Magnus II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
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Magnus called Magnus with the Necklace () or Magnus II, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, ruling the Brunswick-Lüneburg
principalities of Wolfenbüttel (colloquially also called Brunswick) and, temporarily, Lüneburg.
Magnus was the son of Magnus the Pious, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Wolfenbüttel)
. In 1362 Magnus and his brother Louis helped their brother Prince-Archbishop Albert II
of Bremen to assert himself against the incumbent diocesan administrator Morris of Oldenburg, who claimed the see
for himself. Magnus, Louis and the latter's father-in-law William II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Celle)
, and their troops beleaguered Morris in the prince-archiepiscopal castle in Vörde
and forced him to sign his resignation.
After the death of his brother Louis in 1367, Magnus became the designated heir of both ducal principalities, Wolfenbüttel and Celle (colloquially also Lüneburg). When both his father and William II, who ruled over Celle, died in 1369, Magnus gained both ducal principalities. But already in 1370, he lost Celle to the Ascanian
dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg
(Albert
and his uncle Wenceslas, Elector of Saxe-Wittemberg
), who had been given the principality by Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
, who had also banned Magnus. Several cities, including Lüneburg (Lunenburg)
, Uelzen
, and Hanover
switched allegiance to the Ascanians; Magnus managed to keep the City of Braunschweig (Brunswick) among his allies only with difficulties. The Lüneburg War of Succession
continued for several years after Magnus died in the Battle of Leveste (a part of today's Gehrden
), near the Deister
, on 25 July 1373.
Magnus married Catherine, daughter of Bernhard III, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg
, who married Magnus' enemy, Albert, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg, after his death. They had the following children:
Brunswick-Lüneburg
The Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg , or more properly Duchy of Brunswick and Lüneburg, was an historical ducal state from the late Middle Ages until the late Early Modern era within the North-Western domains of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, in what is now northern Germany...
principalities of Wolfenbüttel (colloquially also called Brunswick) and, temporarily, Lüneburg.
Magnus was the son of Magnus the Pious, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Wolfenbüttel)
Magnus the Pious, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Magnus , called the Pious , was duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.The son of Albert the Fat, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Magnus was still a minor when his father died in 1318; he and his brother Ernest were put under the guardianship of their elder brother Otto, who continued as sole ruler even after his...
. In 1362 Magnus and his brother Louis helped their brother Prince-Archbishop Albert II
Albert of Brunswick and Lunenburg-Wolfenbüttel
Duke Albert of Brunswick and Lunenburg, Wolfenbüttel line was as Albert II Prince-Archbishop of Bremen in the years 1361–1395.-Before ascending to the See of Bremen:...
of Bremen to assert himself against the incumbent diocesan administrator Morris of Oldenburg, who claimed the see
Episcopal See
An episcopal see is, in the original sense, the official seat of a bishop. This seat, which is also referred to as the bishop's cathedra, is placed in the bishop's principal church, which is therefore called the bishop's cathedral...
for himself. Magnus, Louis and the latter's father-in-law William II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Celle)
William II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
William II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg was the Prince of Lüneburg from 1330 to 1369.- Life :William was born around the year 1300 as the fourth child of Otto the Strict and his wife, Matilda of Bavaria....
, and their troops beleaguered Morris in the prince-archiepiscopal castle in Vörde
Bremervörde
Bremervörde is a town in the north of the district Rotenburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated at the Oste river near the mid of the triangle, which is formed of the rivers Weser and Elbe respectively the cities of Hamburg, Bremen and Cuxhaven....
and forced him to sign his resignation.
After the death of his brother Louis in 1367, Magnus became the designated heir of both ducal principalities, Wolfenbüttel and Celle (colloquially also Lüneburg). When both his father and William II, who ruled over Celle, died in 1369, Magnus gained both ducal principalities. But already in 1370, he lost Celle to the Ascanian
Ascanian
The House of Ascania was a dynasty of German rulers. It was also known as the House of Anhalt, after Anhalt, its longest-held possession.The Ascanians are named after Ascania Castle, which is located near and named after Aschersleben...
dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg
Saxe-Wittenberg
The Duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg was a medieval duchy of the Holy Roman Empire centered at Wittenberg, which emerged after the dissolution of the stem duchy of Saxony. As the precursor of the Saxon Electorate, the Ascanian Wittenberg dukes prevailed in obtaining the Saxon electoral dignity.-Ascanian...
(Albert
Albert of Saxe-Wittenberg, Duke of Lüneburg
Albert of Saxe-Wittenberg was born as the son of Otto , a younger son of the prince-elector Rudolph I of Saxe-Wittenberg, and his wife Elisabeth, daughter of Duke William II of Brunswick-Lüneburg...
and his uncle Wenceslas, Elector of Saxe-Wittemberg
Wenceslas I, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg
Wenceslas I, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg from the House of Ascania ruled from 1370 to 1388 and was a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire as well as Prince of Lüneburg. He was the son of Rudolf I and his 3rd wife, Agnes of Lindow.- Life :In 1370 Wenceslas succeeded his brother Rudolf II...
