. It is therefore the last farewell I address to you this day, which is the last one I have the honor to command you. During seven months you gave everything I demanded of you. You have shown yourself strong in defense, hardy and aggressive in the ‘Coup de mains’, magnificently brave and gallant in offense.
You have gloriously ended the 157th Division career in the course of the great battle of Champaign, in breaking strongly fortified positions, in progressing in a fierce struggle of nine days for more than eight kilometers, taking from the enemy a thousand prisoners, more than 20 guns, several hundred machine guns and enormous materiel.
During our mutual life, the powerful bonds which kept us together have been tightened by the sorrow of our cruel losses, as well as in then joy of victory. You gave me your confidence. In my turn I have given you the most precious thing I have to give: MY MILITARY HONOR. It has been put in good hands. With my soldier’s heart I thank you.
The Division's elements will be distributed to other organizations. You will take with your traditions of courage, discipline and affection to your new chiefs. To those who will ask were you come from, you will answer with pride, "We are the soldiers of the Division Goybet, the Division with the Red Hand: it was a fine Division!" And you will give a proof of it by your conduct. In the memory of our dear dead I piously kiss the sacred folds of your banners. They have been worn out in the battle, they now wave on the winds of victory.
General Goybet
Source :
Former President Theodore Roosevelt on the African Americans' part in the war
Carnegie, Hall New York, on November 2, 1918
Extract
- "Well, thank Heaven we went in, and our men on the other side, our sons and brothers on the other side, white men and black, white soldiers and colored soldiers, have been so active that every American now can walk with his hand up and look the citizen of any other country in the world straight in the eyes, and we have the satisfaction of knowing that we have played the decisive part.
- "And now friends I want as an American to thank you, and as a your fellow American to congratulate you upon the honor won and the service rendered by the colored troops on the other side."
Source :
Damascus, the Holy City
Levant
The Levant or ) is the geographic region and culture zone of the "eastern Mediterranean littoral between Anatolia and Egypt" . The Levant includes most of modern Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Israel, the Palestinian territories, and sometimes parts of Turkey and Iraq, and corresponds roughly to the...
.
The Arab Revolt
Arab Revolt
The Arab Revolt was initiated by the Sherif Hussein bin Ali with the aim of securing independence from the ruling Ottoman Turks and creating a single unified Arab state spanning from Aleppo in Syria to Aden in Yemen.- Background :...
, begun in 1916, was a fight for Arab independence from the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
. “Laurence of Arabia” helped the Arabs in this fight on the side of Faysal. They were supported by the British troops of General Edmund Allenby
Edmund Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby
Field Marshal Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby GCB, GCMG, GCVO was a British soldier and administrator most famous for his role during the First World War, in which he led the Egyptian Expeditionary Force in the conquest of Palestine and Syria in 1917 and 1918.Allenby, nicknamed...
. Damascus
Damascus
Damascus , commonly known in Syria as Al Sham , and as the City of Jasmine , is the capital and the second largest city of Syria after Aleppo, both are part of the country's 14 governorates. In addition to being one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, Damascus is a major...
fell on 1 October 1918.
"We have, I think changed the current of history in the Near East, I ask myself how the great powerful nations will let the Arabs have their way." - T. E. LawrenceT. E. LawrenceLieutenant Colonel Thomas Edward Lawrence, CB, DSO , known professionally as T. E. Lawrence, was a British Army officer renowned especially for his liaison role during the Arab Revolt against Ottoman Turkish rule of 1916–18...
October 18, 1918.
Faysal was proclaimed King of Syria in March 1920. The powerful nations will share the Near East at the conference of San Remo
Sanremo
Sanremo or San Remo is a city with about 57,000 inhabitants on the Mediterranean coast of western Liguria in north-western Italy. Founded in Roman times, the city is best known as a tourist destination on the Italian Riviera. It hosts numerous cultural events, such as the Sanremo Music Festival...
in Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
in April 1920. Lebanon
Lebanon
Lebanon , officially the Republic of LebanonRepublic of Lebanon is the most common term used by Lebanese government agencies. The term Lebanese Republic, a literal translation of the official Arabic and French names that is not used in today's world. Arabic is the most common language spoken among...
and Syria
Syria
Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest....
became a French mandate
Mandate
Mandate can refer to:*Mandate , an obligation handed down by an inter-governmental body*Mandate , an official or authoritative command; an order or injunction*Mandate , the power granted by an electorate...
and in July 1920, the 24th Division commanded by General Goybet advanced on Damascus
Damascus
Damascus , commonly known in Syria as Al Sham , and as the City of Jasmine , is the capital and the second largest city of Syria after Aleppo, both are part of the country's 14 governorates. In addition to being one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, Damascus is a major...
. After the battle of Maysaloun, General Goybet's troops arrived in Damascus
Damascus
Damascus , commonly known in Syria as Al Sham , and as the City of Jasmine , is the capital and the second largest city of Syria after Aleppo, both are part of the country's 14 governorates. In addition to being one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, Damascus is a major...
