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Malla (Nepal)
Encyclopedia
Malla (India)
Malla was one of the solasa mahajanapadas of ancient India mentioned in the Anguttara Nikaya. It was named after the ruling clan of the same name. The Mahabharata mentions the territory as the Mallarashtra . The Malla mahajanapada was situated north of Magadha. It was a small mahajanapada...
Mahajanapada. They later shifted to Kathmandu valley. In Nepal, The first Malla king was Abhaya Malla
Abhaya Malla
Abhaya Malla was a Malla Dynasty king of the Nepal in the first half of the 13th century.His death is well documented in the history of Nepal, given that he died during the 1255 earthquake in Nepal which wiped out one third of the population of the Kathmandu Valley.He performed a Lakshyahoma....
, the son of Ari Deva who ruled kathmandu valley.
History
Malla ruler Ananta Malla (r.1274 - 1310) was succeeded by his son Jayananda Deva (r.1310 - 1320). His son Jayaraja Deva (1317–1361) became king in 1347. During his reign Sultan of Bengal, Shams-ud-Din Ilyas Shah invaded Nepal. Jayaraja Deva was succeeded by his son Jayarjuna Malla (r. 1361 - 1382). Jayarjuna was overthrown by Jayasthiti Malla in 1382. Jayashtiti Malla (r.1382- 1395) was the most capable ruler of this dynasty who curbed the powers of the feudal chiefs. He is known for structuring of Newar society by implementing the caste system and fixing the status of the different castes. However, some historians and scholars consider this caste system to be the worse aspect of the Malla dynasty as the whole world sees this today as a social taboo.Even to this date, much changes are not seen in this social taboo issue and there has been reported issues of deriding the working class on the basis of their traditional profession and caste. It won't be untrue to say that the whole credit of forming and maintaining the world class Newar culture and tradition goes to the middle caste and lower caste of Newars than the greedy higher caste rulers who used to be considered as deities. He took the titles Dayitanarayana and Asuranarayana. He had three sons who ruled conjointly after their father's death but later his youngest son Jayajyotir Malla became the sole ruler (r.1395 - 1428).Jayajyotir Malla was succeeded by his son Jayayakshya Malla or Yaksha Malla
Jayayakshya Malla
Jayayakshya Malla was a Malla Dynasty king of Nepal from around 1428 to 1482. He enlarged the boundaries of Nepal and developed infrastructure...
(r.1428 - 1482). He was the last Malla king of united Nepal, and he divided his kingdom amongst his sons. Most noted Malla kings were:
- Pratap Malla of Kantipur
- Siddhi Narasimha Malla of Lalitpur
- Bhupatindra Malla of BhaktapurBhaktapurBhaktapur , also Bhadgaon or Khwopa is an ancient Newar town in the east corner of the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. It is located in Bhaktapur District in the Bagmati Zone...
The Malla dynasty rulers ruled the Kathmandu valley till Prithvi Narayan Shah
Prithvi Narayan Shah
Prithvi Narayan Shah, King of Nepal was the first king of the House of Shahs to rule Nepal. He is credited for starting the campaign for a unified Nepal, which had been divided and weakened under Malla confederacy. He was the ninth generation descendant of Dravya Shah , the founder of the ruling...
conquered the valley from them in 1768-69 CE. The last Malla kings were Jayaprakash Malla of Kantipur, Tejnarsingh Malla of Lalitpur and Ranajit Malla of Bhaktapur.
Malla rulers of the whole Kathmandu valley
- Ari Deva c.1201 - 1216
- Abhaya MallaAbhaya MallaAbhaya Malla was a Malla Dynasty king of the Nepal in the first half of the 13th century.His death is well documented in the history of Nepal, given that he died during the 1255 earthquake in Nepal which wiped out one third of the population of the Kathmandu Valley.He performed a Lakshyahoma....
c.1216 - 1235 - Ranasura c.1216
- Jayadeva MallaJayadeva MallaJayadeva Malla was a Malla Dynasty king of Nepal, Nepal in the 13th century. He was known to have been the ruler in 1260 when the 1260 earthquake struck the valley, just five years after the 1255 earthquake....
c.1235 - 1258 - Jayabhima Deva c.1258 - 1271
- Jayasimha Malla c.1271 - 1274
- Ananta Malla c.1274 - 1310
- Jayananada Deva c.1310 - 1320
- Jayari Malla c.1320 - 1344
- Jayarudra Malla c.1320 - 1326
- Jayaraja Deva c.1347 - 1361
- Jayarjuna Malla c.1361 - 1382
- Jayasthiti Malla c.1382 - 1395
- Jayajyotir Malla c.1395 - 1428
- Jayakiti Malla c.1395 - 1403
- Jayadharma MallaJayadharma MallaJayadharma Malla was a Malla Dynasty King of Nepal from around 1395 to 1408.-References:...
c.1395 - 1408 - Jayayakshya MallaJayayakshya MallaJayayakshya Malla was a Malla Dynasty king of Nepal from around 1428 to 1482. He enlarged the boundaries of Nepal and developed infrastructure...
c.1428 - 1482
Malla rulers of Kantipur
- Ratna Malla 1482 - 1520
- Surya Malla 1520 - 1530
- Amara Malla 1530 - 1538
- Narendra Malla 1538 - 1560
- Mahendra Malla 1560–1574
- Sadashiva Malla 1574–1583
- Shivasimha Malla 1583–1620
- Lakshminarasimha Malla 1620 - 1641
- Pratap MallaPratap MallaPratap Malla , of Malla dynasty of Nepal, was the ninth king of Kantipur after the division of the Kathmandu Valley into three kingdoms. He was responsible for the construction of majority of the buildings around Durbar Square.A statue of Pratap Malla is found standing on a column facing the...