), who had been given the principality by Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles IV , born Wenceslaus , was the second king of Bohemia from the House of Luxembourg, and the first king of Bohemia to also become Holy Roman Emperor....
, who had also banned Magnus. Several cities, including Lüneburg (Lunenburg)
Lüneburg
Lüneburg is a town in the German state of Lower Saxony. It is located about southeast of fellow Hanseatic city Hamburg. It is part of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region, and one of Hamburg's inner suburbs...
, Uelzen
Uelzen
Uelzen is a town in northeast Lower Saxony, Germany, and capital of the county of Uelzen. It is part of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region, a Hanseatic town and an independent municipality....
, and Hanover
Hanover
Hanover or Hannover, on the river Leine, is the capital of the federal state of Lower Saxony , Germany and was once by personal union the family seat of the Hanoverian Kings of Great Britain, under their title as the dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg...
switched allegiance to the Ascanians; Magnus managed to keep the City of Braunschweig (Brunswick) among his allies only with difficulties. The Lüneburg War of Succession
Lüneburg War of Succession
The Lüneburg War of Succession was a conflict that broke out in 1370 in north Germany and lasted, with interruptions, for 18 years. The war was over the line of succession to the Principality of Lüneburg...
continued for several years after Magnus died in the Battle of Leveste (a part of today's Gehrden
Gehrden
Gehrden is a town in the district of Hanover, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approx. southwest of Hanover.- References :...
), near the Deister
Deister
The Deister is a chain of hills in the German state of Lower Saxony, about 15 mi southwest of the city of Hanover. It runs in a north-westerly direction from Springe in the south to Rodenberg in the north. The next the chain of hills that attaches in the south is called Small Deister...
, on 25 July 1373.
Family
Magnus married Catherine, daughter of Bernhard III, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg
Bernhard III, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg
Bernhard III, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Bernburg....
, who married Magnus' enemy, Albert, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg, after his death. They had the following children:
- Catherine ElizabethElisabeth of BrunswickElisabeth of Brunswick and Lunenburg was Duchess consort of Sønderjylland and Schleswig and Countess consort of Holstein-Rendsburg...
married Gerhard II/VI, Duke of Schleswig/Count of Holstein-Rendsburg (ca. 1367-4 August 1404) - Frederick I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (1357-1400) married Anna of Saxe-WittenbergAnna of Saxe-WittenbergAnna of Saxe-Wittenberg was a member of the House of Ascania and the wife of Duke Frederick I of Brunswick-Lüneburg, a German antiking....
(died 1440) - Bernard I, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgBernard I, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgBernard , Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, ruled over several principalities of Brunswick-Lüneburg. In the genealogy of the House of Welf, he is considered the first member of the Second House of Lüneburg....
(died 1434) married Margaret of Saxony (before 1370-1418) - Henry the Mild, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgHenry the Mild, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgHenry of Brunswick-Lüneburg , Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, called Henry the Mild, was prince of Lüneburg from 1388 to 1409 jointly with his brother Bernard I, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, from 1400 to 1409 also of Wolfenbüttel, and from 1409 until his death sole prince of Lüneburg.Henry was the...
(died 1416) - Agnes I (died 1410), married Albert I, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgAlbert I, Duke of Brunswick-LüneburgAlbert the Tall , of the House of Welf, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg from 1252 to 1269 and the first ruler of the newly created Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel from 1269 until his death.-Life:...
(1339-1383) - Helen married Eric I, Count of Hoya
- Elizabeth (died 1420), married Maurice IV, Count of Oldenburg (1380-1420)
- Agnes IIAgnes of Brunswick-LüneburgAgnes of Brunswick-Lüneburg was a Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg by birth and by marriage Duchess of Pomerania and later Duchess of Mecklenburg. She was the daughter of Duke Magnus II of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Catharine of Anhalt-Bernburg Agnes of Brunswick-Lüneburg (born: before 1356; died:...
(before 1356 - circa 1416), married first Busso IV, Count of Mansfeld, then Bogislaw VI, Duke of PomeraniaBogislaw VI, Duke of PomeraniaBogislaw VI, Duke of Pomerania was duke of Pomerania-Wolgast.In 1365, after the death of his father, Bogislaw IV, he ruled Pomerania jointly with his brother Wartislaw VI. As they were both minors, they stood under the guardianship of their uncle Bogislaw V, who died in 1374...
, and finally King Albert of SwedenAlbert of SwedenAlbert was King of Sweden from 1364 to 1389 and Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin from 1384 to 1412.-Background:... - Sophie (1358–by 28 May 1416) married Duke Eric IV of Saxe-Lauenburg on 8 April 1373.
- Maud (1370-??) married Otto III, Count of Hoya (died 1428)
- Otto, Archbishop of Bremen (ca.1364-1406)