. Faysal escaped.
GENERAL ORDER No. 22
Aley, 24 July 1920
- "The General is deeply happy to address his congratulations to the General Goybet and his valiant troops: 415th of line, 2nd Algerian sharpshooters, 11th and 10th Senegalese sharpshooters, light-infantry-men of Africa, Moroccan trooper regiment, batteries of African groups, batteries of 155, 314, company of tanks, bombardment groups and squadrons who in the hard fight of 24 of July, have broken the resistance of the enemy who defied us for 8 months.
- "They have engraved a glorious page to the history of our country." - General Gouraud
An ancestor of General Goybet had been made prisoner in Damascus. It is Jean Montgolfier during the Second Crusade in 1147.
- "Isn’t it justice that allowed to the descendant of the slave to come in victorious to the Holy City." - Mariano Goybet
Source :,,
Later life
Mariano was appreciated by his chiefs that found him a good tactician and a very cultivated man. He was friend with General Gouraud, Debenay, Petain. They admire his personnel library. He had passion for the arts and drew very well. The family book he made is an example of his artistic side. He liked also poetry. He had a correspondence with his favorite author Rudyard KiplingRudyard Kipling
Joseph Rudyard Kipling was an English poet, short-story writer, and novelist chiefly remembered for his celebration of British imperialism, tales and poems of British soldiers in India, and his tales for children. Kipling received the 1907 Nobel Prize for Literature...
.
He died in Yenne
Yenne
Yenne is a commune in the Savoie department in the Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France.-External links:*...
, France in 1943.
Source : Henri Goybet
Charles Goybet (1825-1910) Division General
His uncle, Charles Goybet, was in the cavalry in the Army of SardiniaSardinia
Sardinia is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea . It is an autonomous region of Italy, and the nearest land masses are the French island of Corsica, the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Tunisia and the Spanish Balearic Islands.The name Sardinia is from the pre-Roman noun *sard[],...
and took part in the Italian campaign and Crimea
Crimean War
The Crimean War was a conflict fought between the Russian Empire and an alliance of the French Empire, the British Empire, the Ottoman Empire, and the Kingdom of Sardinia. The war was part of a long-running contest between the major European powers for influence over territories of the declining...
. In 1860 he was squadron chief in the lancers of Florence and he chose France. He finished his career as General Inspector of French Cavalry
Cavalry
Cavalry or horsemen were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback. Cavalry were historically the third oldest and the most mobile of the combat arms...
Victor Goybet (1845-1947) Division General
His brother Victor was General in the Alpine troops. He participated to the defense of VerdunVerdun
Verdun is a city in the Meuse department in Lorraine in north-eastern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department.Verdun is the biggest city in Meuse, although the capital of the department is the slightly smaller city of Bar-le-Duc.- History :...
. He occupied Mainz
Mainz
Mainz under the Holy Roman Empire, and previously was a Roman fort city which commanded the west bank of the Rhine and formed part of the northernmost frontier of the Roman Empire...
in 1917.
Henri Goybet (1868-1958) Vessel Captain
His brother Henri was Vessel Captain and organized the defense of Paris by creating 10 section of cars with projectors. He is also Chief general staff of the Admiral Ronach in 1917.Rear Admiral Pierre Goybet (1887-1963)
The third son of Mariano is Rear AdmiralRear Admiral
Rear admiral is a naval commissioned officer rank above that of a commodore and captain, and below that of a vice admiral. It is generally regarded as the lowest of the "admiral" ranks, which are also sometimes referred to as "flag officers" or "flag ranks"...
Pierre Goybet. He took part in the Battle of Verdun
Battle of Verdun
The Battle of Verdun was one of the major battles during the First World War on the Western Front. It was fought between the German and French armies, from 21 February – 18 December 1916, on hilly terrain north of the city of Verdun-sur-Meuse in north-eastern France...
and commanded a cruiser in World War II.
Adrien Goybet (1922-1995) Marine Infantry Battalion Chief
Adrien Goybet, the son of the Admiral, was Chef de Battaillon ("Battalion Commander") in the Infantry de la Marine (Colonial Infantry). He trained with British troops under Lord Admiral MountbattenLouis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma
Admiral of the Fleet Louis Francis Albert Victor Nicholas George Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma, KG, GCB, OM, GCSI, GCIE, GCVO, DSO, PC, FRS , was a British statesman and naval officer, and an uncle of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh...
(Force 136, whose commandos inspired the famous movie The Bridge on the River Kwai
The Bridge on the River Kwai
The Bridge on the River Kwai is a 1957 British World War II film by David Lean based on The Bridge over the River Kwai by French writer Pierre Boulle. The film is a work of fiction but borrows the construction of the Burma Railway in 1942–43 for its historical setting. It stars William...
).