1641–1674 - Chakravartendra Malla 1669
- Mahipatendra Malla 1670
- Jayanripendra Malla 1674–1680
- Parthivendra Malla 1680–1687
- Bhupalendra Malla 1687–1700
- Bhaskara Malla 1700–1714
- Mahendrasimha Malla 1714–1722
- Jagajjaya Malla 1722–1736
- Jaya Prakash MallaJayaprakash MallaJaya Prakash Malla was the last king of Yen or Kantipur which corresponds to present day Kathmandu. He ruled from 1736 to 1746, and then from 1750 until his death in 1768....
1736–1746, 1750–1768 - Jyoti Prakash Malla 1746–1750
Malla rulers of Lalitpur
- Purandara Simha c.1580 - 1600
- Harihara Simha c.1600 - 1609
- Shiva Simha (King of Kantipur) 1609 - 1620
- Siddhi Narasimha 1620 - 1661
- Srinivasa Malla 1661 - 1685
- Yoga Narendra Malla 1685–1705
- Loka Prakash Malla 1705–1706
- Indra Malla (Purandara Malla) 1706–1709
- Vira Narasimha Malla 1709
- Vira Mahindra Malla 1709–1715
- Riddhi Narasimha 1715–1717
- Mahindra Simha (King of Kantipur) 1717–1722
- Yoga Prakash Malla 1722–1729
- Vishnu Malla 1729–1745
- Rajya Prakash Malla 1745–1758
- Vishvajit MallaVishvajit MallaVishvajit Malla was a Malla Dynasty King of Kantipur from 1758 to 1760. He committed suicide in 1760 just two years into his reign by thrusting a dagger into his abdomen.-References:...
1758–1760 - Jaya Prakash Malla (King of Kantipur) 1760–1761, 1763–1764
- Ranajit MallaRanajit MallaRanajit Malla was a Malla Dynasty King of Bhaktapur, Nepal from 1722 to 1769. It was he who provided the Batsala Temple with its magnificent bell in 1737....
(King of Bhaktapur) 1762–1763 - Dala Mardan Shah 1764–1765
- Tej Narasimha Malla 1765–1768
Malla rulers of Bhaktapur
- Raya MallaRaya MallaRaya Malla was a Malla Dynasty King of Bhaktapur, Nepal from 1482 to 1519. He established the Catur Varna Mahavihara Monastery in Bhaktapur....
1482 - 1519 - Prana MallaPrana MallaPrana Malla was a Malla Dynasty King of Bhaktapur, Nepal from 1519 to 1547. Unlike many of the other Malla rulers, there is little evidence today that this king was particularly active in construction developments in the Durbar Square in Bhaktapur.-References:...
1519 - 1547 - Vishva MallaVishva MallaVishva Malla was a Malla Dynasty King of Bhaktapur, Nepal from 1547 to 1560. Unlike many of the other Malla rulers, there is little evidence today that this king was particularly active in construction developments in the Durbar Square in Bhaktapur....
1547 - 1560 - Trailokya MallaTrailokya MallaTrailokya Malla was a Malla Dynasty King of Bhaktapur, Nepal from 1560 to 1613.The origin of Kumari can be traced to King Trailokya Malla who is believed to have instituted the tradition of Kumari after losing his right to see Durga in person. Taleju was recognized as a form of the beautiful...
1560–1613 - Jagajjyoti MallaJagajjyoti MallaJagajyoti Malla was a Malla Dynasty King of Bhaktapur, Nepal from 1613 to 1637. Unlike many of the other Malla rulers, there is little evidence today that this king was particularly active in construction developments in Nepal.-References:...
1613–1637 - Naresha MallaNaresha MallaNaresha Malla , often referred to as Naresh or Narindra, was a Malla Dynasty King of Bhaktapur, Nepal from 1637 to 1644. He was succeeded by his son Jagat Prakasha Malla in 1644....
1637–1644 - Jagat Prakasha MallaJagat Prakasha MallaJagat Prakasha Malla or Jagat Prakash Mallaw was a Malla Dynasty King of Bhaktapur, Nepal from 1644 to 1673. He succeeded his father Naresha Malla and became known as a great builder.-References:...
1644–1673 - Jitamitra MallaJitamitra MallaRaja Jitamitra Malla was a Malla Dynasty King of Bhaktapur, Nepal from 1673 to 1696.-Construction efforts:Son of Sri Jaya Jagatprakasa Malla Raja, he was noted for his construction projects. In 1674 he built a Shikara-style Shiva temple with a gilded repousse mask of the God on each side in Bhaktapu...
1673–1696 - Bhupatindra MallaBhupatindra MallaRaja Bhupatindra Malla was a Malla Dynasty King of Bhaktapur, Nepal from 1696 to 1722.The son of Jitamitra Malla he continued his fathers ambitious work in construction and completed the 55 window palace in Bhaktapur which remains today...
1696–1722 - Ranajit MallaRanajit MallaRanajit Malla was a Malla Dynasty King of Bhaktapur, Nepal from 1722 to 1769. It was he who provided the Batsala Temple with its magnificent bell in 1737....
1722–1769