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Maria Christina of Austria

 
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Maria Christina of Austria
 
 
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Maria Christina of Austria (Maria Christina Désirée Henriette Felicitas Rainiera von Habsburg-Lothringen, 21 July 1858 – 6 February 1929) was the second Queen consort
Queen consort

A queen consort is the title given to the wife of a reigning Monarch. Queens consort usually share their husbands' Royal and noble ranks and hold the feminine equivalent of their husbands' monarchical titles....
 of King Alfonso XII of Spain
Alfonso XII of Spain

Alfonso XII was king of Spain, reigning from 1875 to 1885, after a coup d'?tat restored the monarchy and ended the ephemeral First Spanish Republic....
 and was Queen Regent
Regent

A regent, from the Latin regens "reigning", is a person selected to act as head of state because the ruler is a minor, not present or debilitated....
 of Spain
Spain

Spain or the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in Southern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though Espa?a , Estado espa?ol and Naci?n espa?ola are used interchangeably....
 during the minority of her son Alfonso XIII
Alfonso XIII of Spain

Alfonso XIII , List of Spanish monarchs, posthumous son of Alfonso XII of Spain, was proclaimed King at his birth. He reigned from 1886-1931. His mother, Maria Christina of Austria, was appointed regent during his minority....
 and during the abeyancy of the throne before his birth, from November 25 1885 - 7 May 1902.

Known to her family as Christa, she was born at Židlochovice Castle (Gross Seelowitz), near Brno
Brno

Brno is the second-largest city in the Czech Republic. It was founded in 1243, although the area had been settled since the 5th century. Today Brno has 403,304 inhabitants and is the seat of the Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic, Supreme Court, Supreme Administrative Court, Supreme Prosecutor's Office and Ombudsman....
, in Moravia
Moravia

Moravia is a Historical regions of Central Europe in the east of the Czech Republic, one of the former Czech lands. It takes its name from the Morava River, Central Europe which rises in the northwest of the region....
, a daughter of Archduke Karl Ferdinand and his wife, Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria
Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria

Elisabeth Franziska Maria, Archduchess of Austria, Princess of Hungary and Bohemia .Elisabeth of Austria was born in Ofen , Hungary, the daughter of Palatine Joseph of Hungary and his third wife Duchess Maria Dorothea von W?rttemberg ....
.

Her paternal grandparents were Archduke Charles of Austria and Princess Henriette Alexandrine of Nassau-Weilburg.

Maria Christina married King Alfonso XII of Spain on 29 November 1879 at the Basilica of Atocha
Atocha

File:Invernadero de Atocha, Madrid - view 3.JPGFile:Atocha.jpgAtocha Station is the largest train station in Madrid. It is the primary station serving commuter trains , intercity and regional trains from the south, and the AVE high-speed rails from Barcelona and Seville ....
 in Madrid
Madrid

Madrid is the Capital and largest city of Spain. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits in the European Union after Greater London and Berlin, and its Madrid metropolitan area is the Largest urban areas of the European Union in the European Union after Paris aire urbaine, Greater London Urban Area, a...
, and became the mother of his only three legitimate children: Infanta Mercedes, Princess of Asturias
Mercedes, Princess of Asturias

Infanta Mar?a de las Mercedes of Spain , Princess of the Asturias, for all 24 years of her life the Heiress Presumptive of the Spanish royal crown, and for a period in 1885 – 1886, the extant Head of State of Spain, was born as Do?a Mar?a de las Mercedes de Borb?n y Habsburgo-Lorena, eldest daughter of King Alfonso XII of Spain a...
, Infanta Maria Teresa of Spain
Infanta Maria Teresa of Spain

Infanta Maria Teresa of Spain was the second eldest child and daughter of Alfonso XII of Spain and his second wife Maria Christina of Austria....
, and Alfonso (born posthumously).






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Maria Christina of Austria (Maria Christina Désirée Henriette Felicitas Rainiera von Habsburg-Lothringen, 21 July 1858 – 6 February 1929) was the second Queen consort
Queen consort

A queen consort is the title given to the wife of a reigning Monarch. Queens consort usually share their husbands' Royal and noble ranks and hold the feminine equivalent of their husbands' monarchical titles....
 of King Alfonso XII of Spain
Alfonso XII of Spain

Alfonso XII was king of Spain, reigning from 1875 to 1885, after a coup d'?tat restored the monarchy and ended the ephemeral First Spanish Republic....
 and was Queen Regent
Regent

A regent, from the Latin regens "reigning", is a person selected to act as head of state because the ruler is a minor, not present or debilitated....
 of Spain
Spain

Spain or the Kingdom of Spain , is a country located in Southern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.The Spanish constitution does not establish any official denomination of the country, even though Espa?a , Estado espa?ol and Naci?n espa?ola are used interchangeably....
 during the minority of her son Alfonso XIII
Alfonso XIII of Spain

Alfonso XIII , List of Spanish monarchs, posthumous son of Alfonso XII of Spain, was proclaimed King at his birth. He reigned from 1886-1931. His mother, Maria Christina of Austria, was appointed regent during his minority....
 and during the abeyancy of the throne before his birth, from November 25 1885 - 7 May 1902.