He was parachuted into Japanese occupied Cambodia
Cambodia
Cambodia , officially known as the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia...
in 1945, where he prepared the landing of the troops of General Leclerc. He served in the Indo-Chinese Campaign (1951–1954) as an Intelligence service officer as well as the Algeria
Algeria
Algeria , officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria , also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwest Africa with Algiers as its capital.In terms of land area, it is the largest country in Africa and the Arab...
n campaign (1958–1961).
He was a Chevalier of the French Legion of Honor. The family has three generations of Legion of Honor recipients. The association of hereditary honors A.H.H. regroups all the families who have the necessary credentials. (Regulation of 1814 by Louis XVIII “to perpetuate in families the zeal for the good of the state by honorable souvenirs”). Chevalier
Knight
A knight was a member of a class of lower nobility in the High Middle Ages.By the Late Middle Ages, the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry, a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior....
Henri Goybet his son wanted to honor his Great-Grandfather who was in the Alpine troops for his military Service in the 27th Alpine Infantry Division. He is a member of A.H.H. The association includes 300 families in France.
The family descends from Jeanne d’Artois, Louis VIII of France
Louis VIII of France
Louis VIII the Lion reigned as King of France from 1223 to 1226. He was a member of the House of Capet. Louis VIII was born in Paris, France, the son of Philip II Augustus and Isabelle of Hainaut. He was also Count of Artois, inheriting the county from his mother, from 1190–1226...
and the King Henry III of England
Henry III of England
Henry III was the son and successor of John as King of England, reigning for 56 years from 1216 until his death. His contemporaries knew him as Henry of Winchester. He was the first child king in England since the reign of Æthelred the Unready...
(1207–1272) and has common ancestors with a number of American Presidents, among them George Washington
George Washington
George Washington was the dominant military and political leader of the new United States of America from 1775 to 1799. He led the American victory over Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army from 1775 to 1783, and presided over the writing of...
and Franklin D. Roosevelt
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Franklin Delano Roosevelt , also known by his initials, FDR, was the 32nd President of the United States and a central figure in world events during the mid-20th century, leading the United States during a time of worldwide economic crisis and world war...
.
Henri III is the great grandfather of Jeanne d’Artois.
Source: Mariano & Henri Goybet, Pierre Jaillard
Decorations
- Grand Officer of the Légion d’honneur
- Croix de guerre 1914-1918 with 4 palms
- Croix de guerre des théâtres d'opérations extérieuresCroix de guerre des Théatres d'Opérations ExterieuresThe Croix de guerre des théâtres d’opérations extérieures is a French medal rewarded for military service in foreign countries. It is granted to individuals who have received citations for their actions while engaged in military service overseas.-History:...
with 1 palm - Médaille Commémorative de la Grande Guerre
- Médaille Commémorative de Syrie-Cilicie
- Distinguished Service MedalDistinguished Service Medal (United States)The Distinguished Service Medal is the highest non-valorous military and civilian decoration of the United States military which is issued for exceptionally meritorious service to the government of the United States in either a senior government service position or as a senior officer of the United...
(US) - Companion of the Order of the BathOrder of the BathThe Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on 18 May 1725. The name derives from the elaborate mediæval ceremony for creating a knight, which involved bathing as one of its elements. The knights so created were known as Knights of the Bath...
(UK) - Knight of the Nicham El-AnouarOrdre du Nichan El-AnouarThe Ordre du Nichan El-Anouar was established in 1887 as a colonial order of merit of the Tajurah sultanate in French Somaliland.-Notable Recipients:...
- Médaille commémorative de la guerre 1914–1918Médaille commémorative de la guerre 1914–1918The Médaille commémorative de la guerre 1914–1918 was awarded to soldiers and sailors for service in World War I. It was also awarded to civilians who met certain requirements.-History:...
- Médaille commémorative de la Syrie-Sicile
- Insigne des blessés militairesInsigne des blessés militairesThe Insigne des blessés militaires is a French military decoration for wounds received in the line of duty.-History:It was instituted by a law of 11 December 1916, after an idea by the nationalist writer Maurice Barrès...
- Médaille Interalliée 1914–1918Médaille Interalliée 1914–1918The Médaille Interalliée 1914–1918, is a French commemorative medal established 20 July 1922. It was awarded to all soldiers who served three months, consecutive or not, between 2 August 1914 and 11 November 1918 in the war zone...
- Commander of the Order of the White Eagle (Serbia) with swords
- Knight of the Order of the Crown of ItalyOrder of the Crown of ItalyThe Order of the Crown of Italy was founded as a national order in 1868 by King Vittorio Emanuele II, to commemorate the unification of Italy in 1861...
- Officer of the Order of the RedeemerOrder of the RedeemerThe Order of the Redeemer , also known as the Order of the Savior, is an order of Greece. The Order of the Redeemer is the oldest and highest decoration awarded by the modern Greek state.- History :...
(Greece) - Knight of the Order of St. Olav (Norway)
- Knight of the Order of Military Merit (Spain)
External links
Links in FrenchLinks both in French and English