Known to her family as Christa, she was born at Židlochovice Castle (Gross Seelowitz), near Brno
Brno

Brno is the second-largest city in the Czech Republic. It was founded in 1243, although the area had been settled since the 5th century. Today Brno has 403,304 inhabitants and is the seat of the Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic, Supreme Court, Supreme Administrative Court, Supreme Prosecutor's Office and Ombudsman....
, in Moravia
Moravia

Moravia is a Historical regions of Central Europe in the east of the Czech Republic, one of the former Czech lands. It takes its name from the Morava River, Central Europe which rises in the northwest of the region....
, a daughter of Archduke Karl Ferdinand and his wife, Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria
Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria

Elisabeth Franziska Maria, Archduchess of Austria, Princess of Hungary and Bohemia .Elisabeth of Austria was born in Ofen , Hungary, the daughter of Palatine Joseph of Hungary and his third wife Duchess Maria Dorothea von W?rttemberg ....
.

Her paternal grandparents were Archduke Charles of Austria and Princess Henriette Alexandrine of Nassau-Weilburg.

Maria Christina married King Alfonso XII of Spain on 29 November 1879 at the Basilica of Atocha
Atocha

File:Invernadero de Atocha, Madrid - view 3.JPGFile:Atocha.jpgAtocha Station is the largest train station in Madrid. It is the primary station serving commuter trains , intercity and regional trains from the south, and the AVE high-speed rails from Barcelona and Seville ....
 in Madrid
Madrid

Madrid is the Capital and largest city of Spain. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits in the European Union after Greater London and Berlin, and its Madrid metropolitan area is the Largest urban areas of the European Union in the European Union after Paris aire urbaine, Greater London Urban Area, a...
, and became the mother of his only three legitimate children: Infanta Mercedes, Princess of Asturias
Mercedes, Princess of Asturias

Infanta Mar?a de las Mercedes of Spain , Princess of the Asturias, for all 24 years of her life the Heiress Presumptive of the Spanish royal crown, and for a period in 1885 – 1886, the extant Head of State of Spain, was born as Do?a Mar?a de las Mercedes de Borb?n y Habsburgo-Lorena, eldest daughter of King Alfonso XII of Spain a...
, Infanta Maria Teresa of Spain
Infanta Maria Teresa of Spain

Infanta Maria Teresa of Spain was the second eldest child and daughter of Alfonso XII of Spain and his second wife Maria Christina of Austria....
, and Alfonso (born posthumously). His previous wife was Mercedes of Orléans
Mercedes of Orléans

Mar?a de las Mercedes d'Orl?ans y Borb?n, a.k.a Merc?d?s Marie des Graces d'Orleans-Montpensier was Queen Consort of Spain, the first wife of Alfonso XII....
, who had died half a year after their marriage, leaving no issue.

When the King died, Maria Christina was pregnant, so the throne was vacant, depending on whether Maria Christina's unborn child was a male or a female; a male would make that child king, while a female would place her elder daughter, Infanta Maria Mercedes, on the throne. During this period, Maria Christina ruled as regent
Regent

A regent, from the Latin regens "reigning", is a person selected to act as head of state because the ruler is a minor, not present or debilitated....
 until her child, a son, was born, who was Alfonso XIII of Spain
Alfonso XIII of Spain

Alfonso XIII , List of Spanish monarchs, posthumous son of Alfonso XII of Spain, was proclaimed King at his birth. He reigned from 1886-1931. His mother, Maria Christina of Austria, was appointed regent during his minority....
 from birth. Maria Christina continued as regent until Alfonso XIII attained his majority in 1902.

She was the 805th Dame
Dame

Dame meaning "lady"; entered Middle English from Latin domina, mistress, via French dame, .A Dame may be:*A female rank equivalent to a knight ....
 of the Royal Order of Queen Maria Luisa.

She died at the Royal Palace
Royal Palace of Madrid

The Royal Palace of Madrid is the official residence of the King of Spain, located in Madrid. King Juan Carlos of Spain and the royal family do not reside in this palace, instead choosing the smaller Palacio de la Zarzuela, on the outskirts of Madrid....
 in Madrid
Madrid

Madrid is the Capital and largest city of Spain. It is the Largest cities of the European Union by population within city limits in the European Union after Greater London and Berlin, and its Madrid metropolitan area is the Largest urban areas of the European Union in the European Union after Paris aire urbaine, Greater London Urban Area, a...
 and is buried at El Escorial
El Escorial

El Escorial is an historical residence of the king of Spain. It is one of the Spanish royal sites and functions as a monastery, royal palace, museum and school....
.

Ancestry



Bibliography


  • Campos y Fernández de Sevilla, Francisco-Javier. María Cristina de Habsburgo y la Regencia, 1885-1902. San Lorenzo de El Escorial: Estudios Superiores del Escorial, Real Colegio Universitario "María Cristina", 1994.


  • Cancio R. Capote, Rita Maria. The Function of Maria Christina of Austria's Regency, 1885-1902, in Preserving the Spanish Monarchy. México: Ediciones Botas, 1957.


  • Figueroa y Torres, Alvaro de, Conde de Romanones. Doña María Cristina de Habsburgo Lorena, la discreta regente de España. Madrid: Espasa-Calpe, 1934.


  • Martín Alonso, Aurelio. Diez y seis años de regencia, María Cristina de Hapsburgo-Lorena, 1885-1902. Barcelona: L. Tasso, 1914.


  • Thoma, Helga. Habsburgs letzte Herrscherin: Maria Christine, Erzherzogin von Österreich, Königin-Regentin von Spanien. Wien-Klosterneuburg: Edition Va Bene, 2003.


External links